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1. 安装前的准备
1.1 硬件要求
无特殊需求(根据Hadoop各个组件需求及实际情况,一般建议单个集群的机器数量在3台及以上:1台Master结点,2台机器作为Slave结点)。
1.2 软件要求
1.2.1 操作系统
仅支持如下操作系统:
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) v5.x or 6.x (64-bit)
- CentOS v5.x or 6.x (64-bit)
- SUSE Linux Enterprise Server (SLES) 11, SP1 (64-bit)
1.2.2 浏览器
Ambari Web接口运行的浏览器需求如下:
Windows (Vista, 7)
- Internet Explorer 9.0 and higher
- Firefox latest stable>
- Safari latest stable> Google Chrome latest stable>
Mac OS X (10.6 or later)
- Firefox latest stable>
- Safari latest stable>Google Chrome latest stable>
Linux (RHEL, CentOS, SLES)
- Firefox latest stable>Google Chrome latest stable>
1.2.3 数据库
Hadoop的一些组件需要用到传统关系型数据库。如MySQL,Derby,PostgreSQL。
1.3 安装环境准备
1.3.1 地址映射
配置详情
# vi /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.31.3 <主机的全名,如john.smith>
1.3.2 SSH无密码登录
确保ssh版本最新,sshd服务开启。
配置详情
1) 确认是否已经安装ssh
# rpm -qa | grep ssh
# yum install ssh //上条命令无输出时
2) 修改配置文件
# vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config
RSAAuthentication yes # 启用 RSA 认证
PubkeyAuthentication yes # 启用公钥私钥配对认证方式
AuthorizedKeysFile .ssh/authorized_keys # 公钥文件路径
# service sshd restart //重启sshd服务
3) 生成秘钥
$ ssh-keygen -t rsa
Tips:敲完命令,一直回车,直到命令结束生成如下类似的图案
图1-1 生成秘钥
图1-2 生成的秘钥
4) 添加公钥
$ cat .ssh/id_rsa >> .ssh/authorized_keys
Tips:.ssh 700, authorized_keys 644
图1-3 配置成功
1.3.3 关闭SELinux
命令:临时关闭
# setenforce 0
命令:永久关闭
#vi /etc/selinux/config
config:
# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.
# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
# enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.
# permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
# disabled - SELinux is fully disabled.
SELINUX=disabled
# SELINUXTYPE= type of policy in use. Possible values are:
# targeted - Only targeted network daemons are protected.
# strict - Full SELinux protection.
SELINUXTYPE=targeted
1.3.4 关闭iptables
命令
#chkconfig iptables off
#/etc/init.d/iptables stop
1.3.5 关闭Packagekit
命令
#vi /etc/yum/pluginconf.d/refresh-packagekit.conf
enabled=0
1.3.6 NTP
针对集群,需要一台时间同步服务器,确保集群时间同步,若差距太大,很多组件无法正常运行。
命令
# rpm -qa | grep ntp //查看是否已经安装NTP
# yum install ntp //安装NTP
# vi /etc/ntp.conf
// restrict default kod nomodify notrap nopeer noquery 改为
restrict default nomodify
// 添加/修改上一层时间同步服务器
server 0.cn.pool.ntp.org
server 0.asia.pool.ntp.org
server 2.asia.pool.ntp.org
# chkconfig ntpd on
# service ntpd start
1.3.7 卸载OpenJDK安装Oracle JDK
命令
#rpm -qa | grep java
#rpm -e --nodeps xxx
#rpm -ivh xxx.rpm
#vi /etc/profiles
//配置 JAVA_HOME
export JAVA_HOME=/xxx
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
export> #source /etc/profiles
1.3.8 安装、配置PostgreSQL或MySQL
PostgreSQL安装命令
# wget https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/9.2/redhat/rhel-6-x86_64/pgdg-centos92-9.2-8.noarch.rpm
# rpm –ivh xxxx.rpm
# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/ CentOS-Base.repo
[base]
…
exclude=postgresql*
[updates]
…
exclude=postgresql*
# yum upgrade postgresql-libs
# yum install postgresql92-server
# service postgresql-9.2 initdb
# service postgresql-9.2 start
# psql -U postgres
//修改配置文件/var/lib/pgsql/9.1/data/pg_hba.conf 将peer改为trust,将METHOD由默认的ident改为md5,再重启服务
MySQL安装、部署命令
# rpm -qa | grep mysql
# rpm -e --nodeps mysql //卸载原有的MySQL
# yum install -y mysql-server mysql mysql-devel
# service mysqld start
# chkconfig mysqld on //开机启动mysqld服务
# mysqladmin -u root password 'root' //初始化数据库root账户
1.3.9 安装MySQL依赖
命令
