习惯mac . OS X 安装MacPorts

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1. 安装必要的软件
安装MacPorts需要先安装X11和Xcode，Lion系统已经默认安装好了X11，在Appstore里安装Xcode即可。
下载完Xcode之后，一般路径在/Application下，可以先将其拷出来，以备后续使用：
$ cp -a /Application/Xcode.app ~/soft

2. 安装MacPort，并安装
下载地址：https://distfiles.macports.org/MacPorts/，可以直接下载Lion下的最新版：https://distfiles.macports.org/MacPorts/MacPorts-2.1.1-10.7-Lion.pkg
如果MacPort出现新版本，可以直接通过如下命令进行更新：
$ sudo port -v selfupdate
添加MacPort到环境变量，vi ~/.bash_profile
export PATH=${PATH}:/opt/local/bin:/opt/local/sbin:/opt/local/share/man

3. 比如安装bash的自动补全软件：
$ sudo port install bash-completion
Error: No valid Xcode installation is properly selected.
Error: Please use xcode-select to select an Xcode installation:
Error:     sudo xcode-select -switch /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer # version 4.3.2
Error:     sudo xcode-select -switch /Users/zhaobinjie/soft/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer # version 4.3.2
错误解决方法，1）设置xcode－select的路径，2）安装命令行工具：
$ sudo xcode-select -switch /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer
You can get Xcode from the Mac App Store as a free download. From within that (in the preferences | downloads) you can download and install the command line tools.

4. MacPort常用操作
查询安装的ports
$ port -qv install
当安装新的系统时，卸载安装的ports
$ sudo port -fp uninstall --follow-dependents installed
清除所有局部的构建
$ sudo port clean all
安装必须的ports
$ sudo port install portname +variant1 +variant2 …

5. 删除MacPorts:
#原版使用MacPorts安装过的软件在/opt/local目录下,删除之前最好查看下,心里有个数.
$ sudo port -f uninstall installed
$ sudo rm -rf \
/opt/local \
/Applications/DarwinPorts \
/Applications/MacPorts \
/Library/LaunchDaemons/org.macports.* \
/Library/Receipts/DarwinPorts*.pkg \
/Library/Receipts/MacPorts*.pkg \
/Library/StartupItems/DarwinPortsStartup \
/Library/Tcl/darwinports1.0 \
/Library/Tcl/macports1.0 \
~/.macports

Reference:
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/9904326/warning-the-command-line-tools-for-xcode-dont-appear-to-be-installed-most-por
http://www.macports.org/install.php
http://hi.hiing.net/2011/06/use-homebrew-package-management.html