《Oracle Installation Guide for Linux x86》

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　　　　linux 安装 oracle 的时候 报错：
　　error while loading shared libraries: libstdc++-libc6.1-1.so.2
　　----------------------------
　　cd /usr/lib
　　只用执行如下操作 ln -s libstdc++-libc6.2-2.so.3 libstdc++-libc6.1-1.so.2
　　以root身份登录


　　
　　1 Logging In to the System as root
　　$ xhost fully_qualified_remote_host_name
　　
　　2 Checking the Hardware Requirements
　　# grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo
　　# grep SwapTotal /proc/meminfo
　　# df -k /tmp
# grep "model name" /proc/cpuinfo
　　
　　3 Checking the Software Requirements
　　# cat /etc/issue
　　# uname -r
# rpm -q package_name
　　
　　
　　
　　
　　5 Configuring Kernel Parameters
　　

semmsl, semmns, semopm, and semmni	# /sbin/sysctl -a | grep sem　　This command displays the value of the semaphore parameters in the order listed.
shmall, shmmax, and shmmni	# /sbin/sysctl -a | grep shm
file-max	# /sbin/sysctl -a | grep file-max
ip_local_port_range	# /sbin/sysctl -a | grep ip_local_port_range
rmem_default	# /sbin/sysctl -a | grep rmem_default
rmem_max	# /sbin/sysctl -a | grep rmem_max
wmem_default	# /sbin/sysctl -a | grep wmem_default
wmem_max	# /sbin/sysctl -a | grep wmem_max

　　Using any text editor, create or edit the /etc/sysctl.conf file, and add or edit lines similar to the following:
　　kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 2147483648
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
fs.file-max = 65536
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000
net.core.rmem_default = 1048576
net.core.rmem_max = 1048576
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 262144
　　
　　Setting Shell Limits for the oracle User
　　Maximum number of open file descriptors
　　Maximum number of processes available to a single user

• 　　Add the following lines in the /etc/security/limits.conf file:
  
  oracle           soft    nproc   2047
  oracle           hard    nproc   16384
  oracle           soft    nofile  1024
  oracle           hard    nofile  65536
  
• 　　Add the following line to the /etc/pam.d/login file, if it does not already exist:
  
  session    required     /lib/security/pam_limits.so
  session    required     pam_limits.so
  
• 　　Depending on the oracle user's default shell, make the following changes to the default shell startup file:
  
  
  
  • 　　For the Bourne, Bash, or Korn shell, add the following lines in the /etc/profile file (or the /etc/profile.local file on SUSE systems):
    
    if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
    if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
    ulimit -p 16384
    ulimit -n 65536
    else
    ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
    fi
    fi
    
  • 　　For the C shell, add the following lines in the /etc/csh.login file (or the /etc/csh.login.local file on SUSE systems):
    
    if ( $USER == "oracle" ) then
    limit maxproc 16384
    limit descriptors 65536
    endif
    
  
  
  

　　 6 Creating Required Directories 
　　/u01/app/oracle
　　# chown -R oracle:oinstall /mount_point/app/oracle_sw_owner
# chmod -R 775 /mount_point/app/oracle_sw_owner
　　 7 Configuration ENV

$ xhost fully_qualified_remote_host_name
$ echo $SHELL
$ vi .bash_profile
umask 022
$ DISPLAY=local_host:0.0 ; export DISPLAY
$ su - root
# mkdir /mount_point/tmp
# chmod a wr /mount_point/tmp
# exit
$ unset ORACLE_HOME
$ unset TNS_ADMIN

# eject /mnt/dvd
# mount -t iso9660 /dev/dvd /mnt/dvd
$ /mount_point/db/runInstaller
oracle_home/install/portlist.ini
http://host.domain:1158/em/
　　
　　
　　
　　
　　
　　
　　
　　Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4.0 and Asianux 2.0:

binutils-2.15.92.0.2-13.EL4
compat-db-4.1.25-9
compat-libstdc  -296-2.96-132.7.2
control-center-2.8.0-12
gcc-3.4.3-22.1.EL4
gcc-c  -3.4.3-22.1.EL44
glibc-2.3.4-2.9
glibc-common-2.3.4-2.9
gnome-libs-1.4.1.2.90-44.1
libstdc  -3.4.3-22.1
libstdc  -devel-3.4.3-22.1
make-3.80-5
pdksh-5.2.14-30
sysstat-5.0.5-1
xscreensaver-4.18-5.rhel4.2
setarch-1.6-1
　　

4 Creating Required Operating System Groups and Users
　　The following local operating system groups and users are required if you are installing Oracle Database:

• 　　The Oracle Inventory group (oinstall)
  
  
• 　　The OSDBA group (dba)
  
  
• 　　The Oracle software owner (oracle)
  
  
• 　　An unprivileged user (nobody)
  
  

　　To determine whether these groups and users already exist, and if necessary, to create them, follow these steps:

• 　　To determine whether the oinstall group exists, enter the following command:
  
  # more /etc/oraInst.loc
  　　If the output of this command shows the oinstall group name, then the group already exists.
  　　If the oraInst.loc file exists, then the output from this command is similar to the following:
  
  inventory_loc=/u01/app/oracle/oraInventory
  inst_group=oinstall
  　　The inst_group parameter shows the name of the Oracle Inventory group, oinstall.
  
  
• 　　To determine whether the dba group exists, enter the following command:
  
  # grep dba /etc/group
  　　If the output from this commands shows the dba group name, then the group already exists.
  
  
• 　　If necessary, enter the following commands to create the oinstall and dba groups:
  
  # /usr/sbin/groupadd oinstall
  # /usr/sbin/groupadd dba
  
• 　　To determine whether the oracle user exists and belongs to the correct groups, enter the following command:
  
  # id oracle
  　　If the oracle user exists, then this command displays information about the groups to which the user belongs. The output should be similar to the following, indicating that oinstall is the primary group and dba is a secondary group:
  
  uid=440(oracle) gid=200(oinstall) groups=201(dba),202(oper)
  
• 　　If necessary, complete one of the following actions:
  
  
  
  • 　　If the oracle user exists, but its primary group is not oinstall or it is not a member of the dba group, then enter the following command:
    
    # /usr/sbin/usermod -g oinstall -G dba oracle
    
  • 　　If the oracle user does not exist, enter the following command to create it:
    
    # /usr/sbin/useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle
    　　This command creates the oracle user and specifies oinstall as the primary group and dba as the secondary group.
    
    
  
  
  
• 　　Enter the following command to set the password of the oracle user:
  
  # passwd oracle
  
• 　　To determine whether the nobody user exists, enter the following command:
  
  # id nobody
  　　If this command displays information about the nobody user, then you do not have to create the user.
  　　If the nobody user does not exist, then enter the following command to create it:
  
  # /usr/sbin/useradd nobody
  

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