Linux+Nginx+MySQL+PHP+Xcache+Memcached

y666y

要点：
一、安装nginx
二、安装mysql
三、安装php
四、测试phpinfo
五、安装xcache
六、ab压力测试
七、安装memcached
八、memcached共享session
九、memcached缓存mysql
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一、安装nginx
1、安装平台依赖包以及工具包

1	yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ make unzip vim

2、安装pcre；支持重写rewrite,正则表达式

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unzip pcre-8.33.zip cd pcre-8.33 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pcre make && make install cd ..

3、安装zlib；支持网页压缩

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tar xf zlib-1.2.8.tar.gz 5923 cd zlib-1.2.8 ./configure  --prefix=/usr/local/zlib make && make install cd ..

4、 安装openssl；支持https

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tar xf openssl-1.0.0l.tar.gz cd openssl-1.0.0l ./config --prefix=/usr/local/openssl make && make install cd ..

5、创建运行nginx服务的账户和组

1 2	groupadd -r nginx useradd -g nginx -r -s /sbin/nologin nginx

6、安装nginx

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tar xf nginx-1.4.7.tar.gz cd nginx-1.4.7 ./configure --user=nginx --group=nginx --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-pcre=../pcre-8.33 --with-zlib=../zlib-1.2.8 --with-openssl=../openssl-1.0.0l --with-http_stub_status_module --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log --pid-path=/var/run/nginx/nginx.pid   --lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock --with-http_gzip_static_module --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/proxy/ --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/fcgi/ --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/uwsgi --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/scgi make && make install

7、提供nginx启动脚本

1	vim /etc/init.d/nginx

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#!/bin/sh # # nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon # # chkconfig:   - 85 15 # description:  Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse #               proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server # processname: nginx # config:      /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf # config:      /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx # pidfile:     /var/run/nginx.pid    # Source function library. . /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions    # Source networking configuration. . /etc/sysconfig/network    # Check that networking is up. [ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0    nginx="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx" prog=$(basename $nginx)    NGINX_CONF_FILE="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"    [ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx    lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx    make_dirs() {    # make required directories    user=`nginx -V 2>&1 | grep "configure arguments:" | sed 's/[^*]*--user=([^ ]*).*/ /g' -`    options=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep 'configure arguments:'`    for opt in $options; do        if [ `echo $opt | grep '.*-temp-path'` ]; then            value=`echo $opt | cut -d "=" -f 2`            if [ ! -d "$value" ]; then                # echo "creating" $value                mkdir -p $value && chown -R $user $value            fi        fi    done }    start() {     [ -x $nginx ] || exit 5     [ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6     make_dirs     echo -n $"Starting $prog: "     daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE     retval=$?     echo     [ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile     return $retval }    stop() {     echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "     killproc $prog -QUIT     retval=$?     echo     [ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile     return $retval }    restart() {     configtest || return $?     stop     sleep 1     start }    reload() {     configtest || return $?     echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "     killproc $nginx -HUP     RETVAL=$?     echo }    force_reload() {     restart }    configtest() {   $nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE }    rh_status() {     status $prog }    rh_status_q() {     rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1 }    case "$1" in     start)         rh_status_q && exit 0         $1         ;;     stop)         rh_status_q || exit 0         $1         ;;     restart|configtest)         $1         ;;     reload)         rh_status_q || exit 7         $1         ;;     force-reload)         force_reload         ;;     status)         rh_status         ;;     condrestart|try-restart)         rh_status_q || exit 0             ;;     *)         echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"         exit 2 esac

8、添加启动脚本执行权限

1	chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx

9、 添加nginx到服务项并设置开启启动

1 2	chkconfig --add /etc/init.d/nginx chkconfig nginx on

10、 启动nginx服务

1	service nginx start

11、 访问nginx测试页面

1 2	yum -y install elinks elinks

二、安装mysql
采用二进制安装，如果需要定制某些功能，可以使用源码编译的方式安装mysql数据库

• 添加mysql账户和组
  

1 2	groupadd -r -g 306 mysql useradd -g mysql -u 306 -s /sbin/nologin mysql

2、 解压mysql通用二进制包到/usr/local目录

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tar -xf mysql-5.5.33-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local cd /usr/local ln -sv mysql-5.5.33-linux2.6-x86_64 mysql

3、 创建数据目录，用来存放mysql数据文件，日志文件等

1	mkdir -pv /mydata/data

4、 修改数据目录的属主和属组为mysql，为了安全起见，数目文件时不允许让其它用户有查看权限的

1 2	chown -R mysql:mysql /mydata/data chmod 750 /mydata/data

5、修改mysql包，其mysql为属主和属组，因为后期初始化数据库的用户为mysql

1	chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/*

6、 拷贝msql的执行配置文件和启动服务脚本文件

拷贝mysql配置文件的时候，需要注意你服务器内存的大小，因为我服务器的内存是8G的，所以拷贝的配置文件时my-innodb-heavy-4G.cnf

1 2	cp support-files/my-innodb-heavy-4G.cnf /etc/my.cnf cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

7、 简单的对数据库配置文件进行修改/etc/my.cnf

1 2	thread_concurrency = 8 #与cpu的核心数相同，能够最大程度上提高cpu的处理能力 datadir = /mydata/data #指定数据目录的路径

8、 初始化数据库

1 2	yum -y install libaio /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/mydata/data/

9、 为了安全起见，将mysql的源程序目录改成root用户

1	chown -R root /usr/local/mysql/*

10、 启动mysql服务

1	service mysqld start

11、 添加mysql对应的环境变量

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修改文件 vim /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh 添加路径 export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin source /etc/profile  #重新读取环境变量

12、输出mysql的man手册到man命令的查找路径

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修改文件 vim /etc/man.config 添加路径 MANPATH /usr/local/mysql/man

13、 输出mysql的头文件到系统头文件

1	ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/include /usr/include/mysql

14、  输出mysql的库文件

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修改文件 vim /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf 添加路径 /usr/local/mysql/lib ldconfig -v  #重新加载库

15、 测试mysql

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[iyunv@memcached ~]# mysql #测试环境变量是否生效 Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or g. Your MySQL connection id is 1 Server version: 5.5.33-log MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database           | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mysql              | | performance_schema | | test               | +--------------------+ 4 rows in set (0.03 sec) mysql>

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[iyunv@memcached ~]# man mysql  #测试man是否生效 MYSQL(1)                     MySQL Database System                    MYSQL(1) NAME        mysql - the MySQL command-line tool SYNOPSIS        mysql [options] db_name DESCRIPTION        mysql is a simple SQL shell with input line editing capabilities. It supports interactive and noninteractive use.        When used interactively, query results are presented in an ASCII-table format. When used noninteractively (for        example, as a filter), the result is presented in tab-separated format. The output format can be changed using        command options.        If you have problems due to insufficient memory for large result sets, use the --quick option. This forces mysql        to retrieve results from the server a row at a time rather than retrieving the entire result set and buffering it        in memory before displaying it. This is done by returning the result set using the mysql_use_result() C API        function in the client/server library rather than mysql_store_result().        Using mysql is very easy. Invoke it from the prompt of your command interpreter as follows:            shell> mysql db_name        Or:            shell> mysql --user=user_name --password=your_password db_name        Then type an SQL statement, end it with “;”, g, or G and press Enter.        Typing Control+C causes mysql to attempt to kill the current statement. If this cannot be done, or Control+C is :

三、安装php
1、 安装依赖包和依赖库

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yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ pcre pcre-devel make autoconf libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc libjepg libjepg-devel libpng libpng-devel glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel openssl openssl-devel openldap openldap-devel nss_ldap openldap-clients openldap-servers bzip2 bzip2-devel

2、 Jpeg是一个基本的图像压缩方式。

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tar xf jpegsrc.v9.tar.gz cd jpeg-9/ ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/phpextend --enable-shared --enable-static make && make install cd ..

3、 libpng软件包包含 libpng 库.这些库被其他程式用于读写png文件

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tar xf libpng-1.6.2.tar.gz cd libpng-1.6.2 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/phpextend make && make install cd ..

