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本实验用到的架构图，如下所示：
简单介绍本次实验架构的数据流向： 首先client向A服务器发起网页请求，A接到请求，首先查看memcached是否有请求的内容，如果有就返回给client,如果memcached中没有，则A查询B服务器中client的请求响应缓存到memcached中一份，同时再响应给客户端，如果在一定时长内，client再次发起的同样的请求，A服务器直接将缓存响应给client，简单理解。
环境安装 A服务器安装memcached yum install -y memcached 查看安装后的内容为：
[iyunv@node5 ~]# rpm -ql memcached /etc/rc.d/init.d/memcached ##sysV风格服务启动脚本 /etc/sysconfig/memcached ##软件默认配置文件 /usr/bin/memcached ##可执行文件（后面简单介绍使用方法） /usr/bin/memcached-tool ##可执行文件（后面简单介绍使用方法） /usr/share/doc/memcached-1.4.4 /usr/share/doc/memcached-1.4.4/AUTHORS /usr/share/doc/memcached-1.4.4/CONTRIBUTORS /usr/share/doc/memcached-1.4.4/COPYING /usr/share/doc/memcached-1.4.4/ChangeLog /usr/share/doc/memcached-1.4.4/NEWS /usr/share/doc/memcached-1.4.4/README /usr/share/doc/memcached-1.4.4/protocol.txt /usr/share/doc/memcached-1.4.4/readme.txt /usr/share/doc/memcached-1.4.4/threads.txt /usr/share/man/man1/memcached.1.gz /var/run/memcached #运行时信息存放目录，pid文件 查看/etc/sysconfig/memcached
[iyunv@node5 ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/memcached PORT="11211" #memcache默认端口 USER="memcached" #默认用户 MAXCONN="1024" #最大缓存的链接数，通常要此参数修改 CACHESIZE="64" #缓存所占用的内存空间，单位为Mb,通常要修改 OPTIONS="" B服务器的软件安装 nginx软件安装具体版本为nginx-1.4.7
# groupadd -r nginx # useradd -r -g nginx nginx # ./configure \ --prefix=/usr/local/nginx \ --sbin-path=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx \ --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \ --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log \ --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log \ --pid-path=/var/run/nginx/nginx.pid \ --lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock \ --user=nginx \ --group=nginx \ --with-http_ssl_module \ --with-http_flv_module \ --with-http_stub_status_module \ --with-http_gzip_static_module \ --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/client/ \ --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/proxy/ \ --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/fcgi/ \ --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/uwsgi \ --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/scgi \ --with-pcre # make && make install 增加nginx启动脚本
#vim /etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx #增加以下内容 #!/bin/sh # # nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon # # chkconfig: - 85 15 # description: Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \ # proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server # processname: nginx # config: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf # config: /etc/sysconfig/nginx # pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid
# Source function library. . /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
# Source networking configuration. . /etc/sysconfig/network
# Check that networking is up. [ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0
nginx="/usr/sbin/nginx" prog=$(basename $nginx)
NGINX_CONF_FILE="/etc/nginx/nginx.conf"
[ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx
lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx
make_dirs() { # make required directories user=`nginx -V 2>&1 | grep "configure arguments:" | sed 's/[^*]*--user=\([^ ]*\).*/\1/g' -` options=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep 'configure arguments:'` for opt in $options; do if [ `echo $opt | grep '.*-temp-path'` ]; then value=`echo $opt | cut -d "=" -f 2` if [ ! -d "$value" ]; then # echo "creating" $value mkdir -p $value && chown -R $user $value fi fi done }
start() { [ -x $nginx ] || exit 5 [ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6 make_dirs echo -n $"Starting $prog: " daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE retval=$? echo [ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile return $retval }
stop() { echo -n $"Stopping $prog: " killproc $prog -QUIT retval=$? echo [ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile return $retval }
restart() { configtest || return $? stop sleep 1 start }
reload() { configtest || return $? echo -n $"Reloading $prog: " killproc $nginx -HUP RETVAL=$? echo }
force_reload() { restart }
configtest() { $nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE }
rh_status() { status $prog }
rh_status_q() { rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1 }
case "$1" in start) rh_status_q && exit 0 $1 ;; stop) rh_status_q || exit 0 $1 ;; restart|configtest) $1 ;; reload) rh_status_q || exit 7 $1 ;; force-reload) force_reload ;; status) rh_status ;; condrestart|try-restart) rh_status_q || exit 0 ;; *) echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}" exit 2 esac
后续操作
# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx #加执行权限 # chkconfig --add nginx #加到服务列表 # chkconfig nginx on #开机自启 # service nginx start 测试启动 安装php-fpm，让php工作于（简单）服务器模式，具体版本php-5.4.26
