CentOS系统基于网络的PXE+Kickstart无人值守批量安装操作系统(二)

ikjjty656r

一、实验环境

系统平台：CentOS release 6.4 ，yum源服务器

二、准备工作

挂载CentOS 6.4镜像源

[TZ@localhost 桌面]$ sudo su - root

[iyunv@localhost ~]# mount -o loop /usr/local/src/CentOS-6.4-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso /mnt/cdrom

[iyunv@localhost ~]#

三、安装配置HTTP

安装并配置HTTP

[TZ@localhost 桌面]$ sudo su - root

[iyunv@localhost ~]# yum -y install httpd

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

base                                                     | 4.0 kB     00:00 ...

Setting up Install Process

Package httpd-2.2.15-26.el6.centos.x86_64 already installed and latest version

Nothing to do

[iyunv@localhost ~]#

启动http服务

[TZ@localhost 桌面]$ sudo su - root

[iyunv@localhost ~]# service httpd start

正在启动 httpd：

[iyunv@localhost ~]# service httpd status

httpd (pid  4203) 正在运行...

[iyunv@localhost ~]#

在/var/www/html/ 下创建cdrom目录，并复制/mnt/cdrom/目录下光盘全部内容至http 的根目录/var/www/html/cdrom/下

[TZ@localhost 桌面]$ sudo su - root

[iyunv@localhost ~]# mkdir /var/www/html/cdrom

[iyunv@localhost ~]#sudo cp -rf  /mnt/cdrom/* /var/www/html/cdrom

[iyunv@localhost ~]#

四、安装配置TFTP

[TZ@localhost 桌面]$ sudo su - root

[iyunv@localhost ~]# yum -y install tftp

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

Setting up Install Process

Resolving Dependencies

--> Running transaction check

---> Package tftp.x86_64 0:0.49-7.el6 will be installed

--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

================================================================================

Package         Arch              Version                Repository       Size

================================================================================

Installing:

tftp            x86_64            0.49-7.el6             base             32 k

Transaction Summary

================================================================================

Install       1 Package(s)

Total download size: 32 k

Installed size: 45 k

Downloading Packages:

Running rpm_check_debug

Running Transaction Test

Transaction Test Succeeded

Running Transaction

  Installing : tftp-0.49-7.el6.x86_64                                       1/1

  Verifying  : tftp-0.49-7.el6.x86_64                                       1/1

Installed:

tftp.x86_64 0:0.49-7.el6                                                      

Complete!

[iyunv@localhost ~]#

编辑tftp配置文件

[TZ@localhost xinetd.d]$ sudo gedit tftp

service tftp

{

        socket_type             = dgram

        protocol                = udp

        wait                    = yes

        user                    = root

        server                  = /usr/sbin/in.tftpd

        server_args             = -s /var/lib/tftpboot

        disable                 = no

        per_source              = 11

        cps                     = 100 2

        flags                   = IPv4

}

将disable 设置为no

启动tftp服务

因为tftp服务是挂载在超级进程xinetd 下的，所以通过启动xinetd 来启动tftp服务

# /etc/init.d/xinetd restart[TZ@localhost 桌面]$ sudo su - root

[iyunv@localhost ~]# service xinetd start

正在启动 xinetd：

[iyunv@localhost ~]# service xinetd status

xinetd (pid  2591) 正在运行...

[iyunv@localhost ~]#

五、配置支持PXE的启动程序

复制pxelinux.0 文件至/var/lib/tftpboot/ 文件夹中

[iyunv@localhost ~]#sudo cp /usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0 /var/lib/tftpboot/

复制iso 镜像中的/image/pxeboot/initrd.img 和vmlinux 至/var/lib/tftpboot/ 文件夹中

[iyunv@localhost ~]#sudo cp /var/www/html/cdrom/images/pxeboot/{initrd.img,vmlinuz} /var/lib/tftpboot/

复制iso 镜像中的/isolinux/*.msg 至/var/lib/tftpboot/ 文件夹中

[iyunv@localhost ~]#sudo cp /var/www/html/cdrom/isolinux/*.msg /var/lib/tftpboot/

在/var/lib/tftpboot/ 中新建一个pxelinux.cfg目录

[iyunv@localhost ~]# mkdir  /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg

将iso 镜像中的/isolinux 目录中的isolinux.cfg复制到pxelinux.cfg目录中，同时更改文件名称为default

[iyunv@localhost ~]#sudo cp /var/www/html/cdrom/isolinux/isolinux.cfg  /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default

修改default文件

[iyunv@localhost ~]# sudo geidt /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default

default ks 　　　　

prompt 1         

timeout 6 　　　　

display boot.msg  

F1 boot.msg 　　　

F2 options.msg

F3 general.msg

F4 param.msg

F5 rescue.msg

label linux      

  kernel vmlinuz  

  append initrd=initrd.img

label text

  kernel vmlinuz

  append initrd=initrd.img text

label ks

  kernel vmlinuz

  append ks=http://192.168.0.1/ks.cfg initrd=initrd.img   

label local

  localboot 1

label memtest86

  kernel memtest

  append -

六、配置DHCP

安装DHCP服务

[TZ@localhost 桌面]$ sudo su - root

[iyunv@localhost ~]# yum -y install dhcp

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

Setting up Install Process

Package 12:dhcp-4.1.1-34.P1.el6.centos.x86_64 already installed and latest version

Nothing to do

[iyunv@localhost ~]#

修改/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf 配置文件

[TZ@localhost dhcp]$ sudo gedit dhcpd.conf

ddns-update-style interim;

allow booting;                                         #定义能够PXE启动

allow bootp;                                            #定义支持bootp

next-server 192.168.0.1;                           #TFTP Server的IP地址

filename "pxelinux.0";                               #bootstrap 文件(NBP)

ping-check true;

default-lease-time 1800;

max-lease-time 7200;

option domain-name-servers 192.168.0.1;

subnet 192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0

{

range 192.168.0.128 192.168.0.220;

option routers 192.168.0.1;

option broadcast-address 192.168.0.255;

}

启动DHCP服务

[iyunv@localhost ~]# service dhcpd start

正在启动 dhcpd：

[iyunv@localhost ~]# service dhcpd status

dhcpd (pid  2595) 正在运行...

[iyunv@localhost ~]#

七、生成ks.cfg 文件

安装Kickstart

[iyunv@localhost ~]# yum -y install system-config-kickstart

[TZ@localhost 桌面]$ sudo su - root

[iyunv@localhost ~]# yum -y install system-config-kickstart

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

Setting up Install Process

Package system-config-kickstart-2.8.6.5-1.el6.noarch already installed and latest version

Nothing to do

[iyunv@localhost ~]#

在桌面环境下配置Kickstart

生成ks.cfg 文件，保存在/var/www/html/ 文件夹下

                                         

可以打开/var/www/html/ks.cfg 文件进行查看并进行修改

[TZ@localhost 桌面]$ sudo gedit /var/www/html/ks.cfg

platform=x86, AMD64, 或 Intel EM64T

#version=DEVEL

# Firewall configuration

firewall --disabled

# Install OS instead of upgrade

install

# Use network installation

url --url=http://192.168.0.1/cdrom/

# Root password

rootpw --iscrypted $1$zqY6f769$q0FMjKGSjK4J81Q3/Vims/

# System authorization information

auth  --useshadow  --passalgo=sha512

# Use graphical install

graphical

firstboot --disable

# System keyboard

keyboard us

# System language

lang en_US

# SELinux configuration

selinux --disabled

# Installation logging level

logging --level=info

# Reboot after installation

reboot

# System timezone

timezone  Asia/Shanghai

# Network information

network  --bootproto=dhcp --device=eth0 --onboot=on

# System bootloader configuration

bootloader --location=mbr

# Clear the Master Boot Record

zerombr

# Partition clearing information

clearpart --all --initlabel

# Disk partitioning information

part / --fstype="ext4" --size=8000

part /boot --fstype="ext4" --size=8000

part swap --fstype="ext4" --size=8000

part /data --fstype="ext4" --size=1

%packages

@basic-desktop

@chinese-support

@debugging

@desktop-debugging

@desktop-platform

@development

@fonts

@general-desktop

@graphical-admin-tools

@graphics

@input-methods

@internet-applications

@internet-browser

@kde-desktop

@legacy-x

@network-tools

@office-suite

@performance

@print-client

@remote-desktop-clients

@security-tools

@system-admin-tools

@system-management

@web-server

@web-servlet

@x11

crypto-utils

%end

八、测试安装