实战3 Nginx结合MongoDB数据库

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•                                                             Mongodb官方文档：http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/
• 一、介绍Mongodb的web管理界面
  

1、Mongodb的安装
2、启动Mongodb以及web管理端口
注释：截取一部分参数

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[iyunv@mongodb ~]# mongod --help Options: General options:   -f [ --config ] arg         configuration file specifying additional options   --quiet                     quieter output   --port arg                  specify port number - 27017 by default   --dbpath arg (=/data/db)    directory for datafiles - defaults to /data/db/   --logpath arg               log file to send write to instead of stdout - has   --httpinterface             enable http interface   --fork                      fork server process   --rest                      turn on simple rest api 注意：默认情况下mongodb 2.6版本的管理关口是是关闭的 --httpinterface：启用mongodb的http的端口 [iyunv@mongodb ~]# mongod --httpinterface 2014-06-10T16:19:00.067-0400 [initandlisten] MongoDB starting : pid=6157 port=27017 dbpath=/data/db 64-bit host=mongodb 2014-06-10T16:19:00.068-0400 [initandlisten] db version v2.6.1 2014-06-10T16:19:00.068-0400 [initandlisten] git version: 4b95b086d2374bdcfcdf2249272fb552c9c726e8 2014-06-10T16:19:00.068-0400 [initandlisten] build info: Linux build14.nj1.10gen.cc 2.6.32-431.3.1.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Fri Jan 3 21:39:27 UTC 2014 x86_64 BOOST_LIB_VERSION=1_49 2014-06-10T16:19:00.068-0400 [initandlisten] allocator: tcmalloc 2014-06-10T16:19:00.068-0400 [initandlisten] options: { net: { http: { enabled: true } } } 2014-06-10T16:19:00.198-0400 [initandlisten] journal dir=/data/db/journal 2014-06-10T16:19:00.198-0400 [initandlisten] recover : no journal files present, no recovery needed 2014-06-10T16:19:00.209-0400 [initandlisten] waiting for connections on port 27017 2014-06-10T16:19:00.252-0400 [websvr] admin web console waiting for connections on port 28017

3.访问Mongodb的管理界面 http://172.16.3.126:28017/
二、在Mongodb中存放文件有两种方式：
1、命令行方式mongofiles
#上传图片到mongodb数据库

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[iyunv@mongodb opt]# mongofiles put zhengyansheng.jpg -h 127.0.0.1 -d pics -t jpg connected to: 127.0.0.1 added file: { _id: ObjectId('53976bfee549115e4df63464'), filename: "zhengyansheng.jpg", chunkSize: 261120, uploadDate: new Date(1402432510426), md5: "414c671373903f8093acbace1ab35978", length: 12335, contentType: "jpg" } done! #查看mongodb是否有图片 [iyunv@mongodb opt]# mongo MongoDB shell version: 2.6.1 connecting to: test > use pics switched to db pics > show collections fs.chunks fs.files system.indexes > db.fs.files.find() { "_id" : ObjectId("53976bfee549115e4df63464"), "filename" : "zhengyansheng.jpg", "chunkSize" : 261120, "uploadDate" : ISODate("2014-06-10T20:35:10.426Z"), "md5" : "414c671373903f8093acbace1ab35978", "length" : 12335, "contentType" : "jpg" } >

2、客户端编程
#程序执行上传
#PHP 上传图片至mongodb
#注意在lamp或者lnmp环境才能执行上传

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<?php $conn = new Mongo("127.0.0.1:27017"); $db = $conn->pics; $grid = $db->getGridFS(); //直接上传图片 //$id = $grid->put('/opt/server.jpg', array('filename' => 'server.jpg')); //二进制流形式写入 $data = file_get_contents('/tmp/server.jpg'); $id = $grid->storeBytes($data, array('filename' => 'server.jpg')); $result = $grid->find();print_r($result); $conn->close(); ?>

三、安装nginx的插件nginx-gridfs

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gridfs为nginx的扩展模块 mdirolf-nginx-gridfs-v0.8-0-gb5f8113.tar.gz的下载地址 https://download.github.com/mdir ... 8-0-gb5f8113.tar.gz mongodb-mongo-c-driver为gridfs连接mongodb数据库的驱动 mongodb-mongo-c-driver-v0.3-0-g74cc0b8.tar.gz的下载地址 https://download.github.com/mong ... 3-0-g74cc0b8.tar.gz [iyunv@mongodb src]# tar xf nginx-gridfs-0.8.tar.gz [iyunv@mongodb src]# tar xf mongo-c-driver-0.3.1.tar.gz [iyunv@mongodb src]# ll total 80 drwxrwxr-x. 6 root root  4096 May 12  2011 mongo-c-driver-0.3.1 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 53024 Jun 11  2014 mongo-c-driver-0.3.1.tar.gz drwxrwxr-x. 3 root root  4096 Apr 14  2011 nginx-gridfs-0.8 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 18883 Jun 11  2014 nginx-gridfs-0.8.tar.gz [iyunv@mongodb src]# ll nginx-gridfs-0.8/mongo-c-driver/ total 0 [iyunv@mongodb src]# mv mongo-c-driver-0.3.1/* nginx-gridfs-0.8/mongo-c-driver/

