引言:DELL 11代服务器,如R410、R510、R610、R710,都默认配置有DELL的远程管理卡Express版,该版本远程管理卡的功能虽然有限,但是它的远程关机、开机、重启、抓取硬件报错信息的功能,却对我们的运维工作十分有用。下面就简要介绍一下它的使用。
注:iDRAC的出厂IP地址默认为:192.168.0.120,子网掩码:255.255.255.0。网关:192.168.0.1,用户名:root,密码:calvin
a) 开机服务器等它BIOS自检至这里:
b) 点击Ctrl+E,进入iDRAC配置界面,光标到“LAN Parameters”:
c) 回车进去之后,配置iDRAC的IP:
d) ESC至主界面,光标至“LAN User Configuration”:
e) 回车进去配置密码:
注:如果这里不进行密码配置,那么该root帐户的密码是calvin
f) ESC退出并保存iDRAC配置:
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2、通过OpenManage远程配置iDRAC
a) 配置IP地址:
在操作系统下安装Openmanage,然后WEB界面登陆进去,按照图示进行操作就行了:
SSH2连接一下:
a) WEB方式:
注:这种方法可以在不安装Openmanage,且事先配置好iDRAC,在不关机的状态下对iDRAC的配置进行更改。
IP配置:
用户配置:
b) 命令方式:
SSH连接进去之后,输入如下命令配置IP地址:
/admin1-> racadm config -g cfgLanNetworking -o cfgNicIpAddress 1.1.1.111
/admin1-> racadm config -g cfgLanNetworking -o cfgNicNetmask 255.255.255.0
/admin1-> racadm config -g cfgLanNetworking -o cfgNicGateway 1.1.1.110
/admin1-> racadm config -g cfgLanNetworking -o cfgDNSServer1 1.1.1.110
或者
/admin1-> racadm setniccfg -s 1.1.1.111 255.255.255.0 1.1.1.110
Static IP configuration enabled and modified successfully
/admin1->
输入如下命令查看一个用户名是否被占用:
格式:racadm getconfig -u <username>,举例,查看是否有“111”用户:
/admin1-> racadm getconfig -u 111
# cfgUserAdminIndex=2
cfgUserAdminUserName=111
# cfgUserAdminPassword=******** (Write-Only)
cfgUserAdminEnable=1
cfgUserAdminPrivilege=0x000001ff
cfgUserAdminIpmiLanPrivilege=4
cfgUserAdminIpmiSerialPrivilege=4
cfgUserAdminSolEnable=1
或者,iDRAC能够储存16个用户信息,使用如下命令逐一查询:
格式:racadm getconfig -g cfgUserAdmin -i <index>,举例查看第二条用户记录是什么:
/admin1-> racadm getconfig -g cfgUserAdmin -i 2
# cfgUserAdminIndex=2
cfgUserAdminUserName=111
# cfgUserAdminPassword=******** (Write-Only)
cfgUserAdminEnable=1
cfgUserAdminPrivilege=0x000001ff
cfgUserAdminIpmiLanPrivilege=4
cfgUserAdminIpmiSerialPrivilege=4
cfgUserAdminSolEnable=1
下面举例创建一个叫john,密码为123456的管理员帐户到第三个(index号)iDRAC用户记录:
/admin1-> racadm config -g cfgUserAdmin -o cfgUserAdminUserName -i 3 john
Object value modified successfully
/admin1-> racadm config -g cfgUserAdmin -o cfgUserAdminPassword -i 3 123456
Object value modified successfully
/admin1-> racadm config -g cfgUserAdmin -i 3 -o cfgUserAdminPrivilege 0x000001ff
Object value modified successfully
/admin1-> racadm config -g cfgUserAdmin -i 3 -o cfgUserAdminIpmiLanPrivilege 4
Object value modified successfully
/admin1-> racadm config -g cfgUserAdmin -i 3 -o cfgUserAdminIpmiSerialPrivilege 4
Object value modified successfully
/admin1-> racadm config -g cfgUserAdmin -i 3 -o cfgUserAdminSolEnable 1
