cacti及其相关插件的安装

leng

cacti是什么？
1. cacti是用php语言实现的一个软件，它的主要功能是用snmp服务获取数据，然后用rrdtool储存和更新数据，当用户需要查看数据的时候用rrdtool生成图表呈现给用户。因此，snmp和rrdtool是cacti的关键。Snmp关系着数据的收集，rrdtool关系着数据存储和图表的生成。

2. Mysql配合PHP程序存储一些变量数据并对变量数据进行调用，如：主机名、主机ip、snmp团体名、端口号、模板信息等变量。

3. snmp抓到数据不是存储在mysql中，而是存在rrdtool生成的rrd文件中（在cacti根目录的rra文件夹下）。rrdtool对数据的更新和存储就是对rrd文件的处理，rrd文件是大小固定的档案文件（Round Robin Archive），它能够存储的数据笔数在创建时就已经定义。

cacti的工作流程可以用下图表示：



cacti的安装：
配置本地yum
[iyunv@cacti ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/rhel-debuginfo.repo
[rhel-Server]
name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server
baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom/Server
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///mnt/cdrom/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release


[iyunv@cacti ~]# mkdir /mnt/cdrom
[iyunv@cacti ~]# mount /dev/cdrom/mnt/cdrom/
mount: block device /dev/cdrom iswrite-protected, mounting read-only

[iyunv@cacti ~]# yum install httpd php php-mysql php-snmp mysql-serverperl-DBD-MySQL php-pdo net-snmp net-snmp-libs net-snmp-utils net-snmp-develruby –y

[iyunv@cacti ~]# service httpd start
[iyunv@cacti ~]# chkconfig httpd on

[iyunv@cacti ~]# service mysqld start
[iyunv@cacti ~]# chkconfig mysqld on

[iyunv@cacti ~]# mysqladmin -u root -ppassword '123'

[iyunv@cacti ~]# mysql -u root –p
mysql> CREATE DATABASE cacti;
mysql> grant all privileges on cacti.* to cacti@localhostidentified by 'cacti';
mysql> grant all privileges on cacti.* to cacti@127.0.0.1identified by 'cacti';
mysql> grant all privileges on cacti.* tocacti@192.168.2.0 identified by 'cacti';
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> quit

上传需要用的软件

软件资料下载地址http://down./data/994246
cacti-0.8.7g.tar.gz cacti的主程序
cacti-plugin-0.8.7g-PA-v2.8.tar.gz 插件管理器
feition.tar.bz2 用于飞信报警的程序
monitor-latest.tgz 实现只管监测的插件
sendMsg.zip 发送MSN消息的应用
settings-latest.tgz 增强功能的插件，例如发送电子邮件
thold-latest.tgz 实现达到预值告警的插件


[iyunv@cacti software]# yum localinstallrrdtool* --nogpgcheck –y

安装cacti的主程序
[iyunv@cacti software]# tar -zxvf cacti-0.8.7g.tar.gz -C /var/www/html/
[iyunv@cacti software]# cd /var/www/html/
[iyunv@cacti html]# mv cacti-0.8.7g/ cacti

[iyunv@cacti html]# service snmpd start
[iyunv@cacti html]# chkconfig snmpd on
[iyunv@cacti html]# vim /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf
添加一行view systemview included .1.3.6.1.2.1.25.1.6 /////使能监控tcp流量


编辑计划任务
[iyunv@cacti html]# crontab -e
*/5 * * * * php/var/www/html/cacti/poller.php >/dev/null 2>&1

导入数据库
[iyunv@cacti html]# mysql -u root -p cacti
编辑cacti连接数据库的文件
[iyunv@cacti html]# vim cacti/include/config.php
29 $database_username = "cacti";
30 $database_password = "cacti";

新建一个用户cacti，口令也为cacti
[iyunv@cacti html]# useradd cacti
[iyunv@cacti html]# passwd cacti

