debian7.7最小化安装后的基本配置

外热呃

1、配置ip地址

root@debian:~# cat /etc/network/interfaces
# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
# and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5).

# The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

allow-hotplug eth0
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
address 192.168.5.44
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.5.1


重启网卡配置
ifdown eth0
ifup eth0


2、配置DNS
root@debian:~# cat /etc/resolv.conf
nameserver 202.96.209.5
nameserver 202.96.209.133


3、配置主机名
root@debian:~# cat /etc/hostname
debian
root@debian:~# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1        localhost
127.0.1.1        debian

# The following lines are desirable for IPv6 capable hosts
::1     localhost ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
ff02::1 ip6-allnodes
ff02::2 ip6-allrouters


4、配置APT源
首先注释掉光盘源
vim /etc/apt/sources.list



#deb cdrom:[Debian GNU/Linux 7.7.0 _Wheezy_ - Official amd64 DVD Binary-1 20141018-13:06]/ wheezy contrib main


添加阿里云的网络源
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ wheezy main non-free contrib
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ wheezy-proposed-updates main non-free contrib
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ wheezy main non-free contrib
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ wheezy-proposed-updates main non-free contrib


更新源
sudo apt-get update



5、安装基本组件
apt-get install vim sudo gcc g++ cmake automake libncurses5-dev ntpdate bison chkconfig curl  iftop sysstat dstat iotop  zlib1g-dev -y


6、设置默认编辑器为Vim


root@debian:~# update-alternatives --config editor
There are 3 choices for the alternative editor (providing /usr/bin/editor).

  Selection    Path                Priority   Status
------------------------------------------------------------
* 0            /bin/nano            40        auto mode
  1            /bin/nano            40        manual mode
  2            /usr/bin/vim.basic   30        manual mode
  3            /usr/bin/vim.tiny    10        manual mode

Press enter to keep the current choice

, or type selection number: 2


7、为普通用户配置sudo权限
visudo


tom ALL=(ALL:ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL