RedHat EL5 安装Oracle 10g RAC之--系统环境配置（1）

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系统环境：

操作系统：RedHat EL5

Cluster： Oracle CRS 10.2.0.1.0

Oracle：  Oracle 10.2.0.1.0

如图所示：RAC 系统架构

一、操作系统环境

1、网络配置（在所有节点）

[iyunv@node1 ~]# cat /etc/hosts

# Do not remove the following line, or various programs

# that require network functionality will fail.

127.0.0.1                localhost

192.168.8.21  node1            ；节点1主机名

192.168.8.23  node1-vip

10.10.10.21   node1-priv

192.168.8.22  node2            ；节点2主机名

192.168.8.24  node2-vip

10.10.10.22   node2-priv

[iyunv@node1 ~]#

2、共享磁盘配置（在所有节点）

对于Oracle 10g RAC，OCR和VOTE DISK、DataBase需建立在共享存储设备上；OCR和VOTE DISK必须以raw的方式管理，而存放DataBase的磁盘必须以ASM的方式管理。

[iyunv@node1 ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sdc: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/sdc1               1          25      200781   83  Linux

/dev/sdc2              26          50      200812+  83  Linux

/dev/sdc3              51        2610    20563200    5  Extended

/dev/sdc5              51         549     4008186   83  Linux

/dev/sdc6             550        1048     4008186   83  Linux

/dev/sdc7            1049        1422     3004123+  83  Linux

/dev/sdc8            1423        1796     3004123+  83  Linux

/dev/sdc9            1797        2046     2008093+  83  Linux

/dev/sdc10           2047        2610     4530298+  83  Linux

[iyunv@node1 ~]#

建立RAW设备：

[iyunv@node1 ~]# cat /etc/udev/rules.d/60-raw.rules

# Enter raw device bindings here.

# An example would be:

#   ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sda", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw1 %N"

# to bind /dev/raw/raw1 to /dev/sda, or

#   ACTION=="add", ENV{MAJOR}=="8", ENV{MINOR}=="1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw2 %M %m"

# to bind /dev/raw/raw2 to the device with major 8, minor 1.

ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdc1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw1 %N"

ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdc2", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw2 %N"

ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdc5", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw3 %N"

ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdc6", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw4 %N"

ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdc7", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw5 %N"

ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdc8", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw6 %N"

设置RAW设备权限：

[iyunv@node1 ~]# cat  /etc/udev/rules.d/65-raw-permissions.rules

KERNEL=="raw1", OWNER="oracle", GROUP="oinstall", MODE="660"

KERNEL=="raw2", OWNER="oracle", GROUP="oinstall", MODE="660"

KERNEL=="raw3", OWNER="oracle", GROUP="oinstall", MODE="660"

KERNEL=="raw4", OWNER="oracle", GROUP="oinstall", MODE="660"

KERNEL=="raw5", OWNER="oracle", GROUP="oinstall", MODE="660"

KERNEL=="raw6", OWNER="oracle", GROUP="oinstall", MODE="660"

启动RAW设备：

[iyunv@node1 soft]# start_udev

Starting udev: [  OK  ]

[iyunv@node1 soft]# raw -aq

/dev/raw/raw1:  bound to major 8, minor 33

/dev/raw/raw2:  bound to major 8, minor 34

/dev/raw/raw3:  bound to major 8, minor 37

/dev/raw/raw4:  bound to major 8, minor 38

/dev/raw/raw5:  bound to major 8, minor 39

/dev/raw/raw6:  bound to major 8, minor 40

查看RAW设备：

[iyunv@node1 soft]# ls -l /dev/raw

total 0

crw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 162, 1 May  5 17:12 raw1

crw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 162, 2 May  5 17:12 raw2

crw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 162, 3 May  5 17:12 raw3

crw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 162, 4 May  5 17:12 raw4

crw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 162, 5 May  5 17:12 raw5

crw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 162, 6 May  5 17:12 raw6

建立Oracle用户和组（所有节点）：

[iyunv@node1 ~]# id oracle

uid=200(oracle) gid=200(oinstall) groups=200(oinstall),201(dba)