#yum groupinstall -y "Development Tools" "Server Platform Developments" "Server Platform Development" #解决php安装过程中的包依赖 #tar -xf php-5.4.26.tar.bz2 #cd php-5.4.26 #./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-openssl --enable-fpm --enable-sockets --enable-sysvshm --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --enable-mbstring --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib-dir --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --with-mhash --with-mcrypt --with-config-file-path=/etc --with-config-file-scan-dir=/etc/php.d --with-bz2 --with-curl
提供php配置文件 # cp php.ini-production /etc/php.ini 增加php-fpm服务启动脚本，并添加至服务列表
# cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm # chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm # chkconfig --add php-fpm # chkconfig php-fpm on 修改php-fpm提供的配置文件 # cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf 调整php-fpm相关的参数，如下所示： #cd /usr/local/php/etc ##############最修改的结果如下所示################# [iyunv@node3 etc]# grep -v '^$' php-fpm.conf |grep -v '^;'|grep -v '^[[:space:]].*' [global] pid = /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid error_log = /var/log/php-fpm.log [www] user = nobody group = nobody listen = 127.0.0.1:9000 pm = dynamic pm.max_children = 128 pm.start_servers = 5 pm.min_spare_servers = 3 pm.max_spare_servers = 5 pm.max_requests = 500 pm.status_path = /status ping.path = /ping ping.response = pong rlimit_files = 10240 启动服务 # service php-fpm start nginx与php5的整合 编辑/etc/nginx/nginx.conf，启用如下选项 只显示修改后的内容 方式
[iyunv@node3 nginx]# grep -v '^[[:space:]].*#' nginx.conf |grep -v '^$' worker_processes 1; #默认启动的进程线 events { worker_connections 1024;#连接并发数 } http { include mime.types; #支持的文件类型 default_type application/octet-stream; sendfile on; #支持直接从内核空间返回响应给客户 keepalive_timeout 65; #长连接时长 fastcgi_cache_path /tmp levels=1:2 keys_zone=fcgi:50m max_size=1g inactive=12h; ##缓存文件存放路径，目录层次（目录结构），定义键值域名称 最大缓存空间1G，非活动时间12小时 server { listen 80; #监听端口 location / { URL上下言语 root /mydata/htdocshare; #htdoc在本地系统的路径 index index.php index.html index.htm; 默认首页索引文件 } error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; #不同出错代码所做出的网页跳转后显示的页面 location = /50x.html { #定义具体的出错页面路径 root html; } location ~* /(status|ping) { #完全匹配字符 root /mydata/htdocshare; #匹配后跳转路径及处理方式 fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /$fastcgi_script_name; auth_basic "admin area"; #认证提示框信息 auth_basic_user_file /etc/nginx/.htpswd; #引用存放用户名称的文件 include fastcgi_params; #引用此文件中变量，此文件内容可以简单理解为nginx中的变量与fastcgi中的变量的一一对应关系（名称），从nginx传递过来的变量，fastcgi可以理解并认识 } location ~ \.php$ { #用户访问php页面时所做出的处理方式，转给fastcgit程序处理 root /mydata/htdocshare; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; #php-fpm监听的路径与端口 fastcgi_index index.php; #索引页 fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; }
} } 编辑/etc/nginx/fastcgi_params，将其内容更改为如下内容，此文件作用就是fastcgi中的变量与nginx中的变量能够相互转换。
fastcgi_param GATEWAY_INTERFACE CGI/1.1; fastcgi_param SERVER_SOFTWARE nginx; fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string; fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method; fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type; fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_param REQUEST_URI $request_uri; fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_URI $document_uri; fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT $document_root; fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol; fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr; fastcgi_param REMOTE_PORT $remote_port; fastcgi_param SERVER_ADDR $server_addr; fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port; fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name; 安装xcache为PH加速
# tar xf xcache-3.1.0.tar.bz2 # cd xcache-3.1.0 # /usr/local/php/bin/phpize # ./configure --enable-xcache --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config # make && make install
安装完出现类似如下行： Installing shared extensions: /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-zts-20100525/
首先将xcache提供的样例配置导入php.ini # # cp /software/xcache-3.1.0/xcache.ini /etc/php.d 接下来编辑xcache.ini 文件增加以下内容 zend_extension = /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-zts-20100525/xcache.so MariaDB安装
#useradd -r mysql #mkdir /mydata/data -pv #chown -R mysql.mysql /mydata/data #tar -xf mariadb-10.0.10-linux-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local #cd /usr/local #ln -sv mariadb-10.0.10-linux-x86_64 mysql #cd mysql #chown -R root.mysql ./* #scripts/mysql_install_db --datadir=/mydata/data --user=mysql # cd /usr/local/mysql # cp support-files/my-large.cnf /etc/my.cnf ##编辑my.cnf,增加以下内容 innodb_file_per_table=on datadir = /mydata/data 为mysql增加服务启动脚本 # cd /usr/local/mysql # cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld # chkconfig --add mysqld # chkconfig mysqld on 启动mysql service mysqld start
新建测试页面来测试缓存服务器是否起作用
<?php $mem = new Memcache; $mem->connect("172.16.251.24", 11211) or die("Could not connect"); $version = $mem->getVersion(); echo "Server's version: ".$version."<br/>\n"; $mem->set('hellokey', 'Hello World', 0, 600) or die("Failed to save data at the memcached server"); echo "Store data in the cache (data will expire in 600 seconds)<br/>\n"; $get_result = $mem->get('hellokey'); echo "$get_result s from memcached server.";
?>
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