4、 FreeType库是一个完全免费(开源)的、高质量的且可移植的字体引擎，它提供统一的接口来访问多种字体格式文件

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tar xf freetype-2.4.12.tar.gz cd freetype-2.4.12 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/phpextend make && make install cd ..

5、 php加密方式扩展库

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tar xf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz cd mhash-0.9.9.9 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/phpextend make && make install cd ..

6、 libmcrypt是加密算法扩展库。支持DES, 3DES, RIJNDAEL, Twofish, IDEA, GOST, CAST-256, ARCFOUR, SERPENT, SAFER+等算法

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tar xf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz cd libmcrypt-2.5.8 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/phpextend make && make install cd ..

7、 支持编码转化函数

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tar xf libiconv-1.14.tar.gz cd libiconv-1.14 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/phpextend make && make install cd ..

8、 输出库文件

1 2	echo "/usr/local/phpextend/lib" >> /etc/ld.so.conf.d/phpextend.conf ldconfig -v

9、 拷贝mysql的库文件

1	cp -rp /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so.18.0.0  /usr/lib/libmysqlclient.so

10、 安装php

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tar xf php-5.4.23.tar.gz cd php-5.4.23 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config  --disable-debug  --with-iconv-dir --with-freetype-dir=/usr/local/phpextend --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/local/phpextend --with-png-dir=/usr/local/phpextend --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --enable-mbregex  --enable-mbstring  --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --enable-fpm --disable-ipv6 --with-openssl --with-mhash --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soap make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv' make install

11、 拷贝php的配置文件

1	cp php.ini-development /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

12、 拷贝php-fpm的启动脚本文件，并添加到服务中，设置开机启动

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cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm  /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm chmod +x /etc/init.d/php-fpm chkconfig --add php-fpm chkconfig php-fpm on cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

13、 添加启动php-fpm的用户

1 2	groupadd -r www useradd -r -g www -s /sbin/nologin www

14、 修改php-fpm的配置文件

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vim /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf 修改用户为www user = www group = www

15、 启动php-fpm

1 2	service php-fpm start ps aux |grep php-fpm

四、测试phpinfo
nginx整合php

nginx.conf配置文件启用php

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location ~ .php$ {             root           html;             fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;             fastcgi_index  index.php;             fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;             include        fastcgi_params;         }

1 2	添加默认页面      index index.php

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更新fastcgi的参数，如果这里不更新，则显示php的调用函数页面，会吧php文件当做静态页面来处理 #vim fastcgi_params fastcgi_param  GATEWAY_INTERFACE  CGI/1.1; fastcgi_param  SERVER_SOFTWARE    nginx; fastcgi_param  QUERY_STRING       $query_string; fastcgi_param  REQUEST_METHOD     $request_method; fastcgi_param  CONTENT_TYPE       $content_type; fastcgi_param  CONTENT_LENGTH     $content_length; fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME    $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_NAME        $fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_param  REQUEST_URI        $request_uri; fastcgi_param  DOCUMENT_URI       $document_uri; fastcgi_param  DOCUMENT_ROOT      $document_root; fastcgi_param  SERVER_PROTOCOL    $server_protocol; fastcgi_param  REMOTE_ADDR        $remote_addr; fastcgi_param  REMOTE_PORT        $remote_port; fastcgi_param  SERVER_ADDR        $server_addr; fastcgi_param  SERVER_PORT        $server_port; fastcgi_param  SERVER_NAME        $server_name;

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cat > /usr/local/nginx/html/index.php << EOF phpinfo(); ?> EOF

访问phpinfo

五、安装xcache
1、 安装xcache

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tar xf xcache-1.3.2.tar.gz cd xcache-3.1.0 /usr/local/php/bin/phpize ./configure --enable-xcache --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config make && make install 安装结束时，会出现类似如下行： Installing shared extensions:     /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20100525/

2、 编辑php.ini，整合php和xcache

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cat xcache.ini >> /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini 接下来编辑/etc/php/xcache.ini，找到extension开头的行，修改为如下行： extension = /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20100525/xcache.so

