cobbler无人值守安装CentOS7

kingbosster

cobbler介绍
　　cobbler是一个linux系统安装的服务，可以通过网络启动(PXE)的方式来快速安装，重装物理服务器和虚拟机，同时还可以管理DHCP，DNS等。
　　cobbler可以使用命令行方式管理，也提供了基于web的界面管理工具（cobbler-web），还提供了Apl接口，可以方便二次开发使用。
　　cobbler是较早前的kickstart的升级版，优点是比较容易配置，还自带web界面比较易于管理
　　cobbler下载及启动

[root@Cobbler ~]# yum -y install cobbler cobbler-web dhcp tftp-server pykickstart httpd  python-django

[root@Cobbler ~]# systemctl start cobblerd.service
[root@Cobbler ~]# systemctl start httpd.service

　　根据检查配置文件来修改cobbler配置文件

[root@Cobbler ~]# cobbler check
The following are potential configuration items that you may want to fix:

　　1 : The 'server' field in /etc/cobbler/settings must be set to something other than localhost, or kickstarting features will not work.  This should be a resolvable hostname or IP for the boot server as reachable by all machines that will use it.
2 : For PXE to be functional, the 'next_server' field in /etc/cobbler/settings must be s   to something other than 127.0.0.1, and should match the IP of the boot server on the ▽XE network.
3 : change 'disable' to 'no' in /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
4 : Some network boot-loaders are missing from /var/lib/cobbler/loaders, you may run 'cobbler get-loaders' to download them, or, if you only want to handle x86/x86_64 netbooting, you may ensure that you have installed a recent version of the syslinux package installed and can ignore this message entirely.  Files in this directory, should you want to support all architectures, should include pxelinux.0, menu.c32, elilo.efi, and yaboot. The 'cobbler get-loaders' command is the easiest way to resolve these requirements.
5 : enable and start rsyncd.service with systemctl
6 : debmirror package is not installed, it will be required to manage debian deployments and repositories
7 : The default password used by the sample templates for newly installed machines (default_password_crypted in /etc/cobbler/settings) is still set to 'cobbler' and should be changed, try: "openssl passwd -1 -salt 'random-phrase-here' 'your-password-here'" to generate new one
8 : fencing tools were not found, and are required to use the (optional) power management features. install cman or fence-agents to use them
　　Restart cobblerd and then run 'cobbler sync' to apply changes.
　　备份
[root@Cobbler ~]# cp /etc/cobbler/settings{,.ori}
　　快速修改配置文件
　　sed -i 's/server: 127.0.0.1/server: 172.16.1.202/' /etc/cobbler/settings
sed -i 's/next_server: 127.0.0.1/next_server: 172.16.1.202/' /etc/cobbler/settings
sed -i 's/manage_dhcp: 0/manage_dhcp: 1/' /etc/cobbler/settings
sed -i 's/pxe_just_once: 0/pxe_just_once: 1/' /etc/cobbler/settings
sed -ri "/default_password_crypted/s#(.: ).#\1\"openssl passwd -1 -salt 'oldboy' '123456'\"#" /etc/cobbler/settings
链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1mjFeaes 密码：nk4l

[root@Cobbler ~]# tar xfP cobbler_load_for_CentOS7.tar.gz
[root@Cobbler ~]# ls /var/lib/cobbler/loaders
COPYING.elilo     COPYING.yaboot  grub-x86_64.efi  menu.c32    README
COPYING.syslinux  elilo-ia64.efi  grub-x86.efi     pxelinux.0

[root@Cobbler ~]# systemctl enable rsyncd
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/rsyncd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/rsyncd.service.
[root@Cobbler ~]# systemctl start rsyncd

　　与备份文件对比

[root@Cobbler ~]# diff /etc/cobbler/settings{,.ori}
101c101
< default_password_crypted: &quot;$1$oldboy$Npg9Pt9k98Mlg0ZeqHAuN1&quot;

　　default_password_crypted: &quot;$1$mF86/UHC$WvcIcX2t6crBz2onWxyac.&quot;
242c242
< manage_dhcp: 1
　　manage_dhcp: 0
272c272
< next_server: 172.16.1.202
　　next_server: 127.0.0.1
292c292
< pxe_just_once: 1
　　pxe_just_once: 0
384c384
< server: 172.16.1.202
　　server: 127.0.0.1

　　修改dhcp配置文件

[root@Cobbler ~]# cp /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template{,.ori}
[root@Cobbler ~]# vim /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template
批量修改ip
:%s/192.168/172.16/g
21 subnet 172.16.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
22      option subnet-mask         255.255.255.0;
23      range dynamic-bootp        172.16.1.100 172.16.1.254;
24      default-lease-time         21600;
25      max-lease-time             43200;
26      next-server                $next_server;