Object value modified successfully
/admin1-> racadm config -g cfgUserAdmin -i 3 -o cfgUserAdminEnable 1
Object value modified successfully
/admin1->
删用户的命令格式:
racadm config -g cfgUserAdmin -o cfgUserAdminUserName -i <index> ""
举例删除上面创建的john用户:
/admin1-> racadm config -g cfgUserAdmin -o cfgUserAdminUserName -i 3 ""
Object value modified successfully
/admin1->
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二、 iDRAC Express 使用简要
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1. WEB管理方式:
a) 在同网段的终端机的浏览器中输入https://<iDRAC-IPv4-address>,回车后出现如下界面:
b) 输入用户名和密码后:
c) 点击“系统详情”:
d) 下面再来看看它的“电源控制”,如下图所示,该功能分5项:
1) 打开系统电源:就相当于捅了一下服务器的开机按钮。
2) 关闭系统电源:就相当于拔电源线,或开机状态下长按开机键强行关机。
3) NMI(非屏蔽中断):挂起操作系统,该功能对windows生效,而对Suse Linux Enterprise Server 10 SP3 x64无效。下图是,给操作系统为Windows 2003的服务器执行NMI命令后的屏幕截图:
4) 正常关机,相当于在系统里面发出关机命令,这个是有操作系统兼容列表的。。。
5) 重设系统(温引导):强行关机再开机
6) 系统关机后再开机(冷引导):相当于在系统里面发出重启命令(reboot)。
e) 日志:
注:只要服务器连接有交流电,不管它是不是开机状态,都可以通过iDRAC查看硬件日志。
f) 电子邮件警报设置:
输入我的邮箱地址:XXX@xxx.cn,从Foxmail上看到,邮箱的SMTP服务器为:mail.xxx.cn,在CMD中PING一下,解析为:x.x.x.x,填进去,点页面右下角的“应用”:
g) 点一下电子邮箱警报1后面的“发送”,邮件就来了(前提条件是给iDRAC配置好公网IP):
h) 邮箱设置好了以后,再打开开警报,在“系统”>>“警 报”>>“平台事件”>>“平台事件筛选配置”>>点“已启用”>>右下角“应用”。这台机器配置的是 双电源,我反复拔插其中一个电源的电源线。然后,邮箱里面就收到了告警的邮件。
i) 陷阱设置—通过SNMP跟ITA配合使用:
j) 电池:
k) 风扇:
l) 侵入:
m) 电源设备:
n) 温度:
o) 电压:
p) 电源监控:
q) LCD—远程查看机器小液晶面板的显示信息:
a) 再SecureCRT里面新建SSH2连接,到1.1.1.101。输入用户名和密码之后,出现如下提示符:
/admin1->
b) 输入“help”将列出下面的可用命令:
/admin1-> help
[Usage]
show [<options>] [<target>] [<properties>]
[<propertyname>== <propertyvalue>]
set [<options>] [<target>] <propertyname>=<value>
cd [<options>] [<target>]
create [<options>] <target> [<property of new target>=<value>]
[<property of new target>=<value>]
delete [<options>] <target>
exit [<options>]
reset [<options>] [<target>]
start [<options>] [<target>]
stop [<options>] [<target>]
version [<options>]
help [<options>] [<help topics>]
load -source <URI> [<options>] [<target>]
dump -destination <URI> [<options>] [<target>]
/admin1->
c) iDRAC Express的功能中,我们更多关注的是它的服务器重启功能,从手册上查询得知:目标为“admin1/system1”就代表被管理的服务器。
d) 于是运行命令:“/admin1/system1-> reset /admin1/system1”重启一下吧,可以看到这台服务器上运行的windows 2003立马就PING不通了。。。
e) 等一会儿,它就起来了:
f) 关机:
“ /admin1-> stop -f /admin1/system1
g) 开机:
“ /admin1-> start /admin1/system1
/admin1/system1 started at Wed Mar 30 16:34:57 2011”
h) 稍等片刻OK了:
a) 在SSH里面输入“racadm”,显示如下:
/admin1-> racadm
===============================================================================
RACADM version 1.54 (Build 15)
Copyright (c) 2003-2010 Dell, Inc.