3、 重新启动php-fpm

1	service php-fpm restart

4、 访问测试phpinfo是否加载xcache模块

六、ab压力测试
1、 在没有安装xcache之前测试并发

分别并发100,500,100,3000 来测试页面phpinfo的响应请求的个数

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[iyunv@memcached ~]# ab -c 100 -n 100 http://127.0.0.1/index.php This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 655654 $> Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/ Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/ Benchmarking 127.0.0.1 (be patient).....done Server Software:        nginx/1.4.7 Server Hostname:        127.0.0.1 Server Port:            80 Document Path:          /index.php Document Length:        48346 bytes Concurrency Level:      100 Time taken for tests:   0.119 seconds Complete requests:      100 Failed requests:        16    (Connect: 0, Receive: 0, Length: 16, Exceptions: 0) Write errors:           0 Total transferred:      4849282 bytes HTML transferred:       4834582 bytes Requests per second:    841.19 [#/sec] (mean) Time per request:       118.879 [ms] (mean) Time per request:       1.189 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests) Transfer rate:          39835.69 [Kbytes/sec] received Connection Times (ms)               min  mean[+/-sd] median   max Connect:        6   13   1.7     14      15 Processing:     2   51  29.7     50     101 Waiting:        1   51  29.9     49     101 Total:         17   64  29.2     64     113 Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)   50%     64   66%     80   75%     91   80%     96   90%    106   95%    111   98%    113   99%    113 100%    113 (longest request)

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[iyunv@memcached ~]# ab -c 500 -n 500 http://127.0.0.1/index.php This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 655654 $> Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/ Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/ Benchmarking 127.0.0.1 (be patient) Completed 100 requests Completed 200 requests Completed 300 requests Completed 400 requests Completed 500 requests Finished 500 requests Server Software:        nginx/1.4.7 Server Hostname:        127.0.0.1 Server Port:            80 Document Path:          /index.php Document Length:        48346 bytes Concurrency Level:      500 Time taken for tests:   4.556 seconds Complete requests:      500 Failed requests:        70    (Connect: 0, Receive: 0, Length: 70, Exceptions: 0) Write errors:           0 Total transferred:      24246424 bytes HTML transferred:       24172924 bytes Requests per second:    109.74 [#/sec] (mean) Time per request:       4556.127 [ms] (mean) Time per request:       9.112 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests) Transfer rate:          5196.99 [Kbytes/sec] received Connection Times (ms)               min  mean[+/-sd] median   max Connect:       25   30   2.2     30      34 Processing:    19 1670 1322.5   1132    4504 Waiting:       18 1669 1321.5   1130    4503 Total:         52 1700 1321.0   1161    4532 Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)   50%   1161   66%   3014   75%   3062   80%   3096   90%   3147   95%   3173   98%   3186   99%   4526 100%   4532 (longest request) [iyunv@memcached ~]#

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[iyunv@memcached ~]# ab -c 1000 -n 1000 http://127.0.0.1/index.php This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 655654 $> Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/ Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/ Benchmarking 127.0.0.1 (be patient) Completed 100 requests Completed 200 requests Completed 300 requests Completed 400 requests Completed 500 requests Completed 600 requests Completed 700 requests Completed 800 requests Completed 900 requests Completed 1000 requests Finished 1000 requests Server Software:        nginx/1.4.7 Server Hostname:        127.0.0.1 Server Port:            80 Document Path:          /index.php Document Length:        192 bytes Concurrency Level:      1000 Time taken for tests:   3.178 seconds Complete requests:      1000 Failed requests:        334    (Connect: 0, Receive: 0, Length: 334, Exceptions: 0) Write errors:           0 Non-2xx responses:      666 Total transferred:      16431711 bytes HTML transferred:       16275387 bytes Requests per second:    314.65 [#/sec] (mean) Time per request:       3178.131 [ms] (mean) Time per request:       3.178 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests) Transfer rate:          5049.07 [Kbytes/sec] received Connection Times (ms)               min  mean[+/-sd] median   max Connect:       38   45   4.0     45      53 Processing:    30  343 656.3     55    3096 Waiting:       22  340 657.5     54    3095 Total:         82  388 654.3     98    3135 Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)   50%     98   66%    114   75%    220   80%    272   90%   1199   95%   1254   98%   3117   99%   3128 100%   3135 (longest request) [iyunv@memcached ~]#