[iyunv@cacti html]# cd cacti/
[iyunv@cacti cacti]# chown -R cacti rra log

此时就可以通过页面登录cacti了，用户和口令都为admin








实现对apache的监控
[iyunv@cacti software]# cd ApacheStats_0.8.2/
[iyunv@cacti ApacheStats_0.8.2]#ll
total 116
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 102879 Oct 27 18:51 cacti_host_template_webserver_-_apache.xml
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4108 Oct 27 18:51 ss_apache_stats.php
[iyunv@cacti ApacheStats_0.8.2]#cp ss_apache_stats.php /var/www/html/cacti/scripts/
[iyunv@cacti ApacheStats_0.8.2]#chown 1000:users /var/www/html/cacti/scripts/ss_apache_stats.php

cacti_host_template_webserver_-_apache.xml 为下面要导入的模版文件


通过控制台导入模版






修改apache的配置文件
[iyunv@cacti ApacheStats_0.8.2]#cd
[iyunv@cacti ~]# vim/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

217 ExtendedStatus On /////打开这一行

903 #
904 # SetHandler server-status
905 # Order deny,allow
906 # Deny from all
907 # Allow from .example.com
908 #
909
910 SetHandler server-status
911 Order deny,allow
912 Deny from all
913 Allow from all
914
将apache重启
[iyunv@cacti ~]# service httpd restart


在安装插件之前要先安装插件管理器
[iyunv@cacti cacti]# cd /root/software/
[iyunv@cacti software]# tar -zxvf cacti-plugin-0.8.7g-PA-v2.8.tar.gz
[iyunv@cacti software]# cp -R cacti-plugin-arch/* /var/www/html/cacti/
[iyunv@cacti software]# cd /var/www/html/cacti/
[iyunv@cacti cacti]# mysql -u root -pcacti<pa.sql[ font][="" color][="" p][p="28," null,="" left][iyunv@cacti" cacti]#="" patch="" -p1="" -n

安装插件
[iyunv@cacti cacti]# cd /root/software/
[iyunv@cacti software]# tar -zxvf monitor-latest.tgz
[iyunv@cacti software]# tar -zxvf settings-latest.tgz
[iyunv@cacti software]# tar -zxvf thold-latest.tgz
[iyunv@cacti software]# mv monitor-0.9/ /var/www/html/cacti/plugins/monitor
[iyunv@cacti software]# mv settings-0.6/ /var/www/html/cacti/plugins/settings
[iyunv@cacti software]# mv thold-0.41/ /var/www/html/cacti/plugins/thold

在控制台启用插件




配置支持发送msn消息
[iyunv@cacti software]# unzip sendMsg.zip
[iyunv@cacti software]# mv sendMsg/ var/www/html/

[iyunv@cacti software]# vim /var/www/html/cacti/plugins/thold/thold_functions.php
添加下面这两行
560 exec("echo $subject>>/var/www/html/cacti/plugins/thold/alert.log");
561 exec("sh /var/www/html/cacti/plugins/thold/sendmessage.sh");

编写个sendmessage.sh脚本，在/var/www/html/cacti/plugins/thold/这个目录下（实现自动发送）
[iyunv@cacti software]# vim /var/www/html/cacti/plugins/thold/sendmessage.sh
脚本内容

