深度分析puppet自带filebucket的备份恢复功能

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日常情况下都是通过puppetmaster端进行推送变更，推送可以用MC实现，至于变更的回滚可以通过SVN活该Git辅助实现。 存在这样一种情况，在一个复杂的环境中，存在多个管理员，而你是负责变更推送的，他们只是做应用的，很多时候是需要登录系统权限的，有一次，一个管理员为了满足他的应用并没有告知给你，登录到系统之后，修改了一个配置文件，完后也没有保存，而这个配置文件恰恰是你这边puppetmaster管理的配置文件，在你做puppet推送之后，那个管理员的配置文件被还原了。而那个管理员发现应用出了问题，要求你给他还原，你如何做呢？
答案是可以通过filebucket功能完成，那么那么多机器，如何集中管理这些单版本呢。
1、首先定义filebucket模块
要求所有节点都将被修改的配置文件保存至本地的/puppet/version/hosts/${fact_certname}，其中变量fact_cartname为获取的certname名自定义的fact变量
[iyunv@linuxmaster1poc manifests]# cat site.pp
import 'nodes/*.pp'
$puppetserver = 'puppetmaster.kisspuppet.com'
filebucket { 'main':
  path => "/puppet/version/hosts/${fact_certname}",
}
备注：有以上模块之后，只要在file模块中添加backup => 'main',，那么这个文件就会被保存到以上目录中。
2、定义clientbucketdir和bucketdir
参数clientbucketdir为当file模块中没有定义backup => 'main',时被保存的路径，默认在/var/lib/puppet/clientbucket
参数bucketdir为使用puppet filebucket backup [file]保存的路径
[iyunv@linux57poc ~]# cat /etc/puppet/puppet.conf
[main]
    user = puppet
    group = puppet
    vardir = /var/lib/puppet
    logdir = /var/log/puppet
    rundir = /var/run/puppet
    ssldir = $vardir/ssl
    pluginsync = true
    clientbucketdir = /puppet/version/hosts/puppet_linux57poc.kisspuppet.com
    bucketdir = /puppet/version/hosts/puppet_linux57poc.kisspuppet.com
[agent]
    server = puppetmaster.kisspuppet.com
    classfile = $vardir/classes.txt
    localconfig = $vardir/localconfig
    runinterval=86400
    report = true
    authconfig = /etc/puppet/namespaceauth.conf
    usecacheonfailure = false
    certname = puppet_linux57poc.kisspuppet.com
    environment = production
#    listen = true
#    puppetport = 8139
#    bindaddress = 192.168.100.125
3、file模块中添加 backup => 'main',
class puppet_linux57poc{
  include puppet_linux57poc::motd,puppet_linux57poc::facts
}
class puppet_linux57poc::motd{
  package{ setup:
    ensure => present,
  }
  file{ "/etc/motd":
    owner   => "root",
    group   => "root",
    mode    => 0400,
    content => template("puppet_linux57poc/motd.erb"),
    backup  => 'main',
    require => Package["setup"],
  }
}
class puppet_linux57poc::facts{
  file{ "/etc/mcollective/facts.txt":
    owner   => "root",
    group   => "root",
    mode    => 0400,
    content => template("puppet_linux57poc/facts.txt.erb"),
    backup  => 'main',
        }
}
4、测试filebucket的恢复功能
修改节点被管理的配置文件/etc/motd,然后运行puppet命令还原
[iyunv@linux57poc ~]# echo aa>>/etc/motd
[iyunv@linux57poc ~]# puppet agent -t
info: Retrieving plugin
info: Loading facts in /var/lib/puppet/lib/facter/fact_apply.rb
info: Caching catalog for puppet_linux57poc.kisspuppet.com
info: Applying configuration version '1386061716'
notice: /Stage[main]/Mcollective::Facter/File[/etc/mcollective/facts.yaml]/content:
--- /etc/mcollective/facts.yaml    2013-12-03 17:26:35.000000000 +0800
+++ /tmp/puppet-file20131203-14159-i1qgrq-0    2013-12-03 17:56:59.000000000 +0800
@@ -1,89 +1,89 @@
。。。
info: FileBucket adding {md5}3997ee041b3277fda12dbd849fac47e7
info: /Stage[main]/Mcollective::Facter/File[/etc/mcollective/facts.yaml]: Filebucketed /etc/mcollective/facts.yaml to main with sum 3997ee041b3277fda12dbd849fac47e7
notice: /Stage[main]/Puppet_linux57poc::Motd/File[/etc/motd]/content:
--- /etc/motd    2013-12-03 17:56:49.000000000 +0800
+++ /tmp/puppet-file20131203-14159-1c90psx-0    2013-12-03 17:56:59.000000000 +0800
@@ -7,4 +7,3 @@
rubyversion = 1.8.7
....................
