CentOS 5编译MySQL 5.5

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my.cnf配置:
[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
user=mysql
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
default-character-set=utf8
init-connect='SET NAMES utf8'

[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

[client]
default-character-set=utf8

操作系统：CentOS release 5.4 (Final)
数据库：MySQL-5.5.20-1.linux2.6.x86_64.tar
系统环境：
gcc gcc-c++ autoconf automake zlib* libxml* ncurses-devel libmcrypt* libtool*(libtool-ltdl-devel*)

# yum –y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf automake zlib* libxml* ncurses-devel libmcrypt* libtool*

建立MySQL安装目录及数据存放目录
[iyunv@cncloud download]# mkdir /usr/local/mysql
[iyunv@cncloud download]# mkdir /var/mysqldata

查看系统中现有的用户和用户组是否包含了mysql
[iyunv@cncloud ~]# grep -in mysql /etc/passwd /etc/group
/etc/passwd:36:mysql:x:500:503::/data/mysqldata:/sbin/nologin
/etc/group:49:mysql:x:503:

如果没有找到，创建用户和用户组
groudadd mysql
useradd -g mysql mysql

赋予数据存放目录权限
chown mysql.mysql -R /var/mysqldata

安装cmake，MySQL 5.5以后是通过cmake来编译的
下载地址：http://www.cmake.org/files/v2.8/cmake-2.8.7.tar.gz

wget http://www.cmake.org/files/v2.8/cmake-2.8.7.tar.gz
./configure
gmake && make install

安装MySQL-5.5.20-1.linux2.6.x86_64.tar
wget http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.5/mysql-5.5.20.tar.gz

tar zxvf mysql-5.5.20.tar.gz

cd mysql-5.5.20

cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/var/mysqldata/mysql.sock \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS:STRING=utf8,gbk \
-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_READLINE=1 \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/var/mysqldata \
-DMYSQL_USER=mysql \
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306

gmake
make install

安装成功后，进入安装目录：
cd /usr/local/mysql
复制配置文件：
[iyunv@cncloud mysql]# cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf

初始化数据库
[iyunv@cncloud mysql]# chmod 755 scripts/mysql_install_db
[iyunv@cncloud mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/var/mysqldata/
Installing MySQL system tables...
OK
Filling help tables...
OK

To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy
support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system

PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:

/usr/local/mysql//bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
/usr/local/mysql//bin/mysqladmin -u root -h cncloud.com.cn password 'new-passwor                                                                                        d'

Alternatively you can run:
/usr/local/mysql//bin/mysql_secure_installation

which will also give you the option of removing the test
databases and anonymous user created by default.  This is
strongly recommended for production servers.

See the manual for more instructions.

You can start the MySQL daemon with:
cd /usr/local/mysql/ ; /usr/local/mysql//bin/mysqld_safe &

You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl
cd /usr/local/mysql//mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl

Please report any problems with the /usr/local/mysql//scripts/mysqlbug script!

设置mysql开机启动：
[iyunv@cncloud mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql

[iyunv@cncloud mysql]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysql
[iyunv@cncloud mysql]# chkconfig mysql on

启动mysql服务：
[iyunv@cncloud mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysql start
Starting MySQL....

查看命令是否启动：
[iyunv@cncloud mysql]# ps -ef | grep mysql
root      5234     1  0 13:52 pts/8    00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/var/mysqldata --pid-file=/var/mysqldata/cncloud.com.cn.pid
mysql     5500  5234  0 13:53 pts/8    00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/var/mysqldata --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/var/mysqldata/cncloud.com.cn.err --pid-file=/var/mysqldata/cncloud.com.cn.pid --socket=/var/mysqldata/mysql.sock --port=3306
root      6114 11649  0 13:54 pts/8    00:00:00 grep mysql

设置MySQL编码：（自己编译的加入以下配置会启动报错，可能是字符集冲突，在编译的时候已经设定了）
vim /etc/my.cnf
[client]
#password       = your_password
port            = 3306
socket          = /var/mysqldata/mysql.sock
default-character-set=utf8
# Here follows entries for some specific programs

# The MySQL server
[mysqld]
port            = 3306
socket          = /var/mysqldata/mysql.sock
skip-external-locking
key_buffer_size = 16M
max_allowed_packet = 1M
table_open_cache = 64
sort_buffer_size = 512K
net_buffer_length = 8K
read_buffer_size = 256K
read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M
default-character-set=utf8
init-connect='SET NAMES utf8'


设置密码：
mysqladmin -u root password '123456'

mysql -uroot -p123456