在RedHat Linux上安装Git/Gitosis环境

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　　安装git

查看：
[iyunv@bogon tmp]# rpm -qa |grep -i git
安装：
[iyunv@bogon tmp]# rpm -ivh git-1.7.3-1.fc11.i386.rpm
error: Failed dependencies:
        libcrypto.so.8 is needed by git-1.7.3-1.fc11.i386
        libcurl.so.4 is needed by git-1.7.3-1.fc11.i386
        libexpat.so.1 is needed by git-1.7.3-1.fc11.i386
        libssl.so.8 is needed by git-1.7.3-1.fc11.i386
        perl(Git) is needed by git-1.7.3-1.fc11.i386
        perl-Git = 1.7.3-1.fc11 is needed by git-1.7.3-1.fc11.i386
[iyunv@bogon tmp]# rpm -ivh git-1.6.5-1.fc9.i386.rpm
error: Failed dependencies:
        libcrypto.so.7 is needed by git-1.6.5-1.fc9.i386
        libcurl.so.4 is needed by git-1.6.5-1.fc9.i386
        libexpat.so.1 is needed by git-1.6.5-1.fc9.i386
        libssl.so.7 is needed by git-1.6.5-1.fc9.i386
        perl(Git) is needed by git-1.6.5-1.fc9.i386
        perl-Git = 1.6.5-1.fc9 is needed by git-1.6.5-1.fc9.i386

参考：http://blog.csdn.net/plo154100/archive/2010/08/16/5816831.aspx
       
依赖包：
openssl-0.9.8k-1.fc11.i686.rpm
perl-git
perl-git与git互相依赖，需同时安装。

[iyunv@bogon tmp]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt; cd /mnt/Server
mount: block device /dev/cdrom is write-protected, mounting read-only

[iyunv@bogon Server]# rpm -qa |grep openssl
openssl-0.9.8b-8.3.el5
openssl-devel-0.9.8b-8.3.el5

搜索 libssl.so openssl-0.9.8b-8.3.el5
openssl-0.9.8b-8.3.el5=>libssl.so.6

安装较低版本git:
[iyunv@bogon tmp]# rpm -ivh git-1.5.6.1-1.i386.rpm
error: Failed dependencies:
        perl(Git) is needed by git-1.5.6.1-1.i386
        perl-Git = 1.5.6.1-1 is needed by git-1.5.6.1-1.i386
[iyunv@bogon Server]# rpm -ivh perl-5.8.8-10.i386.rpm
       
perl-Git-1.5.6.1-1.i386.rpm

==========================================================================
Installing git on Red Hat Enterprise Linux

查看版本信息：
[iyunv@bogon tmp]# lsb_release -a
[iyunv@bogon tmp]# uname -a
[iyunv@bogon tmp]# cat /proc/version
[iyunv@bogon tmp]# rpm -qa |grep -i git

安装依赖包：
[iyunv@bogon tmp]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt; cd /mnt/Server
[iyunv@bogon Server]# rpm -ivh zlib-devel gettext-devel openssl-devel curl-devel expat-devel
[iyunv@bogon Server]# rpm -q zlib-devel gettext-devel openssl-devel curl-devel expat-devel
zlib-devel-1.2.3-3
gettext-devel-0.14.6-4.el5
openssl-devel-0.9.8b-8.3.el5
curl-devel-7.15.5-2.el5
expat-devel-1.95.8-8.2.1

下载解压缩git:
http://kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/git-1.7.2.tar.gz
[iyunv@bogon tmp]# tar zxvf git-1.7.2.tar.gz

编译安装：
[iyunv@bogon tmp]# cd git-1.7.2
[iyunv@bogon git-1.7.2]# ./configure
[iyunv@bogon git-1.7.2]# make prefix=/usr/local all
[iyunv@bogon git-1.7.2]# make prefix=/usr/local install

查看安装好的文件:
[iyunv@bogon git-1.7.2]# ll /usr/local/bin/

执行git命令：
[iyunv@bogon git-1.7.2]# git
usage: git [--version] [--exec-path[=GIT_EXEC_PATH]] [--html-path]
           [-p|--paginate|--no-pager] [--no-replace-objects]
           [--bare] [--git-dir=GIT_DIR] [--work-tree=GIT_WORK_TREE]
           [-c name=value
           [--help] COMMAND [ARGS]

The most commonly used git commands are:
   add        Add file contents to the index
   bisect     Find by binary search the change that introduced a bug
   branch     List, create, or delete branches
   checkout   Checkout a branch or paths to the working tree
   clone      Clone a repository into a new directory
   commit     Record changes to the repository
   diff       Show changes between commits, commit and working tree, etc
   fetch      Download objects and refs from another repository
   grep       Print lines matching a pattern
   init       Create an empty git repository or reinitialize an existing one
   log        Show commit logs
   merge      Join two or more development histories together
   mv         Move or rename a file, a directory, or a symlink
   pull       Fetch from and merge with another repository or a local branch
   push       Update remote refs along with associated objects
   rebase     Forward-port local commits to the updated upstream head
   reset      Reset current HEAD to the specified state
   rm         Remove files from the working tree and from the index
   show       Show various types of objects
   status     Show the working tree status
   tag        Create, list, delete or verify a tag object signed with GPG

See 'git help COMMAND' for more information on a specific command.

