RedHat Enterprise 6.5环境下使用eAccelerator优化网站性能

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第一步：在做优化之前，首先对网站服务器的硬件做一下检测
1，内存信息：2G内存，swap容量为4G
[iyunv@linuxcast ~]# free -m
             total       used       free     shared    buffers     cached
Mem:          1870       1228        642          0         47        435
-/+ buffers/cache:        744       1125
Swap:         4095          0       4095

2，cpu信息，也可以通过cat /proc/cpuinfo查看
[iyunv@linuxcast ~]# lscpu
Architecture:          x86_64
CPU op-mode(s):        32-bit, 64-bit
Byte Order:            Little Endian
CPU(s):                1
On-line CPU(s) list:   0
Thread(s) per core:    1
Core(s) per socket:    1
Socket(s):             1
NUMA node(s):          1
Vendor ID:             GenuineIntel
CPU family:            6
Model:                 58
Stepping:              9
CPU MHz:               3569.819
BogoMIPS:              7139.63
Hypervisor vendor:     VMware
Virtualization type:   full
L1d cache:             32K
L1i cache:             32K
L2 cache:              256K
L3 cache:              8192K
NUMA node0 CPU(s):     0
[iyunv@linuxcast ~]#

3，查看磁盘的续写性能：读取速度为：2544MB，吸入速度为847MB
[iyunv@linuxcast ~]# hdparm -t /dev/sda

/dev/sda:
Timing buffered disk reads: 2544 MB in  3.00 seconds = 847.63 MB/sec
[iyunv@linuxcast ~]#

4，对网站首页进行压力测试：ab命令
对指定网页进行10次并发，1000次请求进行压力测试：返回的结果是10.13
也就是说一天24小时可以承受的请求数量为：10*60*60*24=86400

[iyunv@linuxcast ~]# ab -c 10 -n 1000 http://www.linuxcast.net/index.php
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 655654 $>
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/

Benchmarking www.linuxcast.net (be patient)
Completed 100 requests
Completed 200 requests
Completed 300 requests
Completed 400 requests
Completed 500 requests
Completed 600 requests
Completed 700 requests
Completed 800 requests
Completed 900 requests
Completed 1000 requests
Finished 1000 requests


Server Software:        Apache/2.2.15
Server Hostname:        www.linuxcast.net
Server Port:            80

Document Path:          /index.php
Document Length:        0 bytes

Concurrency Level:      10
Time taken for tests:   98.761 seconds
Complete requests:      1000
Failed requests:        0
Write errors:           0
Non-2xx responses:      1000
Total transferred:      293000 bytes
HTML transferred:       0 bytes
Requests per second:    9.23 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       987.614 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       98.761 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          2.90 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:        0    0   2.0      0      32
Processing:   355  986  49.7    985    1625
Waiting:      355  983  48.8    982    1605
Total:        355  986  49.7    985    1625

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
  50%    985
  66%    997
  75%   1004
  80%   1010
  90%   1032
  95%   1050
  98%   1076
  99%   1097
100%   1625 (longest request)
[iyunv@linuxcast ~]#

第二步：安装eAccelerator，提升网站性能
1，安装Development Tool工具
yum groupinstall -y "Development Tools"
2，安装php-devel
注：可以在pkgs.org上下载相关的版本（必须和php版本相同）
[iyunv@linuxcast ~]# rpm -qa | grep php
php-pdo-5.3.3-26.el6.x86_64
php-gd-5.3.3-26.el6.x86_64
php-5.3.3-26.el6.x86_64
php-common-5.3.3-26.el6.x86_64
php-devel-5.3.3-26.el6.x86_64
php-mysql-5.3.3-26.el6.x86_64
php-xml-5.3.3-26.el6.x86_64
php-cli-5.3.3-26.el6.x86_64
php-pear-1.9.4-4.el6.noarch
[iyunv@linuxcast ~]# cd
[iyunv@linuxcast ~]# wget http://mirror.centos.org/centos/ ... 3-26.el6.x86_64.rpm
--2014-08-08 14:11:48--  http://mirror.centos.org/centos/ ... 3-26.el6.x86_64.rpm
[iyunv@linuxcast ~]# rpm -ivh php-devel-5.3.3-26.el6.x86_64.rpm
3，下载并安装eAccelerator

