PXE无人值守安装Linux操作系统

bnhk

1.安装vsftpd 并启动服务，默认允许匿名访问与下载：
yum -y install vsftpd
或者： rpm -ivh vsftpd-*

将光盘挂载到/mnt,复制文件到pub目录，并创建目录/var/ftp/ks准备用于存放ks.cfg文件。
[iyunv@localhost ]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt
[iyunv@localhost ]# cd /var/ftp/pub

[iyunv@localhost ]# cp -r /mnt/* .
[iyunv@localhost ftp]# mkdir ks
[iyunv@localhost ftp]#

开机启动服务：
[iyunv@localhost Packages]# chkconfig vsftpd on
查看服务启动级别：

[iyunv@localhost Packages]# chkconfig --list vsftpd
vsftpd 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
启动服务：
[iyunv@localhost Packages]# /etc/init.d/vsftpd start
Starting vsftpd for vsftpd: [ OK ]
查看服务状态：
[iyunv@localhost Packages]# /etc/init.d/vsftpd status
vsftpd (pid 24749) is running...
关闭防火墙：
[iyunv@localhost Packages]# /etc/init.d/iptables stop
iptables: Flushing firewall rules: [ OK ]
iptables: Setting chains to policy ACCEPT: filter [ OK ]
iptables: Unloading modules: [ OK ]

2.安装tftp服务器，并启动服务：
[iyunv@localhost Packages]# yum -y install tftp-server
修改tftp配置文件 ：
vim /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
文件内容：
service tftp
{
socket_type = dgram
protocol = udp
wait = yes
user = root
server = /usr/sbin/in.tftpd
server_args = -s /var/lib/tftpboot
disable = no
per_source = 11
cps = 100 2
flags = IPv4
}
开机启动：
[iyunv@localhost Packages]# chkconfig tftp on
启动服务：
[iyunv@localhost Packages]# service xinetd start
Starting xinetd: [ OK ]
[iyunv@localhost Packages]#

复制引导文件到tftp工作目录：
[iyunv@localhost ~]# cd /var/lib/tftpboot/
[iyunv@localhost tftpboot]# mkdir pxelinux.cfg
[iyunv@localhost tftpboot]# cp /usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0 .
如果没有找到syslinux目录，说明没有安装syslinux:
yum install syslinux

[iyunv@localhost tftpboot]# cp /var/ftp/pub/isolinux/isolinux.cfg pxelinux.cfg/default
[iyunv@localhost tftpboot]# cp /var/ftp/pub/isolinux/vmlinuz .
[iyunv@localhost tftpboot]# cp /var/ftp/pub/isolinux/initrd.img .
[iyunv@localhost tftpboot]# ll
total 33088
-r--r--r--. 1 root root 30063052 Oct 24 20:26 initrd.img
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 16794 Oct 24 20:24 pxelinux.0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Oct 24 20:24 pxelinux.cfg
-r-xr-xr-x. 1 root root 3791744 Oct 24 20:26 vmlinuz
[iyunv@localhost tftpboot]# ll pxelinux.cfg/default
-r--r--r--. 1 root root 954 Oct 24 20:24 pxelinux.cfg/default
[iyunv@localhost tftpboot]# chmod 644 pxelinux.cfg/default

3.安装dhcp服务器：

yum -y install dhcp

[iyunv@localhost tftpboot]# cp /usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.1.1/dhcpd.conf.sample /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
cp: overwrite `/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf'? y
[iyunv@localhost tftpboot]# vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
range 192.168.1.20 192.168.1.30;
option routers 192.168.1.1;
filename "pxelinux.0"; #pxelinux boot loader文件位置
next-server 192.168.1.10 #tftp服务器地址
default-lease-time 600;
max-lease-time 7200;
}

[iyunv@localhost tftpboot]# /etc/init.d/dhcpd start
Starting dhcpd: [ OK ]
[iyunv@localhost tftpboot]# chkconfig dhcpd on
[iyunv@localhost tftpboot]#

4.安装system-config-kickstart包，通过图形界面配置ks.cfg启动文件：

[iyunv@localhost tftpboot]# yum -y install system-config-kickstart
在图形界面启动kickstart:

选择Aplications > System tools >Kickstart
或：打开终端: system-config-kickstart


设置boot分区200MB ,SWAP分区设置内存的2倍,其他给根分区：





将生成的ks.cfg文件保存到/var/ftp/ks目录下



修改/var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default文件
vim /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default


default ks
#prompt 1
timeout 600

display boot.msg

menu background splash.jpg
menu title Welcome to Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.0!
menu color border 0 #ffffffff #00000000
menu color sel 7 #ffffffff #ff000000
menu color title 0 #ffffffff #00000000
menu color tabmsg 0 #ffffffff #00000000
menu color unsel 0 #ffffffff #00000000
menu color hotsel 0 #ff000000 #ffffffff
menu color hotkey 7 #ffffffff #ff000000
menu color scrollbar 0 #ffffffff #00000000

label ks
menu default
kernel vmlinuz
menu label Install system with ^basic video driver
append ks=ftp://192.168.1.10/ks/ks.cfg initrd=initrd.img xdriver=vesa nomodeset

5.关掉防火墙:
/etc/inid.d/iptables stop
chkconfig iptables off

6.打开客户机开始安装：
从网络启动,自动化完成安装：



7.结束。。