PXE DHCP TFTP NFS自动化部署Linux系统

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1、安装准备工作

内核、根文件系统存放目录	系统文件存放目录	ks文件存放目录
/tftpboot/系统名/	/pxe/iso/系统名/	/pxe/ks/系统名/

mkdir  -p /tftpboot/{redhat6.6,centos6.5,pxelinux.cfg}

mkdir -p /pxe/iso/centos6.5 /pxe/iso/redhat6.6

mkdir -p /pxe/ks/centos6.5 /pxe/ks/redhat6.6

mount -o loop /iso/CentOS6.5_X86.iso /pxe/iso/centos6.5/

mount -o loop /iso/Redhat6.6_X86.iso /pxe/iso/redhat6.6/

2、安装DHCP、TFTP、NFS
yum -y install dhcp* nfs* tftp*

3、配置DHCP
vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

allow booting;
allow bootp;
ignore client-updates;
option routers 172.16.1.254;
option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
subnet 172.16.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0{
        range 172.16.1.150 172.16.1.200;
        next-server 172.16.1.254;
        filename "pxelinux.0";
}

vim /etc/rc.d/init.d/dhcpd
将user=dhcpd、group=dhcpd改为user=root、group=root

chkconfig dhcpd on
service dhcpd start

4、配置NFS
vi  /etc/exports

/pxe/iso/centos6.5 *(rw,sync)
/pxe/ks/centos6.5 *(rw,sync)
/pxe/iso/redhat6.6 *(rw,sync)
/pxe/ks/redhat6.6 *(rw,sync)

chkconfig nfs on
service nfs start

5、配置TFTP
vim /etc/xinetd.d/tftp

service tftp
{
socket_type= dgram
protocol= udp
wait= yes
user= root
server= /usr/sbin/in.tftpd
server_args= -s /tftpboot
disable= no
per_source= 11
cps= 100 2
flags= IPv4
}
chkconfig xinetd on
service xinetd start

通用配置引导文件、配置文件  
cd  /tftpboot  
cp /usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0 ./
cp /pxe/iso/centos6.5/isolinux/isolinux.cfg /tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default

差异配置内核文件、根文件系统文件
cp /pxe/iso/centos6.5/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz /pxe/iso/centos6.5/images/pxeboot/initrd.img /tftpboot/centos6.5/
cp  /pxe/iso/redhat6.6/images/pxeboot/{vmlinuz,initrd.img}   /tftpboot/redhat6.6/

6、在/tftpboot目录下新建boot.msg文件
vim /tftpboot/boot.msg
################################################################
Please select system:
redhat6.6
centos6.5
################################################################

7、修改配置文件
vim /tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default

timeout 60

display boot.msg

label redhat6.6
kernel redhat6.6/vmlinuz
append ks=nfs:172.16.1.254:/pxe/ks/redhat6.6/ks.cfg ksdevice=eth0 initrd=redhat6.6/initrd.img
label centos6.5
kernel centos6.5/vmlinuz
append ks=nfs:172.16.1.254:/pxe/ks/centos6.5/ks.cfg ksdevice=eth0 initrd=centos6.5/initrd.img

label vesa
  menu label Install system with ^basic video driver
  kernel vmlinuz
  append initrd=initrd.img xdriver=vesa nomodeset
label rescue
  menu label ^Rescue installed system
  kernel vmlinuz
  append initrd=initrd.img rescue
label local
  menu label Boot from ^local drive
  localboot 0xffff
label memtest86
  menu label ^Memory test
  kernel memtest
  append


8、生成ks.cfg文件
#platform=x86, AMD64, or Intel EM64T
#version=DEVEL
# Firewall configuration
firewall --disabled
# Install OS instead of upgrade
install
# Use NFS installation media
nfs --server=172.16.1.254 --dir=/pxe/iso/centos6.5
# Root password
rootpw --iscrypted $1$OpOihMEn$H4fb.ML21Qxq1BeVJB/Fr0
# System authorization information
auth  --useshadow  --passalgo=sha512
# Use graphical install
graphical
firstboot --disable
# System keyboard
keyboard us
# System language
lang en_US
# SELinux configuration
selinux --disabled
# Installation logging level
logging --level=info
# Reboot after installation
reboot
# System timezone
timezone  Africa/Abidjan
# System bootloader configuration
bootloader --location=mbr
# Clear the Master Boot Record
zerombr
# Partition clearing information
clearpart --all --initlabel
# Disk partitioning information
part /boot --asprimary --fstype="ext4" --size=1024
part swap --asprimary --fstype="swap" --size=1024
part / --asprimary --fstype="ext4" --grow --size=1

%packages
@base

%end

9、客户端测试