web项目在CENTOS上从零开始配置

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安装服务器前装相应的扩展

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【适用CentOS操作系统】利用CentOS Linux系统自带的yum命令安装、升级所需的程序库（RedHat等其他Linux发行版可从安装光盘中找到这些程序库的RPM包，进行安装）：

sudo -s

LANG=C

yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel krb5 krb5-devel libidn libidn-devel openssl openssl-devel openldap openldap-devel nss_ldap openldap-clients openldap-servers



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mysql 安装

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shell> groupadd mysql

shell> useradd -r -g mysql mysql

shell> cd /usr/local

shell> tar zxvf /sinykkdata/webserver/mysql-5.5.16-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz

shell> ln -s mysql-5.5.16-linux2.6-x86_64 mysql

shell> cd mysql

shell> chown -R mysql .

shell> chgrp -R mysql .

shell> scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql

shell> chown -R root .

shell> chown -R mysql data

# Next command is optional

shell> cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf


注意：改变权限时使用的点

一个点（.）代表着当前目录。

二个点（..）代表着上级目录，原理是一样的。



7）启动MySQL服务

# bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &

//启动MySQL(The & character tells the operating system to run MySQL in the background;

//it is ignored by MySQL itself.

//如果报错，注意及时查看/usr/local/mysql/var/下的日志文件)


8）设置MySQL启动服务

# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

# chkconfig --add mysqld //在自动启动列表里添加mysqld

# chkconfig --level 345 mysqld on


9）修改MySQL密码

# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password' //修改密码

// 将localhost替换成你的主机域名，比如：zhaorg.csu.edu.cn




10）登录mysql数据库：


# mysql -u root -p

Enter password: root

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 18 to server version: 5.0.19-log

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer.

mysql> use mysql;

mysql>delete from user where password=""; //删除用于本机匿名连接的空密码帐号

mysql>flush privileges;

mysql>quit


（或者，也可运行如下命令（Alternatively you can run)：

# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_secure_installation

//which will also give you the option of removing the test

//databases and anonymous user created by default. This is

//strongly recommended for production servers.）


11）关闭MySQL服务


# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root -p new-password shutdown //关闭MySQL



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nginx 安装

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#tar zxvf nginx-1.0.8.tar.gz

#cd nginx

#./configure
　　
#user  nobody;

worker_processes  1;


error_log  logs/error.log;

#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;

#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

pid        logs/nginx.pid;



events{

        use epoll;

        worker_connections 51200;

    }



http {

    include       mime.types;

    default_type  application/octet-stream;


    client_max_body_size 200m;


    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '

    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '

    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';


    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;


    sendfile        on;

    #tcp_nopush     on;


    #keepalive_timeout  0;

    keepalive_timeout  65;


    #gzip  on;


    server {

        listen       80;

        server_name  .sinykk.com;

    index index.html index.htm index.php;

    root  /home/wwwroot/;

    error_page 404 = /404.php;

        #charset koi8-r;


        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;


        location / {

            index  index.html index.htm index.php;

        if (!-e $request_filename){

            rewrite ^(.*)$ /index.php?s=$1 last;

            break;

        }

        }


        #error_page  404              /404.html;


        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html

        #

        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;

        location = /50x.html {

            root   html;

        }


        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80

        #

        #location ~ \.php$ {

           # proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;

        #}


        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000

        #

       location ~ \.php$ {

            #root           html;

            fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;

            fastcgi_index  index.php;

            #fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;

        fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;

            include        fastcgi_params;

        }

    location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf|js|css)$ {

        expires      30d;

    }


    }



}


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php 安装

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下面开始安装5.3.8


tar -zxvf php-5.3.8.tar.gz

cd php-5.3.8

//安装时要记得装MYSQL扩展--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql   --with-jpeg-dir 否者在创建JPEG图片时会错误,ffmpeg-php也会截不了图



./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-configure-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local --enable-fpm --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --with-gd --with-curl --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config  --enable-gd-native-ttf --enable-sockets --enable-zip --with-jpeg-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-png-dir --enable-shared


如果后面MAKE报错时，要考虑是否一些基本的扩展或库未装（一般通过YUM 一键来装）


#make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv' //可以不要


#make


# make install


# cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini


# cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf


接下来，根据需要，编辑 php-fpm.conf 文件中 的若干参数，重要的是监听 IP 地址和端口等，比如 127.0.0.1:9000


pid = run/php-fpm.pid


error_log = log/php-fpm.log


listen = 127.0.0.1:9000



user = www

group = www


pm.start_servers = 20


pm.min_spare_servers = 5


pm.max_spare_servers = 35


然后设置 php-fpm 的控制脚本，控制启动和重启、关闭等；


# cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm


# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm


# /sbin/chkconfig -–add php-fpm


# /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm start



也可以如下示例：

php-fpm 关闭：

kill -INT 'cat /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid'

php-fpm 重启：

kill -USR2 'cat /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid'