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[iyunv@memcached ~]# ab -c 3000 -n 3000 http://127.0.0.1/index.php This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 655654 $> Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/ Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/ Benchmarking 127.0.0.1 (be patient) Completed 300 requests Completed 600 requests Completed 900 requests Completed 1200 requests Completed 1500 requests Completed 1800 requests Completed 2100 requests Completed 2400 requests Completed 2700 requests Completed 3000 requests Finished 3000 requests Server Software:        nginx/1.4.7 Server Hostname:        127.0.0.1 Server Port:            80 Document Path:          /index.php Document Length:        192 bytes Concurrency Level:      3000 Time taken for tests:   7.264 seconds Complete requests:      3000 Failed requests:        2061    (Connect: 0, Receive: 0, Length: 2061, Exceptions: 0) Write errors:           0 Non-2xx responses:      939 Total transferred:      100275305 bytes HTML transferred:       99821159 bytes Requests per second:    412.99 [#/sec] (mean) Time per request:       7264.129 [ms] (mean) Time per request:       2.421 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests) Transfer rate:          13480.64 [Kbytes/sec] received Connection Times (ms)               min  mean[+/-sd] median   max Connect:        0  701 1487.0     77    7023 Processing:     7 1017 1514.9    187    5698 Waiting:        7 1014 1516.7    187    5698 Total:          7 1718 2113.6    603    7195 Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)   50%    603   66%   1395   75%   2733   80%   3716   90%   4663   95%   6694   98%   7131   99%   7170 100%   7195 (longest request)

2、 加载xcache模块之后测试phpinfo

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[iyunv@memcached ~]# ab -c 100 -n 100 http://127.0.0.1/index.php This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 655654 $> Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/ Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/ Benchmarking 127.0.0.1 (be patient).....done Server Software:        nginx/1.4.7 Server Hostname:        127.0.0.1 Server Port:            80 Document Path:          /index.php Document Length:        53200 bytes Concurrency Level:      100 Time taken for tests:   0.134 seconds Complete requests:      100 Failed requests:        11    (Connect: 0, Receive: 0, Length: 11, Exceptions: 0) Write errors:           0 Total transferred:      5334688 bytes HTML transferred:       5319988 bytes Requests per second:    744.71 [#/sec] (mean) Time per request:       134.280 [ms] (mean) Time per request:       1.343 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests) Transfer rate:          38796.96 [Kbytes/sec] received Connection Times (ms)               min  mean[+/-sd] median   max Connect:        6   10   1.2     11      12 Processing:     9   63  34.0     63     120 Waiting:        7   62  34.2     62     120 Total:         19   73  33.2     73     129 Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)   50%     73   66%     92   75%    103   80%    108   90%    120   95%    125   98%    128   99%    129 100%    129 (longest request) [iyunv@memcached ~]#

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[iyunv@memcached ~]# ab -c 500 -n 500 http://127.0.0.1/index.php This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 655654 $> Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/ Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/ Benchmarking 127.0.0.1 (be patient) Completed 100 requests Completed 200 requests Completed 300 requests Completed 400 requests Completed 500 requests Finished 500 requests Server Software:        nginx/1.4.7 Server Hostname:        127.0.0.1 Server Port:            80 Document Path:          /index.php Document Length:        53200 bytes Concurrency Level:      500 Time taken for tests:   3.152 seconds Complete requests:      500 Failed requests:        59    (Connect: 0, Receive: 0, Length: 59, Exceptions: 0) Write errors:           0 Total transferred:      26673435 bytes HTML transferred:       26599935 bytes Requests per second:    158.61 [#/sec] (mean) Time per request:       3152.420 [ms] (mean) Time per request:       6.305 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests) Transfer rate:          8262.95 [Kbytes/sec] received Connection Times (ms)               min  mean[+/-sd] median   max Connect:       22   26   2.7     26      32 Processing:    17 1291 964.1   1152    3106 Waiting:       15 1291 964.2   1152    3105 Total:         47 1318 962.0   1180    3128 Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)   50%   1180   66%   1721   75%   1770   80%   1799   90%   3073   95%   3104   98%   3119   99%   3124 100%   3128 (longest request) [iyunv@memcached ~]#