# yum install mysql-connector-java
# chmod 644 /usr/share/java/<mysql-connector-java.jar>
1.3.10 UMASK
命令
#echo umask 0022 >> /etc/profile
1.3.11 搭建本地库
(1) 基本依赖组件安装
命令
# yum install createrepo
# yum install openssl
# yum install nc
# yum install redhat-lsb
# yum install gcc
# yum install python-devel
# yum install python-libs
(2) 下载相关文件
ITEMS
URLS
Ambari 2.2.2
http://public-repo-1.hortonworks.com/ambari/centos6/2.x/updates/2.2.2.0/
ambari-2.2.2.0-centos6.tar.gz
HDP 2.4
http://public-repo-1.hortonworks.com/HDP/centos6/2.x/
updates/2.4.2.0/HDP-2.4.2.0-centos6-rpm.tar.gz
HDP-UTILS
http://public-repo-1.hortonworks.com/HDP-UTILS-1.1.0.20/
repos/centos6/HDP-UTILS-1.1.0.20-centos6.tar.gz
(3) 安装Apache httpd
命令
# yum install httpd
# chkconfig --levels 235 httpd on
# /etc/init.d/httpd start
# mkdir -p /var/www/html/ambari
# mkdir -p /var/www/html/hdp
# mkdir -p /var/www/html/hdp-utils
//打开浏览器,键入http://localhost会出现如下类似的页面,表面安装并开启成功。
(4) 解压、配置repo文件
命令
# tar -zxvf ambari-2.2.2.0-centos6.tar.gz -C /var/www/html/ambari
# tar -zxvf HDP-2.4.2.0-centos6-rpm.tar.gz -C /var/www/html/hdp
# tar -zxvf HDP-UTILS-1.1.0.20-centos6.tar.gz -C /var/www/html/hdp-utils
# vi ambari.repo
[Updates-ambari-2.2.2.0]
name=ambari-2.2.2.0-Updates
baseurl=http://192.168.31.3/ambari/AMBARI-2.2.2.0/centos6/2.2.2.0-460/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://public-repo-1.hortonworks.com/ambari/centos6/RPM-GPG-KEY/RPM-GPG-KEY-Jenkins
enabled=1
priority=1
# vi hdp.repo
[HDP-2.4.2.0]
name=HDPVersion-HDP-2.4.2.0
baseurl=http://192.168.31.3/hdp/HDP/centos6/2.x/updates/2.4.2.0/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://public-repo-1.hortonworks.com/HDP/centos6/2.x/updates/2.4.2.0/RPM-GPG-KEY/RPM-GPG-KEY-Jenkins
enabled=1
priority=1
# vi hdp-utils.repo
[HDP-UTILS-1.1.0.20]
name=HDPUtilsVersion-HDP-UTILS-1.1.0.20
baseurl=http://192.168.31.3/hdp-utils/HDP-UTILS-1.1.0.20/repos/centos6/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://public-repo-1.hortonworks.com/HDP/centos6/2.x/updates/2.4.2.0/RPM-GPG-KEY/RPM-GPG-KEY-Jenkins
enabled=1
priority=1
# cp ambari.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/
# cp hdp.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/
# cp hdp-utils.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/
//打开编辑的链接,可以看到解压出的文件已经挂在httpd上了。
2. Ambari组件安装
2.1 Ambari server
命令
# yum install ambari-server
# ambari-server start //启动服务
# ambari-server status //状态查看
//初始化数据库(以MySQL为例)
# mysql -u root -p
mysql> CREATE USER '<AMBARIUSER>'@'%'> mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO '<AMBARIUSER>'@'%';
mysql> CREATE USER '<AMBARIUSER>'@'localhost'> mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO '<AMBARIUSER>'@'localhost';
mysql> CREATE USER '<AMBARIUSER>'@'<AMBARISERVERFQDN>'> mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO '<AMBARIUSER>'@'<AMBARISERVERFQDN>';
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
# ambari-server setup //根据提示进行
//若以上安装过程未能成功初始化ambari数据库,则切换用户,手动导入Ambari的元数据
#mysql -u <AMBARIUSER> -p
mysql> CREATE DATABASE <AMBARIDATABASE>;
mysql> USE <AMBARIDATABASE>;
mysql> SOURCE Ambari-DDL-MySQL-CREATE.sql;
注:<AMBARIUSER>,<AMBARIPASSWORD>,<AMBARISERVERFQDN>等在实际安装的过程中应根据具体的情况替换。
2.2 Ambari Agent
Ambari agent 按安装完Server之后,可以通过其WebUI进行安装,但在WebUI上安装成功率不高,可以通过手动安装。
命令
# yum install ambari-agent -y
# ambari-agent start
# ambari-agent status //状态查看
3. 大数据组件安装
(1) 确保ambari-server 启动,默认通过http://localhost:8080 登录Ambari WebUI,默认的登录密码是admin/admin。界面如下图所示:
(2) 登录成功,准备安装集群。
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