CentOS下搭建SVN服务器

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一，介绍SVN
    SVN是Subversion的简称，是一个开放源代码的版本控制系统，相较于RCS、CVS，它采用了分支管理系统，它的设计目标就是取代CVS。互联网上很多版本控制服务已从CVS迁移到Subversion。说得简单一点SVN就是用于多个人共同开发同一个项目，共用资源的目的。 ----百度百科
二，安装SV
官网下载： http://subversion.apache.org/packages.html
SVN客户端TortoiseSVN :https://tortoisesvn.net/downloads.html
1,yum install subversion安装

1	[iyunv@localhost conf]# yum install subversion

2，新建一个目录用于存储SVN目录

1	[iyunv@localhost]mkdir /svn

3,新建一个测试仓库

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[iyunv@localhost svn]# svnadmin create /svn/test/ [iyunv@localhost svn]# ll /svn/test/ total 24 drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jul 28 18:12 conf drwxr-sr-x. 6 root root 4096 Jul 28 18:12 db -r--r--r--. 1 root root    2 Jul 28 18:12 format drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jul 28 18:12 hooks drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jul 28 18:12 locks -rw-r--r--. 1 root root  229 Jul 28 18:12 README.txt

以下关于目录的说明：
hooks目录：放置hook脚步文件的目录
locks目录：用来放置subversion的db锁文件和db_logs锁文件的目录，用来追踪存取文件库的客户端
format目录：是一个文本文件，里边只放了一个整数，表示当前文件库配置的版本号
conf目录：是这个仓库配置文件（仓库用户访问账户，权限）

4,配置SVN服务的配置文件svnserver.conf：

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[iyunv@localhost conf]# vim svnserve.conf ### This file controls the configuration of the svnserve daemon, if you ### use it to allow access to this repository.  (If you only allow ### access through http: and/or file: URLs, then this file is ### irrelevant.) ### Visit http://subversion.tigris.org/ for more information. [general] ### These options control access to the repository for unauthenticated ### and authenticated users.  Valid values are "write", "read", ### and "none".  The sample settings below are the defaults. anon-access = read         ##注意前边不要有空格，要顶齐 auth-access = write         ##注意前边不要有空格，要顶齐 ### The password-db option controls the location of the password ### database file.  Unless you specify a path starting with a /, ### the file's location is relative to the directory containing ### this configuration file. ### If SASL is enabled (see below), this file will NOT be used. ### Uncomment the line below to use the default password file. password-db = passwd        ##注意前边不要有空格，要顶齐 ### The authz-db option controls the location of the authorization ### rules for path-based access control.  Unless you specify a path ### starting with a /, the file's location is relative to the the ### directory containing this file.  If you don't specify an ### authz-db, no path-based access control is done. ### Uncomment the line below to use the default authorization file. authz-db = authz            ### This option specifies the authentication realm of the repository. ### If two repositories have the same authentication realm, they should ### have the same password database, and vice versa.  The default realm ### is repository's uuid. realm = This is My First Test Repository   ##这个是提示信息 [sasl] ### This option specifies whether you want to use the Cyrus SASL ### library for authentication. Default is false. ### This section will be ignored if svnserve is not built with Cyrus ### SASL support; to check, run 'svnserve --version' and look for a line ### reading 'Cyrus SASL authentication is available.' # use-sasl = true ### These options specify the desired strength of the security layer ### that you want SASL to provide. 0 means no encryption, 1 means ### integrity-checking only, values larger than 1 are correlated ### to the effective key length for encryption (e.g. 128 means 128-bit ### encryption). The values below are the defaults. # min-encryption = 0 # max-encryption = 256

5，配置访问用户及密码

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[iyunv@localhost conf]# vim passwd ### This file is an example password file for svnserve. ### Its format is similar to that of svnserve.conf. As shown in the ### example below it contains one section labelled [users]. ### The name and password for each user follow, one account per line. [users] # harry = harryssecret # sally = sallyssecret lqb = lqb123456 test1 = 123456 test2 = 654321

6，配置新用户的授权文件

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[iyunv@localhost conf]# vim authz      ### This file is an example authorization file for svnserve. ### Its format is identical to that of mod_authz_svn authorization ### files. ### As shown below each section defines authorizations for the path and ### (optional) repository specified by the section name. ### The authorizations follow. An authorization line can refer to: ###  - a single user, ###  - a group of users defined in a special [groups] section, ###  - an alias defined in a special [aliases] section, ###  - all authenticated users, using the '$authenticated' token, ###  - only anonymous users, using the '$anonymous' token, ###  - anyone, using the '*' wildcard. ### ### A match can be inverted by prefixing the rule with '~'. Rules can ### grant read ('r') access, read-write ('rw') access, or no access ### (''). [aliases] # joe = /C=XZ/ST=Dessert/L=Snake City/O=Snake Oil, Ltd./OU=Research Institute/CN=Joe Average [groups] # harry_and_sally = harry,sally # harry_sally_and_joe = harry,sally,&joe # [/foo/bar] # harry = rw # &joe = r # * = # [repository:/baz/fuz] # @harry_and_sally = rw # * = r admin = lqb,test2 user = test1 [/svn/test/] @admin = rw @user = r

备注：
admin = lqb,test2   创建admin组，组成员为：lqb,test2
user = test1      创建用户组，用户成员：test1
[/svn/test/]      对/svn/test资料库中test项目设置权限
@admin = rw       admin组有读写的权限
@user = r        user组只有读的权限
*=            表示除了上面设置的权限用户组以外，其他所有用户都设置空权限，空权限表示禁止访问本目录，这很重要一定要加上。      

7，启动svn服务

1	[iyunv@localhost conf]#svnserve -d -r /svn/

注意：更改svnserver.conf时需要重启SVN服务，更改authz，passwd文件时则不需要、

二，通过客户端进行连接
1,使用windows的客户端来进行连接


2，在Linux使用如下命令行：

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[iyunv@localhost conf]# svn co svn://192.168.200.200/test A    test/工作文档.txt.bak A    test/soft Checked out revision 2.

如果失败的话，基本上可以断定authz文件的配置有问题，可以修改下：

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admin = lqb,test2 user = test1 [/] @admin = rw @user = r * = rw     ###表示除了上面设置的权限用户组以外，其他所有用户都设置空权限，空权限表示禁止访问本目录