===============================================================================
使用 Gitosis 管理 Git 服務器

安装python的setup tool:
http://pypi.python.org/packages/2.4/s/setuptools/setuptools-0.6c11-py2.4.egg#md5=bd639f9b0eac4c42497034dec2ec0c2b

# sh setuptools-0.6c11-py2.4.egg
Processing setuptools-0.6c11-py2.4.egg
creating /usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/setuptools-0.6c11-py2.4.egg
Extracting setuptools-0.6c11-py2.4.egg to /usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages
Adding setuptools 0.6c11 to easy-install.pth file
Installing easy_install script to /usr/bin
Installing easy_install-2.4 script to /usr/bin

Installed /usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/setuptools-0.6c11-py2.4.egg
Processing dependencies for setuptools==0.6c11
Finished processing dependencies for setuptools==0.6c11

安装gitosis
https://github.com/res0nat0r/gitosis/downloads

# git --version
git version 1.7.6.4

# unzip res0nat0r-gitosis-2cf6458.zip
# mv res0nat0r-gitosis-2cf6458 gitosis
# cd gitosis
# python setup.py install
Using /usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/setuptools-0.6c11-py2.4.egg
Finished processing dependencies for gitosis==0.2
　　
　　在本地开发机器上生成公共密钥(用来初始化gitosis)
執行 Git Bash
$  ssh-keygen -t rsa   #不需要密码,一路回车就行   
$  scp ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub oracle@172.18.60.44:/tmp/   # 上传本地的ssh public key到服务器 

初始化gitosis
# adduser oracle
# su - oracle  # 切换倒git用户下 
$ gitosis-init < /tmp/id_dsa.pub   
$ chmod 755 ~/repositories/gitosis-admin.git/hooks/post-update
 
获取并配置gitosis-admin:
執行 Git Bash
$ cd d:\pb10\GCMS
$ git clone oracle@172.18.60.44:gitosis-admin.git  # 在本地执行，获取gitosis管理项目   
$ vi gitosis-admin/gitosis.conf  # 编辑gitosis-admin配置文件 
[gitosis]

[group gitosis-admin]
writable = gitosis-admin test gcms
members = whz@C03000450100

[group myteam]
members = whz@C03000450100
writable = test

每个group是一个组,members是成员名,空格分隔, writeable定义该组成员可以写入的repository.
members对应的就是keys目录下的文件名(无pub后缀）。
修改后,提交并push到服务端:
$ cd gitosis-admin
$ git add .
$ git commit -a -m 'setup users and access'
$ git push

初始化本地的项目并提交到git服务器
$ cd gcms
$ git init 
$ git add . 
$ git commit -a -m "Initial import" 
$ git remote add origin oracle@172.18.60.44:gcms.git 
$ git push origin master 
问题:
ERROR:gitosis.server.main:Repository read access denied
fatal: The remote end hung up unexpectedly
解决：
1.members对应的就是keys目录下的文件名(无pub后缀）。
2.本地gitosis-admin配置文件修改后,需增加提交并push到服务端。
3.The reason was that I had 2 same ssh pub-keys (same key, different name) in gitosis-admin/keydir.
After deleting one of it, I can push to new repositories
Make sure o remove one of them from /home/git/.ssh/authorized_keys

使用Git Gui工具提交到服務器.
問題
選擇 修正上次提交(Amend Last Commit)後, 上传(push)報錯:
Pushing to oracle@172.18.60.44:gcms.git
To oracle@172.18.60.44:gcms.git
 ! [rejected]        master -> master (non-fast-forward)
error: failed to push some refs to 'oracle@172.18.60.44:gcms.git'
To prevent you from losing history, non-fast-forward updates were rejected
Merge the remote changes (e.g. 'git pull') before pushing again.  See the
'Note about fast-forwards' section of 'git push --help' for details.
　　解决：
　　勾选“强制覆盖已有的分支(可能会丢失改动)”上传(push)。

整合Gitosis和redmine:
redmine的运行用户需與Gitosis的用戶一致.
　　
　　分支
$ git checkout -b i18n master
$ git add . 
$ git commit -a -m "國際化" 
$ git push origin i18n 

標簽
$ git checkout master
$ git tag 1.2.1
上传本地tag到远程仓库:
$ git push origin --tags

参考：
http://scie.nti.st/2007/11/14/hosting-git-repositories-the-easy-and-secure-way
http://blog.longwin.com.tw/2011/03/linux-gitosis-git-server-2011/
http://www.jiangmiao.org/blog/1600.html
http://download.fedora.redhat.com/pub/epel/5/i386/epel-release-5-3.noarch.rpm
http://blog.yunvi.com/272.html
http://blog.iyunv.com/space.php?uid=405749&do=blog&id=28049