Linux centos安装mysql（解压手动安装）

221rrere

  系统版本：  [iyunv@localhost ~]# uname -r
2.6.32-358.el6.i686
[iyunv@localhost ~]# cat /etc/issue
CentOS release 6.4 (Final)
Kernel \r on an \m
    下载linux generic 32bit的mysql包(http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/ )。
    步骤开始：

    1，直接wget下载，或者下载后上传到服务器端。


    2，解压。


    3，将解压生成的mysql目录复制到/usr/local/mysql，并在其下新建data目录。


    4，新建用户mysql和用户组mysql，并将mysql目录进行权限修改。
[iyunv@localhost local]# pwd
/usr/local
[iyunv@localhost local]# chown -R mysql:mysql mysql/
[iyunv@localhost mysql]# ll
total 56
drwxr-xr-x.  2 mysql mysql  4096 Jun 26 01:42 bin
-rw-r--r--.  1 mysql mysql 17987 Jun 26 01:42 COPYING
drwxr-xr-x.  5 mysql mysql  4096 Jun 26 04:40 data
drwxr-xr-x.  2 mysql mysql  4096 Jun 26 01:42 docs
drwxr-xr-x.  3 mysql mysql  4096 Jun 26 01:42 include
drwxr-xr-x.  5 mysql mysql  4096 Jun 26 01:43 lib
drwxr-xr-x.  4 mysql mysql  4096 Jun 26 01:42 man
-rw-r--r--.  1 mysql mysql  2478 Jun 26 01:39 README
drwxr-xr-x. 28 mysql mysql  4096 Jun 26 01:42 share
drwxr-xr-x.  2 mysql mysql  4096 Jun 26 01:43 support-files
[iyunv@localhost mysql]#
[iyunv@localhost mysql]# pwd
/usr/local/mysql

    5，初始化数据。
[iyunv@localhost mysql]# ./bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/
[iyunv@localhost mysql]#

    6，复制配制文件。

[iyunv@localhost mysql]# cp -a ./support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
[iyunv@localhost mysql]#

    7，将Mysql的服务脚本放到/etc/init.d/目录下。

[iyunv@localhost mysql]# cp -a ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[iyunv@localhost mysql]#

    8，启动服务。

[iyunv@localhost mysql]# service mysqld restart   
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!
Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS!
[iyunv@localhost mysql]#

    9，查看初始密码，并登录mysql。

[iyunv@localhost mysql]# cat /root/.mysql_secret
# Password set for user 'root@localhost' at 2016-06-26 02:48:47
:jiDfmi%5kaK
[iyunv@localhost mysql]# ./bin/mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: （此处输入上述密码）
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.13

Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>
mysql> status    （下面会有报错，提示需要修改密码后再执行命令）
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
mysql>

    10，修改mysql登录密码。
[iyunv@localhost mysql]# ./bin/mysqladmin -uroot -p password
Enter password: （输入上述老密码）
New password:
Confirm new password:
Warning: Since password will be sent to server in plain text, use ssl connection to ensure password safety.
[iyunv@localhost mysql]#

    11，使用新密码即可登录mysql。

[iyunv@localhost mysql]# ./bin/mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: （新密码）
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 5.7.13 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> select version();
+-----------+
| version() |
+-----------+
| 5.7.13    |
+-----------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

mysql>

    12，至此mysql安装完成。

---

报错解决：
    1，

[iyunv@localhost mysql-5.7.13]# ./bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
2016-06-26 02:47:09 [WARNING] mysql_install_db is deprecated. Please consider switching to mysqld --initialize
2016-06-26 02:47:09 [ERROR]   The data directory needs to be specified.

    解决：需要新建data目录，指定安装目录(在非默认目录时需要指定，默认路径：/usr/local/mysql，同时需要指定./support-files/mysql.server中的basedir和datadir为相应路径)。

[iyunv@localhost mysql-5.7.13]# ./bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.13/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.13/data/
2016-06-26 02:48:47 [WARNING] mysql_install_db is deprecated. Please consider switching to mysqld --initialize
2016-06-26 02:49:19 [WARNING] The bootstrap log isn't empty:
2016-06-26 02:49:19 [WARNING] 2016-06-26T09:48:50.798592Z 0 [Warning] --bootstrap is deprecated. Please consider using --initialize instead
2016-06-26T09:48:50.898732Z 0 [Warning] Changed limits: max_open_files: 1024 (requested 5000)
2016-06-26T09:48:50.898778Z 0 [Warning] Changed limits: table_open_cache: 431 (requested 2000)
    以上报错均因未在mysql.server中指定自定义的路径。


    2，启动mysql服务不成功。

[iyunv@localhost ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
/etc/init.d/mysqld: line 256: my_print_defaults: command not found
Starting MySQL ERROR! Couldn't find MySQL server (/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe)
    解决：原来默认路径是/usr/local/mysql目录，这里存放目录是/usr/local/mysql-5.7.13。

    将mysql-5.7.13改为mysql再启动，发现如下错误：
ERROR! MySQL server PID file could not be found!
    确认当前目录所有者为root，改为mysql：

[iyunv@localhost local]# chown -R mysql:mysql mysql/    
[iyunv@localhost local]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
ERROR! MySQL server PID file could not be found!
Starting MySQL....... SUCCESS!

        3,登录不成功，是因为服务没启动。

[iyunv@localhost mysql-5.7.13]# cat /root/.mysql_secret
# Password set for user 'root@localhost' at 2016-06-26 02:48:47
:jiDfmi%5kaK
[iyunv@localhost mysql-5.7.13]# ./bin/mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/tmp/mysql.sock' (2)
    解决：上面第2个问题解决后，此问题消失(需要将mysqld服务启动)。