注意：所有节点user ID和group id一致！

[iyunv@node1 ~]# su - oracle

[oracle@node1 ~]$ cat .bash_profile

# .bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions

if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then

       . ~/.bashrc

fi

# User specific environment and startup programs

export EDITOR=vi

export ORACLE_SID=prod1

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/db_1

export ORA_CRS_HOME=/u01/crs_1

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORA_CRS_HOME/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin

umask 022

3、配置系统内核参数（在所有节点）

[iyunv@node1 soft]# vi /etc/sysctl.conf

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

fs.file-max = 6815744

kernel.shmall = 2097152

kernel.shmmax = 536870912

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 1048586

内核参数修改生效：

[iyunv@node1 ~]# sysctl -p

net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0

net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1

net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0

kernel.sysrq = 0

kernel.core_uses_pid = 1

net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1

kernel.msgmnb = 65536

kernel.msgmax = 65536

kernel.shmmax = 4294967295

kernel.shmall = 268435456

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

fs.file-max = 6815744

kernel.shmall = 2097152

kernel.shmmax = 536870912

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 1048586

用户资源访问限制：

[iyunv@node1 ~]# cat /etc/security/limits.conf

oracle              soft    nproc   2047

oracle              hard    nproc   16384

oracle              soft    nofile  1024

oracle              hard    nofile  65536

oracle              soft    stack   10240

[iyunv@node1 ~]#cat /etc/profile

if [ $USER = "oracle" ]||[ $USER = "grid" ]; then

   if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then

               ulimit -p 16384

               ulimit -n 65536

       else

               ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536

       fi

fi

配置认证模块：

[iyunv@node1 ~]# cat /etc/pam.d/login

session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so

配置节点间心跳：

[iyunv@node1 ~]# cat /etc/rc.local

options hangcheck-timer hangcheck_tick=30 hangcheck_margin=180

4、配置时间同步（NTP)

node1 作为ntp server ，node2 作为ntp client

配置如下：

node1：

[iyunv@node1 ~]# chkconfig --list |grep time

       daytime-dgram:  off

       daytime-stream: off

       time-dgram:     off

       time-stream:    off

[iyunv@node1 ~]# chkconfig time-dgram on

[iyunv@node1 ~]# chkconfig time-stream on

[iyunv@node1 ~]# chkconfig ntpd on

[iyunv@node1 ~]# chkconfig xinetd on

[iyunv@node1 ~]# service ntpd start

Starting ntpd: [  OK  ]

node2：

[iyunv@node2 asm]# crontab -l

0-59/1  * * * * /usr/bin/rdate -s 192.168.8.21 >/dev/null 2>&1

0-59/1 * * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate 192.168.8.21 >/dev/null 2>&1

[iyunv@node2 asm]#

5、配置yum 安装所需的软件包（所有节点）

以RedHat 安装光盘作为yum仓库：

[iyunv@node1 yum.repos.d]# cat yum.repo

[base]

name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux

baseurl=file:///media/Server

enabled=1

gpgcheck=0

gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release

安装软件包：

[iyunv@node1 yum.repos.d]# yum install -y libXp*

Installed:

libXp.i386 0:1.0.0-8.1.el5               libXp-devel.i386 0:1.0.0-8.1.el5              

[iyunv@node1 yum.repos.d]# yum install -y libaio*

[iyunv@node1 yum.repos.d]# yum install -y sysstat*

Installed:

sysstat.i386 0:7.0.2-3.el5

[iyunv@node1 yum.repos.d]# yum install -y unix*

Installed:

unixODBC.i386 0:2.2.11-7.1               

unixODBC-devel.i386 0:2.2.11-7.1            

unixODBC-kde.i386 0:2.2.11-7.1            

[iyunv@node1 yum.repos.d]# yum install -y compat*

Installed:

compat-dapl.i386 0:2.0.25-2.el5          compat-dapl-devel.i386 0:2.0.25-2.el5        

compat-dapl-static.i386 0:2.0.25-2.el5   compat-dapl-utils.i386 0:2.0.25-2.el5        

compat-db.i386 0:4.2.52-5.1              compat-openldap.i386 0:2.3.43_2.2.29-12.el5  

compat-readline43.i386 0:4.3-3           compat-slang.i386 0:1.4.9-27.2.2            

Dependency Installed:

libibverbs.i386 0:1.1.3-2.el5 libnes.i386 0:0.9.0-2.el5 librdmacm.i386 0:1.0.10-1.el5

openib.noarch 0:1.4.1-5.el5  

--未完，待续