在ubuntu上安装MongoDB 来自mongo官方

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Install MongoDB on Ubuntu


Overview


Use this tutorial to install MongoDB on Ubuntu Linux systems. The tutorial uses .deb packages to install. While Ubuntu includes its own MongoDB packages, the
official MongoDB packages are generally more up-to-date.


NOTE
If you use an older Ubuntu that does not use Upstart (i.e. any version before 9.10 “Karmic”), please follow the instructions on the Install
MongoDB on Debian tutorial.


Packages


The MongoDB package repository contains five packages:

• 
  mongodb-org
  This package is a metapackage that will automatically install the four component packages listed below.
  
• 
  mongodb-org-server
  This package contains the mongod daemon
  and associated configuration and init scripts.
  
• 
  mongodb-org-mongos
  This package contains the mongos daemon.
  
• 
  mongodb-org-shell
  This package contains the mongo shell.
  
• 
  mongodb-org-tools
  This package contains the following MongoDB tools: mongoimport bsondump, mongodump,mongoexport, mongofiles, mongoimport, mongooplog, mongoperf, mongorestore,mongostat,
  and mongotop.
  

Control Scripts


The mongodb-org package includes various control
scripts, including the init script/etc/rc.d/init.d/mongod.
The package configures MongoDB using the /etc/mongod.conf file in conjunction with the control scripts.
As of version 2.6.0, there are no control scripts for mongos.
The mongos process
is used only insharding. You can use the mongod init
script to derive your own mongos control
script.
You cannot install this package concurrently with the mongodb, mongodb-server,
or mongodb-clients packages provided by Ubuntu.


Install MongoDB

1

Import the public key used by the package management system.


The Ubuntu package management tools (i.e. dpkg and apt) ensure
package consistency and authenticity by requiring that distributors sign packages with GPG keys. Issue the following command to import the MongoDB
public GPG Key:

sudo apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 --recv 7F0CEB10



2

Create a list file for MongoDB.


Create the /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mongodb.list list file using the following command:

echo 'deb http://downloads-distro.mongodb.org/repo/ubuntu-upstart dist 10gen' | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mongodb.list



3

Reload local package database.


Issue the following command to reload the local package database:

sudo apt-get update



4

Install the MongoDB packages.


You can install either the latest stable version of MongoDB Enterprise or a specific version of MongoDB Enterprise.

Install the latest stable version of MongoDB Enterprise.


Issue the following command:

sudo apt-get install mongodb-org


Install a specific release of MongoDB Enterprise.


Specify each component package individually and append the version number to the package name, as in the following example that installs the 2.6.1 release of
MongoDB:

apt-get install mongodb-org=2.6.1 mongodb-org-server=2.6.1 mongodb-org-shell=2.6.1 mongodb-org-mongos=2.6.1 mongodb-org-tools=2.6.1


Pin a specific version of MongoDB Enterprise.


Although you can specify any available version of MongoDB Enterprise, apt-get will upgrade the packages when a newer version becomes available. To prevent unintended
upgrades, pin the package. To pin the version of MongoDB at the currently installed version, issue the following command sequence:

echo "mongodb-org hold" | sudo dpkg --set-selections
echo "mongodb-org-server hold" | sudo dpkg --set-selections
echo "mongodb-org-shell hold" | sudo dpkg --set-selections
echo "mongodb-org-mongos hold" | sudo dpkg --set-selections
echo "mongodb-org-tools hold" | sudo dpkg --set-selections

Previous versions of MongoDB packages use different naming conventions. See the 2.4
version of documentation for more information.



Run MongoDB


The MongoDB instance stores its data files in /var/lib/mongo and its log files in /var/log/mongo,
and runs using the mongod user account. If you change the user that runs the MongoDB process, youmust modify the access control rights
to the /var/lib/mongo and /var/log/mongo directories.

1

Start MongoDB.


You can start the mongod process
by issuing the following command:

sudo service mongod start



2

Verify that MongoDB has started successfully


You can verify that the mongod process
has started successfully by checking the contents of the log file at /var/log/mongodb/mongod.log.
You can optionally ensure that MongoDB will start following a system reboot by issuing the following command:

sudo chkconfig mongod on



3

Stop MongoDB.


As needed, you can stop the mongod process
by issuing the following command:

sudo service mongod stop



4

Restart MongoDB.


You can restart the mongod process
by issuing the following command:

sudo service mongod restart

You can follow the state of the process for errors or important messages by watching the output in the /var/log/mongo/mongod.log file.


5

Begin using MongoDB.


To begin using MongoDB, see Getting Started with MongoDB.

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