nginx的https协议需要ssl模块的支持,我们在编译nginx时使用--with-http_ssl_module参数加入SSL模块。还需要服务器私钥,服务器证书,如果是公司对外环境,这个证书需要购买第三方的权威证书,否则用户体验得不到保障。1.1检查Nginx的SSL模块是否安装[iyunv@WZKX-WEB01~]# /application/nginx/sbin/nginx -V
nginx version:nginx/1.9.13
built by gcc4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-16) (GCC)
built withOpenSSL 1.0.1e-fips 11 Feb 2013
TLS SNI supportenabled
configure arguments: --prefix=/application/nginx-1.9.13--user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_ssl_module--with-http_stub_status_module
1.2生成证书和密钥1.2.1创建服务器私钥[iyunv@WZKX-WEB01~]# cd /application/nginx/conf/
[iyunv@WZKX-WEB01conf]# mkdir key 《====创建要生成证书的目录
[iyunv@WZKX-WEB01conf]# cd key 《====进入要生成证书的目录
[iyunv@WZKX-WEB01key]# openssl genrsa -des3 -out server.key 1024 《====使用openssl创建服务器私钥
..++++++ …++++++ e is 65537 (0x10001) Enter pass phrase for server.key: Verifying – Enter pass phrase forserver.key:
1.2.2 创建证书签名请求(Certificate Signing Request (CSR))【证书签名请求(CSR)】[iyunv@WZKX-WEB01 key]# openssl req -new -key server.key -out server.csr
说明:这是用步骤1的密钥生成证书请求文件server.csr, 这一步提很多问题,一一输入
Enter pass phrase for server.key: You are about to be asked to enter information thatwill be incorporated into your certificate request. What you are about to enter is what is called aDistinguished Name or a DN. There are quite a few fields but you can leave someblank For some fields there will be a default value, If you enter ‘.’, the field will be left blank. —– Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:CN State or Province Name (full name) []:BJ Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:BJ Organization Name (eg, company) [Default CompanyLtd]:SDU Organizational Unit Name (eg, section)[]:SA Common Name (eg, your name or your server’shostname) []:TANK Email Address []:254702202@qq.com
Please enter the following ‘extra’ attributes to be sent with your certificate request A challenge password[]: An optional company name []: 1.2.3清除以SSL启动NGINX时提示必须输入密钥[iyunv@WZKX-WEB01key]# cp server.key server.key.ori
[iyunv@WZKX-WEB01key]# openssl rsa -in server.key.ori -out server.key 《==创建要生成证书的目录
Enter pass phrase for server.key.ori: writing RSA key
1.2.4生成使用签名请求证书和私钥生成自签证书[iyunv@WZKX-WEB01key]# openssl x509 -req -days 365 -in server.csr-signkey server.key -out server.crt
Signature ok subject=/C=CN/ST=BJ/L=BJ/O=SDU/OU=SA/CN=TANK/emailAddress=254702202@qq.com Getting Private key 说明:这是用步骤1,2的的密钥和证书请求生成证书server.crt。 【-days参数指明证书有效期,单位为天】
1.2.5检查生成的证书和私钥[iyunv@WZKX-WEB01key]# pwd
/application/nginx/conf/key
[iyunv@WZKX-WEB01key]# ls
server.crt server.csr server.key server.key.ori
1.3开启Nginx SSL[iyunv@WZKX-WEB01 key]# cat /application/nginx/conf/nginx.conf server { ssl on; ssl_certificate /application/nginx/conf/key/server.crt; ssl_certificate_key /application/nginx/conf/key/server.key;
listen 443; server_name www.miaomiao.com;
location /{ root /opt/web/www.miaomiao.com; index index.html index.htm; } }
1.3.1重启nginx生效[iyunv@WZKX-WEB01 key]# /application/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload [iyunv@WZKX-WEB01 key]# netstat -lntup|grep 443 tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:443 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 11404/nginx
1.3.2测试https由于该证书非第三方权威机构颁发,而是我们自己签发的,所以浏览器会警告,如果是对外的业务需要加密,必须使用商用第三方签名证书
1.4配置重定向80端口转443端口以上配置有个不好的地方,如果用户使用时忘了使用https或者443端口,那么将会报错,所以我们需要80端口的访问转到443端口并使用ssl加密访问。【生产环境中,用户也基本不可能用https去访问一个网站,所以实现跳转很有必要。】 只需要增加一个server段,使用301永久重定向。 [iyunv@WZKX-WEB01 key]# cat /application/nginx/conf/nginx.conf user nginx; worker_processes 1; error_log /opt/web/logs/error.log; worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;
pid logs/nginx.pid; events { use epoll; worker_connections 65535; } http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; sendfile on; keepalive_timeout 65; log_format commonlog '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' '"$http_user_agent""$http_x_forwarded_for"';
access_log /opt/web/logs/access.log commonlog; server { listen 80; server_name www.miaomiao.com; rewrite ^/(.*) https://www.miaomiao.com/$1 permanent;
location /{ root /opt/web/www.miaomiao.com; index index.html index.htm; } } server { ssl on; ssl_certificate /application/nginx/conf/key/server.crt; ssl_certificate_key /application/nginx/conf/key/server.key;
listen 443; server_name www.miaomiao.com;
location /{ root /opt/web/www.miaomiao.com; index index.html index.htm; } } }
1.5重启nginx生效[iyunv@WZKX-WEB01 key]# /application/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file/application/nginx-1.9.13/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file/application/nginx-1.9.13/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[iyunv@WZKX-WEB01 key]# /application/nginx/sbin/nginx-s reload
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