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[iyunv@memcached ~]# ab -c 1000 -n 1000 http://127.0.0.1/index.php This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 655654 $> Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/ Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/ Benchmarking 127.0.0.1 (be patient) Completed 100 requests Completed 200 requests Completed 300 requests Completed 400 requests Completed 500 requests Completed 600 requests Completed 700 requests Completed 800 requests Completed 900 requests Completed 1000 requests Finished 1000 requests Server Software:        nginx/1.4.7 Server Hostname:        127.0.0.1 Server Port:            80 Document Path:          /index.php Document Length:        192 bytes Concurrency Level:      1000 Time taken for tests:   3.203 seconds Complete requests:      1000 Failed requests:        363    (Connect: 0, Receive: 0, Length: 363, Exceptions: 0) Write errors:           0 Non-2xx responses:      637 Total transferred:      19589771 bytes HTML transferred:       19433853 bytes Requests per second:    312.20 [#/sec] (mean) Time per request:       3203.054 [ms] (mean) Time per request:       3.203 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests) Transfer rate:          5972.62 [Kbytes/sec] received Connection Times (ms)               min  mean[+/-sd] median   max Connect:       39   47   4.4     47      56 Processing:    31  394 698.3     58    3114 Waiting:       23  392 698.9     58    3114 Total:         81  440 696.1    101    3156 Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)   50%    101   66%    172   75%    272   80%   1133   90%   1258   95%   1897   98%   3135   99%   3146 100%   3156 (longest request) [iyunv@memcached ~]#

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[iyunv@memcached ~]# ab -c 3000 -n 3000 http://127.0.0.1/index.php This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 655654 $> Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/ Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/ Benchmarking 127.0.0.1 (be patient) Completed 300 requests Completed 600 requests Completed 900 requests Completed 1200 requests Completed 1500 requests Completed 1800 requests Completed 2100 requests Completed 2400 requests Completed 2700 requests Completed 3000 requests Finished 3000 requests Server Software:        nginx/1.4.7 Server Hostname:        127.0.0.1 Server Port:            80 Document Path:          /index.php Document Length:        192 bytes Concurrency Level:      3000 Time taken for tests:   4.055 seconds Complete requests:      3000 Failed requests:        2064    (Connect: 0, Receive: 0, Length: 2064, Exceptions: 0) Write errors:           0 Non-2xx responses:      936 Total transferred:      110438354 bytes HTML transferred:       109984250 bytes Requests per second:    739.77 [#/sec] (mean) Time per request:       4055.315 [ms] (mean) Time per request:       1.352 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests) Transfer rate:          26594.72 [Kbytes/sec] received Connection Times (ms)               min  mean[+/-sd] median   max Connect:        0  498 831.9     76    3021 Processing:     1  498 836.7    193    2981 Waiting:        1  496 837.6    193    2979 Total:        124  996 1316.9    198    3985 Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)   50%    198   66%    577   75%   1208   80%   3046   90%   3451   95%   3791   98%   3906   99%   3946 100%   3985 (longest request)

在并发高于3000的时候，加载xcache模块的php明显远远高于没有加载xcache模块的php！
可能这种证明不太准确；我记得xcache是多进程之间共享Opcode，这样压力测试可能不太合适；haha
七、安装memcached
1、 安装libevent

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tar xf libevent-2.0.21-stable.tar.gz cd libevent-2.0.21-stable ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libevent make && make install echo "/usr/local/libevent/lib" > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/libevent.conf ldconfig

2、 安装memcached

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tar xf memcached-1.4.17.tar.gz cd memcached-1.4.17 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/memcached --with-libevent=/usr/local/libevent make && make install

3、 memcached SysV的startup脚本代码如下所示，将其建立为/etc/init.d/memcached文件

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#!/bin/bash # # Init file for memcached # # chkconfig: - 86 14 # description: Distributed memory caching daemon # # processname: memcached # config: /etc/sysconfig/memcached . /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions ## Default variables PORT="11211" USER="nobody" MAXCONN="1024" CACHESIZE="64" OPTIONS="" RETVAL=0 prog="/usr/local/memcached/bin/memcached" desc="Distributed memory caching" lockfile="/var/lock/subsys/memcached" start() {         echo -n $"Starting $desc (memcached): "         daemon $prog -d -p $PORT -u $USER -c $MAXCONN -m $CACHESIZE "$OPTIONS"         RETVAL=$?         echo         [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile         return $RETVAL } stop() {         echo -n $"Shutting down $desc (memcached): "         killproc $prog         RETVAL=$?         echo         [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile         return $RETVAL } restart() {         stop         start } reload() {         echo -n $"Reloading $desc ($prog): "         killproc $prog -HUP         RETVAL=$?         echo         return $RETVAL } case "$1" in   start)         start         ;;   stop)         stop         ;;   restart)         restart         ;;   condrestart)         [ -e $lockfile ] && restart         RETVAL=$?         ;;         reload)         reload         ;;   status)         status $prog         RETVAL=$?         ;;    *)         echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|condrestart|status}"         RETVAL=1 esac exit $RETVAL

4、添加到服务项，设置开机启动

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chmod +x /etc/init.d/memcached chkconfig --add memcached service memcached start

5、 启动memcached服务

1	service memcached start

6、 测试memcached

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yum -y install telnet [iyunv@memcached ~]# telnet localhost 11211 Trying ::1... Connected to localhost. Escape character is '^]'. stats STAT pid 23624 STAT uptime 56 STAT time 1401396052 STAT version 1.4.17 STAT libevent 2.0.21-stable STAT pointer_size 64 STAT rusage_user 0.000000 STAT rusage_system 0.028995 STAT curr_connections 10 STAT total_connections 11 STAT connection_structures 11 STAT reserved_fds 20 STAT cmd_get 0 STAT cmd_set 0 STAT cmd_flush 0 STAT cmd_touch 0 STAT get_hits 0 STAT get_misses 0 STAT delete_misses 0 STAT delete_hits 0 STAT incr_misses 0 STAT incr_hits 0 STAT decr_misses 0 STAT decr_hits 0 STAT cas_misses 0 STAT cas_hits 0 STAT cas_badval 0 STAT touch_hits 0 STAT touch_misses 0 STAT auth_cmds 0 STAT auth_errors 0 STAT bytes_read 7 STAT bytes_written 0 STAT limit_maxbytes 67108864 STAT accepting_conns 1 STAT listen_disabled_num 0 STAT threads 4 STAT conn_yields 0 STAT hash_power_level 16 STAT hash_bytes 524288 STAT hash_is_expanding 0 STAT malloc_fails 0 STAT bytes 0 STAT curr_items 0 STAT total_items 0 STAT expired_unfetched 0 STAT evicted_unfetched 0 STAT evictions 0 STAT reclaimed 0 END

八、memcached共享session

1、 安装Memcache的PHP扩展

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tar xf memcache-2.2.5.tgz cd memcache-2.2.5 /usr/local/php/bin/phpize ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config --enable-memcache make && make install 上述安装完后会有类似以下的提示： Installing shared extensions:     /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20100525/

2、 编辑/usr/local/php/lib/php.ini，在“动态模块”相关的位置添加一行来载入memcache扩展：

1	extension=/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20100525/memcache.so

3、 重启php-fpm服务

1	service php-fpm restart

4、 访问phpinfo

5、 而后对memcached功能进行测试，在网站目录中建立测试页面test.php，添加如下内容：

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$mem = new Memcache; $mem->connect("127.0.0.1", 11211)  or die("Could not connect"); $version = $mem->getVersion(); echo "Server's version: ".$version." "; $mem->set('testkey', 'Hello World', 0, 600) or die("Failed to save data at the memcached server"); echo "Store data in the cache (data will expire in 600 seconds) "; $get_result = $mem->get('testkey'); echo "$get_result is from memcached server.";          ?>

如果有输出“Hello World is from memcached.”等信息，则表明memcache已经能够正常工作。

6、 修改session的存储方式是memcache

1 2	session.save_handler = memcache session.save_path="tcp://127.0.0.1:11211?persistent=1&weight=1&timeout=1&retry_interval=15"