四、编译nginx并添加模块nginx-gridfs
1、安装nginx

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yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ make unzip wget vim openssh-clients unzip pcre-8.33.zip cd pcre-8.33 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pcre make && make install cd .. tar xf zlib-1.2.8.tar.gz cd zlib-1.2.8 ./configure  --prefix=/usr/local/zlib make && make install cd .. tar xf openssl-1.0.0l.tar.gz cd openssl-1.0.0l ./config --prefix=/usr/local/openssl make && make install cd .. groupadd -r nginx useradd -g nginx -r -s /sbin/nologin nginx tar xf nginx-1.4.7.tar.gz cd nginx-1.4.7 ./configure \ --user=nginx \ --group=nginx \ --prefix=/usr/local/nginx \ --with-pcre=../pcre-8.33 \ --with-zlib=../zlib-1.2.8 \ --with-openssl=../openssl-1.0.0l \ --with-http_stub_status_module \ --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log \ --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log \ --pid-path=/var/run/nginx/nginx.pid  \ --lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock \ --with-http_gzip_static_module \ --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/proxy/ \ --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/fcgi/ \ --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/uwsgi \ --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/scgi \ --add-module=/usr/local/src/nginx-gridfs-0.8 make -j8 && make install -j8 ===vim /etc/init.d/nginx=== #!/bin/sh # # nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon # # chkconfig:   - 85 15 # description:  Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \ #               proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server # processname: nginx # config:      /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf # config:      /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx # pidfile:     /var/run/nginx.pid # Source function library. . /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions # Source networking configuration. . /etc/sysconfig/network # Check that networking is up. [ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0 nginx="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx" prog=$(basename $nginx) NGINX_CONF_FILE="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf" [ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx make_dirs() {    # make required directories    user=`nginx -V 2>&1 | grep "configure arguments:" | sed 's/[^*]*--user=\([^ ]*\).*/\1/g' -`    options=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep 'configure arguments:'`    for opt in $options; do        if [ `echo $opt | grep '.*-temp-path'` ]; then            value=`echo $opt | cut -d "=" -f 2`            if [ ! -d "$value" ]; then                # echo "creating" $value                mkdir -p $value && chown -R $user $value            fi        fi    done } start() {     [ -x $nginx ] || exit 5     [ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6     make_dirs     echo -n $"Starting $prog: "     daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE     retval=$?     echo     [ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile     return $retval } stop() {     echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "     killproc $prog -QUIT     retval=$?     echo     [ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile     return $retval } restart() {     configtest || return $?     stop     sleep 1     start } reload() {     configtest || return $?     echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "     killproc $nginx -HUP     RETVAL=$?     echo } force_reload() {     restart } configtest() {   $nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE } rh_status() {     status $prog } rh_status_q() {     rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1 } case "$1" in     start)         rh_status_q && exit 0         $1         ;;     stop)         rh_status_q || exit 0         $1         ;;     restart|configtest)         $1         ;;     reload)         rh_status_q || exit 7         $1         ;;     force-reload)         force_reload         ;;     status)         rh_status         ;;     condrestart|try-restart)         rh_status_q || exit 0             ;;     *)         echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"         exit 2 esac ====赋予权限 chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx chkconfig --add /etc/init.d/nginx chkconfig nginx on ====启动nginx服务 service nginx start

2、配置nginx规则

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location /pics/ {     gridfs pics field=filename type=string;     mongo 127.0.0.1:27017; } #参数解释 gridfs：nginx识别插件的关键字 pics：db名 [root_collection]: 选择collection，如root_collection=blog， mongod就会去找blog.files与blog.chunks两个块，默认是fs [field]：查询字段，保证mongdb里有这个字段名，支持_id, filename, 可省略, 默认是_id [type]：解释field的数据类型，支持objectid, int, string, 可省略, 默认是int [user]：用户名, 可省略 [pass]：密码, 可省略 mongo：mongodb url

    重新启动nginx

1	service nginx restart

3、访问nginx中mongodb的图片资源

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这里需要证明一个结论：就是Mongodb不缓存在客户端的浏览器中 做个试验来证明我的结论 首先我们来访问nginx的默认首页 访问：http://172.16.3.126/ [iyunv@mongodb ~]# tail -f /usr/local/nginx/logs/access.log 172.16.3.136 - - [10/Jun/2014:17:11:35 -0400] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 612 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/34.0.1847.131 Safari/537.36" "-" 172.16.3.136 - - [10/Jun/2014:17:11:35 -0400] "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 404 570 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/34.0.1847.131 Safari/537.36" "-" 172.16.3.136 - - [10/Jun/2014:17:11:48 -0400] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/34.0.1847.131 Safari/537.36" "-" 172.16.3.136 - - [10/Jun/2014:17:11:51 -0400] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/34.0.1847.131 Safari/537.36" "-" 172.16.3.136 - - [10/Jun/2014:17:11:56 -0400] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/34.0.1847.131 Safari/537.36" "-" 再次访问mongodb 访问：http://172.16.3.126/pics/zhengyansheng.jpg [iyunv@mongodb ~]# tail -f /usr/local/nginx/logs/access.log 172.16.3.136 - - [10/Jun/2014:17:12:40 -0400] "GET /pics/zhengyansheng.jpg HTTP/1.1" 200 12335 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/34.0.1847.131 Safari/537.36" "-" 172.16.3.136 - - [10/Jun/2014:17:12:40 -0400] "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 404 570 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/34.0.1847.131 Safari/537.36" "-" 172.16.3.136 - - [10/Jun/2014:17:12:55 -0400] "GET /pics/zhengyansheng.jpg HTTP/1.1" 200 12335 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/34.0.1847.131 Safari/537.36" "-" 172.16.3.136 - - [10/Jun/2014:17:12:58 -0400] "GET /pics/zhengyansheng.jpg HTTP/1.1" 200 12335 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/34.0.1847.131 Safari/537.36" "-" 大家注意看状态码会发现，当我们访问nginx的默认首页的时候状态码是200-->304-->304-->304  说明从浏览器取的缓存                         当我们访问mongodb的时候状态吗是200-->200-->200-->200    说明每次都是从服务器取的资源