redhat yum install

蔡7180

　　注]请以root身份操作
由于 redhat的yum在线更新是收费的，如果没有注册的话不能使用，如果要使用，需将redhat的yum卸载后，重启安装，再配置其他源
解决办法：
1、首先到http://mirrors.163.com/centos下载软件包

    x86 地址：http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/i386/Packages/

    x86_64 地址：http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/

    x86_64 地址1： http://ftp.nara.wide.ad.jp/pub/Linux/centos/6.5/os/x86_64/Packages/
    必要下载的软件包有（以64位系统为例）：

    1>  python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm

    2>  yum-3.2.29-40.el6.centos.noarch.rpm

    3>  yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm

    4>  yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-14.el6.noarch.rpm

下载命令：
wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-3.2.29-60.el6.centos.noarch.rpm


wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-30.el6.noarch.rpm


[注] :版本不一定要最新的(http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/ 查找对应版本)


卸载RedHat自带的yum
rpm -qa | grep yum | xargs rpm -e --nodeps
3、安装下载的centos的yum包：
    rpm -ivh python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm
    rpm -ivh yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm
    rpm -ivh yum-3.2.29-60.el6.centos.noarch.rpm yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-30.el6.noarch.rpm

[注] :最后2个需要一起安装，否则会出现依赖性错误
4、到http://mirrors.163.com的 centos帮助文档 中下载CentOS6-Base-163.repo文件，存放到/etc/yum.repo.d中
wget http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS6-Base-163.repo
5、编辑CentOS6-Base-163.repo文件，将其中的$releasever更改为centos的版本号下面是修改好的：


# CentOS-Base.repo 
# 
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the 
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and 
# geographically close to the client.  You should use this for CentOS updates 
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors. 
# 
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the  
# remarked out baseurl= line instead. 
# 
# 
 
 
[base] 
name=CentOS-6.5 - Base - 163.com 
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.5/os/$basearch/ 
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6.5&arch=$basearch&repo=os 
gpgcheck=1 
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6 
 
 
#released updates  
[updates] 
name=CentOS-6.5 - Updates - 163.com 
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.5/updates/$basearch/ 
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6.5&arch=$basearch&repo=updates 
gpgcheck=1 
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6 
 
 
#additional packages that may be useful 
[extras] 
name=CentOS-6.5 - Extras - 163.com 
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.5/extras/$basearch/ 
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6.5&arch=$basearch&repo=extras 
gpgcheck=1 
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6 
 
 
#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages 
[centosplus] 
name=CentOS-6.5 - Plus - 163.com 
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.5/centosplus/$basearch/ 
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6.5&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus 
gpgcheck=1 
enabled=0 
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6 
 
 
#contrib - packages by Centos Users 
[contrib] 
name=CentOS-6.5 - Contrib - 163.com 
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.5/contrib/$basearch/ 
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6.5&arch=$basearch&repo=contrib 
gpgcheck=1 
enabled=0 
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6


6、yum clean all 清除原有缓存
7、yum makecache  获取yum列表
出现下面提示，表示yum更改完成：
Metadata Cache Created

脚本：
#!/bin/bash 
PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:~/bin 
export PATH 
 
# Check if user is root 
if [ $(id -u) != "0" ]; then 
    echo "Error: You must be root to run this script" 
    exit 1 
fi 
 
clear 
echo "=========================================================================" 
echo "Replace Redhat Enterprise Yum to CentOS Yum and Repos,  Written by Licess" 
echo "=========================================================================" 
 
 
 
# uninstall rhel yum 
echo "Uninstall Rhel Yum......" 
rpm -qa|grep yum|xargs rpm -e --nodeps 
# delete old rpm 
echo "Clean old cache......" 
rm -rf python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm 
rm -rf yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm 
rm -rf yum-3.2.29-60.el6.centos.noarch.rpm 
rm -rf yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-30.el6.noarch.rpm 
 
# download CentOS Yum 
echo "Download Python-iniparse......" 
wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6. ... -2.1.el6.noarch.rpm 
 
echo "Download yum-metadata-parse......" 
wget  http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6. ... 2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm 
 
echo "Download yum......" 
wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6. ... 6.centos.noarch.rpm 
 
echo "Download yum fastmirror......" 
wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6. ... 0-14.el6.noarch.rpm 
 
# install CentOS Yum 
echo "Installing......" 
rpm -ivh  python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm 
rpm -ivh  yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm 
rpm -ivh  yum-3.2.29-40.el6.centos.noarch.rpm yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-14.el6.noarch.rpm 
 
# replace repos 
rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo 
echo "[base] 
name=CentOS-6.5 - Base - 163.com 
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.5/os/x86_64/ 
#mirrorlist=http://mirrors.163.com/?release=6.5&arch=$basearch&repo=os 
gpgcheck=1 
gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6 
 
#released updates  
[updates] 
name=CentOS-6.5 - Updates - 163.com 
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.5/updates/x86_64/ 
#mirrorlist=http://mirrors.163.com/?release=6.5&arch=$basearch&repo=updates 
gpgcheck=1 
gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6 
 
#additional packages that may be useful 
[extras] 
name=CentOS-6.5 - Extras - 163.com 
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.5/extras/x86_64/ 
#mirrorlist=http://mirrors.163.com/?release=6.5&arch=$basearch&repo=extras 
gpgcheck=1 
gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6 
 
#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages 
[centosplus] 
name=CentOS-6.5 - Plus - 163.com 
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.5/centosplus/x86_64/ 
#mirrorlist=http://mirrors.163.com/?release=6.5&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus 
gpgcheck=1 
enabled=0 
gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6 
 
#contrib - packages by Centos Users 
[contrib] 
name=CentOS-6.5 - Contrib - 163.com 
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.5/contrib/x86_64/ 
#mirrorlist=http://mirrors.163.com/?release=6.5&arch=$basearch&repo=contrib 
gpgcheck=1 
enabled=0 
gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6" >> /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo 
 
##### 
yum clean all 
yum makecache 
yum update 
 
 
 
echo "==========================================================================" 
echo "You have successfully replace RedhatEnterprise Yum to CentOS yum and repos" 
echo "=========================================================================="