7、 测试是否能够共享session

首先建立两个测试页面a.php b.php，然后存取都来自于memcached

说明：新建php页面b.php，获取当前用户的会话ID。

九、memcached缓存mysql

1、 首先创建一个存储库

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[iyunv@memcached ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -p password "root123" mysql> create database lee; mysql> use lee; mysql> CREATE TABLE lee1 (     ->  id int(7) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,     ->  name char(8) DEFAULT NULL,     -> PRIMARY KEY (id)     -> )ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=10 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; mysql> INSERT INTO lee1 VALUES (1,'tom'),(2,'jerry'),(3,'allen'),(4,'tuns'),(5,'kimi'),(6,'tjks'),(7,'test01'),(8,'test02'),(9,'test03'); mysql> select * from lee1; +----+--------+ | id | name   | +----+--------+ |  1 | tom    | |  2 | jerry  | |  3 | allen  | |  4 | tuns   | |  5 | kimi   | |  6 | tjks   | |  7 | test01 | |  8 | test02 | |  9 | test03 | +----+--------+ 9 rows in set (0.00 sec)

2、用于测试memcache是否缓存数据成功需要为这个脚本添加一个只读的数据库用户

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mysql> grant select on lee.* to memcache@'%' identified by "12345"; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.14 sec) mysql> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

3、 测试脚本

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$memcachehost = '192.168.0.102'; $memcacheport = 11211; $memcachelife = 60; $memcache = new Memcache; $memcache->connect($memcachehost,$memcacheport) or die ("Could not connect"); $query="select * from lee1 limit 10"; $key=md5($query); if(!$memcache->get($key)) {                 $conn=mysql_connect("192.168.0.102","memcache","12345");                 mysql_select_db(lee);                 $result=mysql_query($query);                 while ($row=mysql_fetch_assoc($result))                 {                         $arr[]=$row;                 }                 $f = 'mysql';                 $memcache->add($key,serialize($arr),0,30);                 $data = $arr ; } else{         $f = 'memcache';         $data_mem=$memcache->get($key);         $data = unserialize($data_mem); } echo $f; echo " "; echo "$key"; echo " "; //print_r($data); foreach($data as $a) {                 echo "number is $a[id]";                 echo " ";                 echo "name is $a[name]";                 echo " "; } ?>

4、 访问页面
mysql表示：因为php进程会向memcached中取数据，但是memcached是空的，所以memcached会向mysql数据库中取数据。


第二次访问，显示的是memcache，表示数据是从memcached读取的，而非mysql数据的

失效时间为60秒，在60秒内取相同的数据都是从memcached取的而非mysql。
另外一种方式就是telnet客户端登陆memcached；如下

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[iyunv@memcached ~]# telnet localhost 11211 Trying ::1... Connected to localhost. Escape character is '^]'. get f2384e2682c0f204085a5b6326950ca5 #查看key对应的value VALUE f2384e2682c0f204085a5b6326950ca5 0 448 a:9:{i:0;a:2:{s:2:"id";s:1:"1";s:4:"name";s:3:"tom";}i:1;a:2:{s:2:"id";s:1:"2";s:4:"name";s:3:"jim";}i:2;a:2:{s:2:"id";s:1:"3";s:4:"name";s:3:"abc";}i:3;a:2:{s:2:"id";s:1:"4";s:4:"name";s:3:"cde";}i:4;a:2:{s:2:"id";s:1:"5";s:4:"name";s:3:"fgh";}i:5;a:2:{s:2:"id";s:1:"6";s:4:"name";s:4:"test";}i:6;a:2:{s:2:"id";s:1:"7";s:4:"name";s:6:"test01";}i:7;a:2:{s:2:"id";s:1:"8";s:4:"name";s:6:"test02";}i:8;a:2:{s:2:"id";s:1:"9";s:4:"name";s:6:"test03";}} END delete f2384e2682c0f204085a5b6326950ca5 #删除key DELETED get f2384e2682c0f204085a5b6326950ca5  #再次取值为空 END