------------------------------------------------
-aa
info: FileBucket adding {md5}6db65f0eb756ee96ef8e615e914fa0ee
info: /Stage[main]/Puppet_linux57poc::Motd/File[/etc/motd]: Filebucketed /etc/motd to main with sum 6db65f0eb756ee96ef8e615e914fa0ee
notice: /Stage[main]/Puppet_linux57poc::Motd/File[/etc/motd]/content: content changed '{md5}6db65f0eb756ee96ef8e615e914fa0ee' to '{md5}7c6613a110541a050c8a8f51fc89dab2'
notice: Finished catalog run in 0.69 seconds
可以看到/etc/motd的MD5值从'6db65f0eb756ee96ef8e615e914fa0ee'变成'7c6613a110541a050c8a8f51fc89dab2'
[iyunv@linux57poc ~]# ll /puppet/version/hosts/puppet_linux57poc.kisspuppet.com/6/d/b/6/5/f/0/e/6db65f0eb756ee96ef8e615e914fa0ee/
total 8
-r--r----- 1 nfsnobody nfsnobody 311 Dec  3 17:56 contents
-rw-r----- 1 nfsnobody nfsnobody  10 Dec  3 17:56 paths
通过puppet filebucket恢复
[iyunv@linux57poc ~]# puppet filebucket --local backup /etc/motd
/etc/motd: 6db65f0eb756ee96ef8e615e914fa0ee
[iyunv@linux57poc ~]# ll /puppet/version/hosts/puppet_linux57poc.kisspuppet.com/6/d/b/6/5/f/0/e/6db65f0eb756ee96ef8e615e914fa0ee/
total 8
-r--r----- 1 nfsnobody nfsnobody 311 Dec  3 17:56 contents
-rw-r----- 1 nfsnobody nfsnobody  10 Dec  3 17:56 paths
[iyunv@linux57poc ~]#
[iyunv@linux57poc ~]# >/etc/motd
[iyunv@linux57poc ~]# puppet filebucket --local restore  /etc/motd  6db65f0eb756ee96ef8e615e914fa0ee
[iyunv@linux57poc ~]# cat /etc/motd
------------a few of facter values-------------
myhostname = linux57poc
eth0_ip = 192.168.100.125
kernel = 2.6.18-274.el5
system release = Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5.7 (Tikanga)
puppetversion = 2.7.23
rubyversion = 1.8.7
....................
------------------------------------------------
aa
[iyunv@linux57poc ~]#
如何集中管理呢，可以将所有节点那个目录挂在到一台服务器上，这样就集中了，然后可以通过扫描命令进行查看
[iyunv@linuxreportpoc ~]# ll /puppet/version/hosts
total 12
drwxr-x--- 12 nfsnobody nfsnobody 4096 Dec  3 17:56 puppet_linux57poc.kisspuppet.com
drwxr-x--- 10 nfsnobody nfsnobody 4096 Dec  3 17:08 puppet_linux58poc.kisspuppet.com
drwxr-x--- 11 nfsnobody nfsnobody 4096 Dec  3 17:09 puppet_linux64poc.kisspuppet.com