　　与备份文件对比

[root@Cobbler ~]# diff /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template{,.ori}
21c21,23
< subnet 172.16.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {

　　subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
option routers             192.168.1.5;
option domain-name-servers 192.168.1.1;
23c25
<      range dynamic-bootp        172.16.1.100 172.16.1.254;

range dynamic-bootp        192.168.1.100 192.168.1.254;

　　重启服务
[root@Cobbler ~]# systemctl enable tftp.socket
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/sockets.target.wants/tftp.socket to /usr/lib/systemd/system/tftp.socket.
[root@Cobbler ~]# systemctl start tftp.socket
[root@Cobbler ~]# systemctl restart cobblerd.service
　　cobbler同步

[root@Cobbler ~]# cobbler sync
task started: 2018-01-09_094453_sync
task started (id=Sync, time=Tue Jan  9 09:44:53 2018)
running pre-sync triggers
cleaning trees
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/images
copying bootloaders
trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/pxelinux.0 -> /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.0
trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/menu.c32 -> /var/lib/tftpboot/menu.c32
trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/yaboot -> /var/lib/tftpboot/yaboot
trying hardlink /usr/share/syslinux/memdisk -> /var/lib/tftpboot/memdisk
trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86.efi -> /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86.efi
trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86_64.efi -> /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86_64.efi
copying distros to tftpboot
copying images
generating PXE configuration files
generating PXE menu structure
rendering DHCP files
generating /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
rendering TFTPD files
generating /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
cleaning link caches
running post-sync triggers
running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/*
running python trigger cobbler.modules.sync_post_restart_services
running: dhcpd -t -q
received on stdout:
received on stderr:
running: service dhcpd restart
received on stdout:
received on stderr: Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart dhcpd.service

　　running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/
running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/
running python trigger cobbler.modules.scm_track
running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*
TASK COMPLETE
　　登录cobbler的web界面
　　https://10.0.0.202/cobbler_web

　　虚拟机磁盘挂载

[root@Cobbler ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/
mount: /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only
[root@Cobbler ~]# df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3        98G  1.6G   97G   2% /
devtmpfs        903M     0  903M   0% /dev
tmpfs           912M     0  912M   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs           912M  8.6M  904M   1% /run
tmpfs           912M     0  912M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1      1014M  135M  880M  14% /boot
tmpfs           183M     0  183M   0% /run/user/0
/dev/sr0        4.3G  4.3G     0 100% /mnt

　　查看是否导入
[root@Cobbler ~]# ps -ef|grep rsync  
root      11796      1  0 09:20 ?        00:00:00 /usr/bin/rsync --daemon --no-detach
root      12205  11869 27 09:58 ?        00:00:03 rsync -a /mnt/ /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS7.4-x86_64 --progress
root      12206  12205  0 09:58 ?        00:00:00 rsync -a /mnt/ /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS7.4-x86_64 --progress
root      12207  12206 32 09:58 ?        00:00:04 rsync -a /mnt/ /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS7.4-x86_64 --progress
root      12217  10658  0 09:58 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto rsync

镜像文件
[root@Cobbler ~]# ls  /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/
CentOS7.4-x86_64  config

　　http://***@@httpserver@@***/cblr/links/CentOS7.4-x86_64 ==http://**10.0.0.202**/cblr/links/CentOS7.4-x86_64/

　　界面配置文件  可以修图
[root@Cobbler ~]# cat /etc/cobbler/pxe/pxedefault.template
DEFAULT menu
PROMPT 0
MENU TITLE Cobbler | http://cobbler.github.io/
TIMEOUT 200
TOTALTIMEOUT 6000
ONTIMEOUT $pxe_timeout_profile
　　LABEL local
MENU LABEL (local)
MENU DEFAULT
LOCALBOOT -1
　　$pxe_menu_items
　　MENU end
　　不想要local可以修改

　　自定义安装系统

　　Cobbler-CentOS-7-x86_64.cfg
　　#Cobbler for Kickstart Configurator for CentOS 7 by yao zhang
　　install
url --url=$tree
text
lang en_US.UTF-8
keyboard us
zerombr
bootloader --location=mbr --driveorder=sda --append=&quot;crashkernel=auto rhgb quiet&quot;
#Network information
$SNIPPET('network_config')
#network --bootproto=dhcp --device=eth0 --onboot=yes --noipv6 --hostname=CentOS7
timezone --utc Asia/Shanghai
authconfig --enableshadow --passalgo=sha512
rootpw  --iscrypted $default_password_crypted
clearpart --all --initlabel
part /boot --fstype xfs --size 1024
part swap --size 1024
part / --fstype xfs --size 1 --grow
firstboot --disable
selinux --disabled
firewall --disabled
logging --level=info
reboot
　　%pre
$SNIPPET('log_ks_pre')
$SNIPPET('kickstart_start')
$SNIPPET('pre_install_network_config')
#Enable installation monitoring
$SNIPPET('pre_anamon')
%end

　　%packages@^minimalbr/>@core