#!/bin/sh
echo `echo -n"date:"&&date +%Y-%m-%d-%H:%M` >>/var/www/html/sendMsg/msn.txt.1
cat /var/www/html/cacti/plugins/thold/alert.log>>/var/www/html/sendMsg/msn.txt.1
now=`date +%Y-%m-%d-%H:%M`
SA=(test)
msnaddr=(接收信息的帐号)
sendMsg()
{
num=0
while [ $num -lt 1 ];
do
wget ?post-data"sender=发送信息的帐号&password=密码&recipient=${1}&message=${2}"http://127.0.0.1/sendMsg/index.php -O /var/www/html/sendMsg/index.php.1>/dev/null 2>&1
if [ -f /var/www/html/sendMsg/index.php.1]; then
if cat /var/www/html/sendMsg/index.php.1|grep -i successfully >/dev/null 2>&1;then
num=1
elif cat /var/www/html/sendMsg/index.php.1|grep -i "The user appears to be offline" >/dev/null2>&1;then
num=1
echo "The user is offline."
exit 0
elif cat /var/www/html/sendMsg/index.php.1 |grep-i "Something went wrong trying to connect to the server">/dev/null 2>&1;then
num=1
echo "MSN server is online."
exit 0
else
num=0
fi
rm -f /var/www/html/sendMsg/index.php.1
else
num=0
fi
done
}
mv /var/www/html/sendMsg/msn.txt/var/www/html/sendMsg/bak/msn$now.txt -f 1>/dev/null 2>&1
mv /var/www/html/sendMsg/msn.txt.1/var/www/html/sendMsg/msn.txt -f 1>/dev/null 2>&1
rm /var/www/html/cacti/plugins/thold/alert.log -f 1>/dev/null 2>&1
for i in 0
do
if cat /var/www/html/sendMsg/msn.txt ; then
messages=`cat /var/www/html/sendMsg/msn.txt`
sendMsg "${msnaddr[$i]}""$messages"
else
continue
fi
done


配置支持飞信报警
[iyunv@cacti software]# tar -jxvf feition.tar.bz2
[iyunv@cacti software]# mkdir -pv /var/www/html/sendsms/linuxso
[iyunv@cacti software]# cp linuxso_20101113/* /lib/
[iyunv@cacti software]# mv linuxso_20101113/* /var/www/html/sendsms/linuxso/
[iyunv@cacti software]# vim /var/www/html/cacti/plugins/thold/thold_functions.php
添加这两行
562 exec("echo $subject>>/var/www/html/cacti/plugins/thold/alert.log");
563 exec("/var/www/html/cacti/plugins/thold/sendsms.sh");

[iyunv@cacti software]# vim /var/www/html/cacti/plugins/thold/sendsms.sh
#!/bin/sh
#send sms by fetion
#Write by pingsun2010@hotmail.com
if [ ! -e"/var/www/html/cacti/plugins/thold/alert.log" ];then
echo "Usage:alert.log does notexist"
exit
fi
if [ -n "`cat/var/www/html/cacti/plugins/thold/alert.log`" ]; then
admin="接收信息的帐号?
echo "sms $admin "`cat /var/www/html/cacti/plugins/thold/alert.log`>>/var/www/html/cacti/plugins/thold/sms.txt
echo "exit" >>/var/www/html/cacti/plugins/thold/sms.txt
else
echo "Usage:no alert"
exit
fi
if [ -n "`cat/var/www/html/cacti/plugins/thold/sms.txt`" ] ;then LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/var/www/html/sendsms/linuxso/var/www/html/sendsms/linuxso/fetion --mobile=发送信息的账户 --pwd=密码 --to=$admin --file-utf8=/var/www/html/cacti/plugins/thold/sms.txt
rm -f /var/www/html/cacti/plugins/thold/sms.txt 1>/dev/null 2>&1
rm -f /var/www/html/cacti/plugins/thold/alert.log 1>/dev/null 2>&1
else
echo "Usgae:no message to send"
exit
fi

[iyunv@cacti thold]# chmod a+x send*
给新建的脚本添加可执行权限

vim /var/www/html/cacti/plugins/thold/alert.log
随便写点儿内容，当飞信程序执行的时候会自动删除里面的内容
可以新建alert.log以及sms.txt,其中在alert.log中添加一个内容。然后手工运行脚本进行测试，需要保证本机能正常接入互联网。

目前cacti的环境已经搭建完成，cacti的使用还需要好好学习……

杨叔叔

看帖回帖是美德！:lol

zhouying23

内练一口气，外练一口屁。

457475451

在一辆拥挤的公车上，一位女郎忽然叫了起来：别挤啦！别挤啦！把人家的奶都挤出来啦！（她拿着酸奶呢）。

gmdzxx

如果回帖是一种美德，那我早就成为圣人了!

yanghongjun

我的id是假冒的，大家不要相信我是骗子。

banbanbai

好好 学习了 确实不错