编译安装nginx+LNMP+特性

trhhrth

一、安装Nginx：
1、解决依赖关系
# yum groupinstall "Development Tools" "Server Platform Deveopment" -y && yum install openssl-devel pcre-devel -y
2、安装
首先添加用户nginx，实现以之运行nginx服务进程：
# groupadd -r nginx
# useradd -r -g nginx nginx
3、下载源码包并解压
接着开始编译和安装：
# ./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
--error-log-path=/data/applogs/nginx/error.log \
--http-log-path=/data/applogs/nginx/access.log \
--pid-path=/var/run/nginx/nginx.pid \
--lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock \
--user=nginx \
--group=nginx \
--with-http_ssl_module \
--with-http_flv_module \
--with-http_stub_status_module \
--with-http_gzip_static_module \
--http-client-body-temp-path=/usr/local/nginx/client/ \
--http-proxy-temp-path=/usr/local/nginx/proxy/ \
--http-fastcgi-temp-path=/usr/local/nginx/fcgi/ \
--http-uwsgi-temp-path=/usr/local/nginx/uwsgi \
--http-scgi-temp-path=/usr/local/nginx/scgi \
--with-pcre

# make && make install

4、为nginx提供SysV init脚本:
新建文件/etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx，内容如下：

#!/bin/sh
#
# nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon
#
# chkconfig: - 85 15
# description: Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \
# proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
# processname: nginx
# config: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
# config: /etc/sysconfig/nginx
# pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid
# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network
# Check that networking is up.
[ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0
nginx="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
prog=$(basename $nginx)
NGINX_CONF_FILE="/usr/local/nginx/nginx.conf"
[ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx
lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx
make_dirs() {
# make required directories
user=`nginx -V 2>&1 | grep "configure arguments:" | sed 's/[^*]*--user=\([^ ]*\).*/\1/g' -`
options=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep 'configure arguments:'`
for opt in $options; do
if [ `echo $opt | grep '.*-temp-path'` ]; then
value=`echo $opt | cut -d "=" -f 2`
if [ ! -d "$value" ]; then
# echo "creating" $value
mkdir -p $value && chown -R $user $value
fi
fi
done
}

start() {
[ -x $nginx ] || exit 5
[ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6
make_dirs
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile
return $retval
}

stop() {
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc $prog -QUIT
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
return $retval
}

restart() {
configtest || return $?
stop
sleep 1
start
}

reload() {
configtest || return $?
echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
killproc $nginx -HUP
RETVAL=$?
echo
}

force_reload() {
restart
}

configtest() {
$nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
}

rh_status() {
status $prog
}

rh_status_q() {
rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
}

case "$1" in
start)
rh_status_q && exit 0
$1
;;
stop)
rh_status_q || exit 0
$1
;;
restart|configtest)
$1
;;
reload)
rh_status_q || exit 7
$1
;;
force-reload)
force_reload
;;
status)
rh_status
;;
condrestart|try-restart)
rh_status_q || exit 0
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"
exit 2
esac

为此脚本赋予执行权限：
# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx
添加到服务管理列表：
# chkconfig --add nginx
开机启动 ：
# chkconfig nginx on

启动服务：
# service nginx start


二、nginx的两种配置
1、反向代理
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.zhengzhou.com;
add_header X-Via $server_addr;

location / {
root html;
index index.html index.htm;
if ($request_method ~* "PUT") {
proxy_pass http://172.16.1.1；   
break;
}
}

location /bbs {                         //将http://www.zhengzhou.com/bbs/的请求转发到http://172.16.1.1/
proxy_pass http://172.16.1.1；     
}
}

2、限速功能
nginx的限速功能通过limit_zone、limit_conn和limit_rate指令进行配置。首先需要在http上下文配置一个limit_zone，然后在需要的地方使用limit_conn和limit_rate 进行限速设置。

http {

limit_zone first $binary_remote_addr 10m;      //定义一个名为first切容器大小为10m

server {
location /downloads/ {
limit_conn first 1;                             //每个IP地址只能发起一个连接
limit_rate 50k;                                    //对每一个连接限速为50K
}
}
}

更多详细介绍请查看官方文档：http://wiki.nginx.org/Main