Oracle图形化升级（dbca建库后升级）—10.2.0.1.0升为10.2.0.5.0

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前提：安装oracle软件后，完成了dbca建库
目标：完成oracle软件由10.2.0.1.0升级为10.2.0.5.0
1．查看数据库状态、版本[oracle@hyl ~]$ sqlplus '/as sysdba'
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Sep 17 18:27:42 2014
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
SQL> select instance_name,status from v$instance;
INSTANCE_NAME    STATUS
---------------- --------------------
hyldb            OPEN
SQL> select comp_name,version,status from dba_registry;

2. 解压安装包找到oracle10g的升级安装包，如下所示：

解压压缩包
[iyunv@hyl soft]# unzip p8202632_10205_Linux-x86-64.zip
3. 关闭数据库[oracle@hyl ~]$ sqlplus '/as sysdba'
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Mon Sep 29 10:23:51 2014
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options

SQL> shutdown immediate;
--关库
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.

[oracle@hyl ~]$ lsnrctl statuse
--核实监听已经停止
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 29-SEP-2014 10:30:51
Copyright (c) 1991, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
Connecting to (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=)(PORT=1521))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date                29-SEP-2014 09:54:36
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 36 min. 14 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Log File         /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/log/listener.log
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=hyl)(PORT=1521)))
The listener supports no services
The command completed successfully
4. 数据备份生产环境时此处需要做一次备份，以免升级失败时造成数据丢失，此文省略。
5. 升级oracle软件远程调用图形化界面，如下图例：






这里跳过需求包检查即可，点击yes继续，如下图：




[iyunv@hyl ~]# /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/root.sh
--按提示执行脚本
Running Oracle 10g root.sh script...
The following environment variables are set as:
    ORACLE_OWNER= oracle
    ORACLE_HOME=  /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1
Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]:
The file "dbhome" already exists in /usr/local/bin.  Overwrite it? (y/n)
[n]: y
   Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...
The file "oraenv" already exists in /usr/local/bin.  Overwrite it? (y/n)
[n]: y
   Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
The file "coraenv" already exists in /usr/local/bin.  Overwrite it? (y/n)
[n]: y
   Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by
Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created
Finished running generic part of root.sh script.
Now product-specific root actions will be performed.
执行脚本后，点击界面ok，进入到结束界面，如下：

6. 升级数据库[oracle@hyl ~]$ sqlplus '/as sysdba'
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production on Mon Sep 29 11:05:28 2014
Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle.  All Rights Reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
启动到upgrade状态
SQL> startup upgrade;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area  167772160 bytes
Fixed Size                  2094800 bytes
Variable Size              75499824 bytes
Database Buffers           83886080 bytes
Redo Buffers                6291456 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.

升级数据字典
SQL> spool /u01/app/oracle/update_log/cpu_up.log//把脚本信息录入到一个日志文件中
SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/catupgrd.sql       //开始跑脚本，升级数据字典，约10分钟

SQL> spool off;             --结束日志文件
SQL> shutdown immediate;    --关库
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup                --正常启库
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area  167772160 bytes
Fixed Size                  2094800 bytes
Variable Size             150997296 bytes
Database Buffers            8388608 bytes
Redo Buffers                6291456 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.

SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/utlrp.sql     --执行该脚本

SQL> select * from utl_recomp_errors;
SQL> col comp_name for a30
SQL> col status for a20
SQL> col VERSION for a10
SQL> set linesize 200
SQL> select comp_name,version,status from dba_registry;

SQL> show parameter comp

修改兼容性
SQL> alter system set compatible='10.2.0.5.0' scope=spfile;
SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
至此，数据库完成由10.2.0.1.0升级到10.2.0.5.0版本。
7. 完成[oracle@hyl ~]$ sqlplus '/as sysdba'
--登陆数据库
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production on Mon Sep 29 11:57:49 2014
Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle.  All Rights Reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
小结对比dbca建库前后进行cpu升级的过程，会发现明显的区别：
1、未进行dbca建库，只需进行软件升级，升级后建库即可；
2、dbca建库后（即存在数据库的情况下），升级软件后，需要升级数据字典，修改兼容性。
简而记之

cpu升级（10.2.0.1.0-10.2.0.5.0）
条件	操作	后续
存在库	升级软件	后续建库
不存在库	升级软件+数据字典+兼容性	完成升级直接访问库