查看php-fpm进程数：


ps aux | grep -c php-fpm




到此，安装配置完毕。



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memcache配置

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libevent-2.0.15-stable.tar.gz

memcache-2.2.6.tgz

memcached-1.4.9.tar.gz



tar vxzf memcache-2.2.6.tgz

cd memcache-2.2.6

/usr/local/php/bin/phpize

./configure –-enable-memcache –-with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config –-with-zlib-dir

make

make install


memcached -d -m 10 -u root -l 122.225.117.253 -p 11211 -c 256 -P /tmp/memcached.pid



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coreseek(sphinx)配置

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tar -zxvf libiconv-1.13.1.tar.gz

cd libiconv-1.13.1

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libiconv

make

make install


安装按http://www.coreseek.cn/products-install/install_on_bsd_linux/



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httpsqs 配置

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ulimit -SHn 65535


wget http://httpsqs.googlecode.com/files/libevent-2.0.12-stable.tar.gz

tar zxvf libevent-2.0.12-stable.tar.gz

cd libevent-2.0.12-stable/

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libevent-2.0.12-stable/

make

make install

cd ../


wget http://httpsqs.googlecode.com/files/tokyocabinet-1.4.47.tar.gz

tar zxvf tokyocabinet-1.4.47.tar.gz

cd tokyocabinet-1.4.47/

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/tokyocabinet-1.4.47/

#注：在32位Linux操作系统上编译Tokyo cabinet，请使用./configure --enable-off64代替./configure，可以使数据库文件突破2GB的限制。

#./configure --enable-off64 --prefix=/usr/local/tokyocabinet-1.4.47/

make

make install

cd ../


wget http://httpsqs.googlecode.com/files/httpsqs-1.7.tar.gz

tar zxvf httpsqs-1.7.tar.gz

cd httpsqs-1.7/

make

make install

cd ../


注意：这个是里面的安装文件夹不能改如 --prefix=/usr/local/libevent-2.0.12-stable/不能改为 --prefix=/usr/local/libevent/

参考：http://blog.s135.com/httpsqs/


请使用命令“killall httpsqs”、“pkill httpsqs”和“kill `cat /tmp/httpsqs.pid`”来停止httpsqs。

注意：请不要使用命令“pkill -9 httpsqs”和“kill -9  httpsqs的进程ID”来结束httpsqs，否则，内存中尚未保存到磁盘的数据将会丢失。







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ffmpeg 配置

注：ffmpeg ffmpeg-devel为YUM安装  FFMPEG-PHP 需要修改源码

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译安装ffmpeg非常的麻烦，还好我们找到了一个yum源可以方便的安装ffmpeg以及ffmpeg-dev，下面是步骤：


(1)

vi /etc/yum.repos.d/dag.repo

输入：


[dag]

name=Dag RPM Repository for Red Hat Enterprise Linux

baseurl=http://apt.sw.be/redhat/el$releasever/en/$basearch/dag

gpgcheck=1

enabled=1


导入Dag的RPM_GPG_KEY,否则提示没有key无法安装


wget http://dag.wieers.com/packages/RPM-GPG-KEY.dag.txt

rpm -import RPM-GPG-KEY.dag.txt


安装ffmpeg&ffmpeg-php


yum install ffmpeg ffmpeg-devel



(2)


wget http://ncu.dl.sourceforge.net/project/ffmpeg-php/ffmpeg-php/0.6.0/ffmpeg-php-0.6.0.tbz2

tar -xjf ffmpeg-php-0.6.0.tbz2

cd ffmpeg-php

#/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize

#./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config

#make

#make install



######################################################

如果在make 中发现错误提示：make: *** [ffmpeg_frame.lo] Error 1

则：

1 mv ffmpeg_frame.loT ffmpeg_frame.lo



如果有ffmepg-php模块错误提示：php: symbol lookup error: /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/ffmpeg.so: undefined symbol: register_ffmpeg_frame_class

nm /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/ffmpeg.so|grep register_ffmpeg_frame_class

#输出U register_ffmpeg_frame_class


则修改ffmpeg_frame.c,将3处的PIX_FMT_RGBA32 更改为PIX_FMT_RGB32即可。

#vi ffmpeg_frame.c

#:%s/PIX_FMT_RGBA32/PIX_FMT_RGB32

#:wq!

#./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config

#make test
　　
#make

#make install
　　
　　
　　
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　　root/php-5.2.12/ext/xmlrpc/libxmlrpc/encodings.c:73: undefined reference to `libiconv_open'



/root/php-5.2.12/ext/xmlrpc/libxmlrpc/encodings.c:81: undefined reference to `libiconv'



/root/php-5.2.12/ext/xmlrpc/libxmlrpc/encodings.c:101: undefined reference to `libiconv_close'



collect2: ld returned 1 exit status



make: *** [sapi/cli/php] ?.. 1









处理方法：

./configure ............




vi Makefile



找到下面这行：


EXTRA_LIBS = -lcrypt ...
在最后添加-liconv
保存后make通过；make install通过。