[iyunv@linuxcast ~]# cd /usr/local/

下载eAccelerator并命名为master.zip：
[iyunv@linuxcast local]# wget https://github.com/eaccelerator/eaccelerator/zipball/master -O master.zip
[iyunv@linuxcast local]# unzip master.zip

重命名解压缩出来的文件夹为eAccelerator：
[iyunv@linuxcast local]# mv eaccelerator-eaccelerator-42067ac/ eaccelerator
[iyunv@linuxcast local]# cd eaccelerator/
[iyunv@linuxcast eaccelerator]# ls
AUTHORS        config.w32   debug.c         eaccelerator.h          ea_dasm.h     ea_restore.h  fnmatch.h      mm.h       optimize.c         win32
bugreport.php  control.php  debug.h         eaccelerator.ini        ea_info.c     ea_store.c    Makefile.frag  NEWS       PHP_Highlight.php
ChangeLog      COPYING      doc             eaccelerator_version.h  ea_info.h     ea_store.h    Makefile.in    opcodes.c  README
config.m4      dasm.php     eaccelerator.c  ea_dasm.c               ea_restore.c  fnmatch.c     mm.c           opcodes.h  README.win32
[iyunv@linuxcast eaccelerator]# ls configure
ls: cannot access configure: No such file or directory

在eAccelerator目录中执行phpize命令，生成configure文件：
[iyunv@linuxcast eaccelerator]# phpize
Configuring for:
PHP Api Version:         20090626
Zend Module Api No:      20090626
Zend Extension Api No:   220090626
[iyunv@linuxcast eaccelerator]# ls configure
configure

安装eAccelerator：
[iyunv@linuxcast eaccelerator]# ./configure
[iyunv@linuxcast eaccelerator]# make && make install


第三步：编辑eAccelerator的配置文件：
在/etc/php.d目录下创建eacceleractor.ini
内容参照：https://github.com/eaccelerator/eaccelerator网页上的
To install as PHP extension:

eAccelerator.ini文件内容：
extension="eaccelerator.so"
eaccelerator.shm_size="16"
eaccelerator.cache_dir="/tmp/eaccelerator"
eaccelerator.enable="1"
eaccelerator.optimizer="1"
eaccelerator.check_mtime="1"
eaccelerator.debug="0"
eaccelerator.filter=""
eaccelerator.shm_ttl="0"
eaccelerator.shm_prune_period="0"
eaccelerator.shm_only="0"


创建eAccelerator虚拟目录：
mkdir /tmp/eaccelerator

设置eAccelerator目录的权限：
chmod 0777 /tmp/eaccelerator


注：配置完成之后需要重新启动httpd服务
service httpd restart

第四步：安装好eAccelerator之后，再次对网站首页进行压力测试：
测试结果：
[iyunv@linuxcast php.d]# ab -c 10 -n 1000 http://www.linuxcast.net/index.php
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 655654 $>
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/

Benchmarking www.linuxcast.net (be patient)
Completed 100 requests
Completed 200 requests
Completed 300 requests
Completed 400 requests
Completed 500 requests
Completed 600 requests
Completed 700 requests
Completed 800 requests
Completed 900 requests
Completed 1000 requests
Finished 1000 requests


Server Software:        Apache/2.2.15
Server Hostname:        www.linuxcast.net
Server Port:            80

Document Path:          /index.php
Document Length:        0 bytes

Concurrency Level:      10
Time taken for tests:   41.735 seconds
Complete requests:      1000
Failed requests:        0
Write errors:           0
Non-2xx responses:      1000
Total transferred:      293000 bytes
HTML transferred:       0 bytes
Requests per second:    23.96 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       417.353 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       41.735 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          6.86 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:        0    0   0.6      0      10
Processing:   179  417  21.9    416     480
Waiting:      178  415  21.7    415     480
Total:        179  417  21.9    416     480

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
  50%    416
  66%    423
  75%    429
  80%    432
  90%    440
  95%    450
  98%    461
  99%    466
100%    480 (longest request)
[iyunv@linuxcast php.d]#

可以看到优化后的返回结果为：Requests per second:    23.96 [#/sec] (mean)
也就是说，是优化之前的三倍。

php的加速器除了eAccelerator之外还有xcache、APC（Alternative PHP Cache）等...