All Rights Reserved
===============================================================================
RACADM usage syntax:
racadm <subcommand> <options>
Examples:
racadm getsysinfo
racadm getsysinfo -d
racadm getniccfg
racadm setniccfg -d
racadm setniccfg -s 192.168.0.120 255.255.255.0 192.168.0.1
racadm getconfig -g cfgLanNetworking
Display a list of available subcommands for the RAC:
racadm help
Display more detailed help for a specific subcommand:
racadm help <subcommand>
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/admin1->
b) RACADM的子命令,举例:
/admin1-> racadm ifconfig---------查看网络配置
bond0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 84:2B:2B:FC:FA:EB
inet addr:1.1.1.101 Bcast:1.255.255.255 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: fe80::862b:2bff:fefc:faeb/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MASTER MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:1937778 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:58924 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:130030983 (124.0 MiB) TX bytes:47662032 (45.4 MiB)
eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 84:2B:2B:FC:FA:EB
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:1937843 errors:200 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:1345538 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:16
RX bytes:130034909 (124.0 MiB) TX bytes:106846428 (101.8 MiB)
Interrupt:16
eth2 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 84:2B:2B:FC:FA:EB
UP BROADCAST RUNNING SLAVE MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:1937778 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:58924 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:16
RX bytes:130030983 (124.0 MiB) TX bytes:47662032 (45.4 MiB)
Interrupt:16
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
RX packets:22683 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:22683 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:3026370 (2.8 MiB) TX bytes:3026370 (2.8 MiB)
/admin1-> racadm getractime----显示时间
Fri Apr 1 11:01:27 2011
/admin1-> racadm ping 1.1.1.101----PING命令
PING 1.1.1.101 (1.1.1.101): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 1.1.1.101: seq=0 ttl=64 time=1.169 ms
--- 1.1.1.101 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 packets received, 0 percent packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 1.169/1.169/1.169 ms
c) 开关机命令:
racadm serveraction <action>
这里的<action>可以是powerup, powerdown, powercycle, hardreset, or powerstatus.
/admin1-> racadm serveraction powerstatus
Server power status: ON
/admin1-> racadm serveraction powercycle----强行关机再开机
Server power operation successful
d) getsysinfo
/admin1-> racadm getsysinfo
RAC Information:
RAC Date/Time = 04/01/2011 13:31:58
Firmware Version = 1.54
Firmware Build = 15
Last Firmware Update = 08/26/2010 07:25:47
Hardware Version = 0.01
MAC Address = 84:2b:2b:fc:fa:eb
Common settings:
Register DNS RAC Name = 0
DNS RAC Name = idrac-5R2G23X
Current DNS Domain =
Domain Name from DHCP = 0
IPv4 settings:
Enabled = 1
Current IP Address = 1.1.1.101
Current IP Gateway = 1.1.1.1
Current IP Netmask = 255.0.0.0
DHCP Enabled = 0
Current DNS Server 1 = 0.0.0.0
Current DNS Server 2 = 0.0.0.0
DNS Servers from DHCP = 0
IPv6 settings:
Enabled = 0
Current IP Address 1 = ::
Current IP Gateway = ::
Autoconfig = 1
Link Local IP Address = ::
Current IP Address 2 = ::
Current IP Address 3 = ::
Current IP Address 4 = ::
Current IP Address 5 = ::
Current IP Address 6 = ::
Current IP Address 7 = ::
Current IP Address 8 = ::
Current IP Address 9 = ::
Current IP Address 10 = ::
Current IP Address 11 = ::
Current IP Address 12 = ::
Current IP Address 13 = ::
Current IP Address 14 = ::
Current IP Address 15 = ::
DNS Servers from DHCPv6 = 0
Current DNS Server 1 = ::
Current DNS Server 2 = ::
System Information:
System Model = PowerEdge R610
System Revision = II
System BIOS Version = 2.2.10
Service Tag = 5R2G23X
Host Name = xiaopang
OS Name = Microsoft Windows Server 2003, Enterprise Edition
Power Status = ON
Embedded NIC MAC Addresses:
NIC1 Ethernet = 84:2b:2b:fc:fa:e3
iSCSI = 84:2b:2b:fc:fa:e4
NIC2 Ethernet = 84:2b:2b:fc:fa:e5
iSCSI = 84:2b:2b:fc:fa:e6
NIC3 Ethernet = 84:2b:2b:fc:fa:e7
iSCSI = 84:2b:2b:fc:fa:e8
NIC4 Ethernet = 84:2b:2b:fc:fa:e9
iSCSI = 84:2b:2b:fc:fa:ea
Watchdog Information:
Recovery Action = None
Present countdown value = 15 seconds
Initial countdown value = 15 seconds
e) 获取服务器服务代码:getsvctag
/admin1-> racadm getsvctag
5R2G23X
f) 清日志:
/admin1-> racadm clrraclog
The RAC log was cleared successfully
/admin1-> racadm clrsel
The SEL was cleared successfully
g) 还有其他命令,详见DELL官方文档。。。
注:iDRAC Express 是DELL新机器的标配(免费赠送),但是早期产品如9代机:1950和2950,在采购机器的时候,如果没有额外购买,是没有远程管理功能的,虽然你在BIOS的Ctrl+E里面能配置iDRAC的IP地址。
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