oracle 11g dataguard环境搭建

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硬件和系统软件说明:
操作系统:Oracle Linux 5.8 64位
oracle软件:oracle 11.2.0.1

角色           主机名      IP地址             数据库       服务名
primary        dg1      192.168.3.55       tong          tong
standby       dg2      192.168.3.56       tong          cheng

一.primary主库操作
1.在primary服务器安装oracle软件,并创建数据库.在standby服务器只安装oracle软件,不创建数据库.

2.配置监听

[oracle@dg1 dbs]$ cd /u01/product/11.2.0.1/db_1/network/admin/

[oracle@dg1 admin]$ vim listener.ora

SID_LIST_LISTENER =

  (SID_LIST =

    (SID_DESC =

      (GLOBAL_DBNAME = tong)    --primary库的名字

      (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/product/11.2.0.1/db_1)

      (SID_NAME = tong)

    )

  )

LISTENER =

  (DESCRIPTION =

    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.3.55)(PORT = 1521))  --prmary库的IP地址

  )

ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01

[oracle@dg1 admin]$ vim tnsnames.ora

tong =

  (DESCRIPTION =

    (ADDRESS_LIST =

      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.3.55)(PORT = 1521)) --primary库的IP地址

    )

    (CONNECT_DATA =

      (SERVICE_NAME = tong)  --primary库的服务名

    )

  )

cheng =

  (DESCRIPTION =

    (ADDRESS_LIST =

      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.3.56)(PORT = 1521)) --standby库的IP地址

    )

    (CONNECT_DATA =

      (SERVICE_NAME = cheng)   --standby库的服务名

    )

  )

[oracle@dg1 admin]$  lsnrctl stop

[oracle@dg1 admin]$  lsnrctl start

3.在primary库启用归档和日志强行写入redo文件
SQL> shutdown immediate
SQL> startup mount
SQL> alter database archivelog;
SQL> alter database open;
SQL>  alter database force logging;
SQL>  select force_logging from v$database;


4.在primary 库添加standbt日志文件(standby文件和redo文件大小一至,文件个数比redo多一个)
SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 4 ('/u01/oradata/tong/sredo04.log') size 50m;
SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 4 ('/u01/oradata/tong/sredo04.log') size 50m;
SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 4 ('/u01/oradata/tong/sredo04.log') size 50m;
SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 4 ('/u01/oradata/tong/sredo04.log') size 50m;
SQL> select * from v$logfile order by 1;


5.利用spfile文件内容生成pfile文件
SQL> create pfile from spfile;
SQL> shutdown immediate


6.修改pfile文件的内容
[oracle@dg1 dbs]$ vim inittong.ora
*.db_name='tong'                       --数据库名

*.db_unique_name=tong            --数据库服务名
*.fal_server='cheng'     --primary数据库服务名,是监听文件里面的名字(在standby库名字要和fal_client对调)
*.fal_client='tong'         --standby数据库服务名,是监听文件里面的名字
*.standby_file_management=auto
*.log_archive_start=true
*.db_file_name_convert='/u01/oradata/tong/','/u01/oradata/tong/'
*.log_file_name_convert='/u01/oradata/tong/','/u01/oradata/tong/'
*.log_archive_config='dg_config=(tong,cheng)'
*.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/u01/oradata/tong/archive valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=tong'   --归档文件存放的路径  
*.log_archive_dest_2='service=cheng LGWR SYNC AFFIRM valid_for=(online_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=cheng'   --cheng是standby库的服务名
*.log_archive_dest_state_1='ENABLE'
*.log_archive_dest_state_2='ENABLE'
[oracle@dg1 dbs]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Wed Nov 9 11:56:26 2016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> create spfile from pfile;         --用pfile文件创建spfile文件  
SQL>

7.启动主库

[oracle@dg1 dbs]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Wed Nov 9 11:56:26 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup

ORACLE instancestarted

SQL> alterdatabase set standby database to maximize availability;

Databasealtered.

SQL> exit

8.备份数据库(备份文件在闪恢复区)

[oracle@dg1 dbs]$ rman target /

RMAN> backup database plus archivelog;

RMAN> backup current controlfile for standby;

9.考贝文件到standby服务器

[oracle@dg1 dbs]$ cd /u01/flash_recovery_area/     --考贝闪回恢复区的备份文件

[oracle@dg1 flash_recovery_area]$ scp *  oracle@dg2;/u01/flash_recovery_area/

[oracle@dg1 flash_recovery_area]$ cd /u01/product/11.2.0.1/db_1/dbs/

[oracle@dg1 dbs]$ scp *.ora   oracle@dg2:/u01/product/11.2.0.1/db_1/dbs/  --考贝pfile和spfile参数文件

[oracle@dg1 dbs]$ cd /u01/product/11.2.0.1/db_1/network/admin/   

[oracle@dg1 admin]$ scp listener.ora tnsnames.ora oracle@dg2:/u01/product/11.2.0.1/db_1/network/admin/   --考贝监听文件

[oracle@dg1 admin]$

二.standby从库操作
10.修改监听的地址
[oracle@dg2 ~]$ cd /u01/product/11.2.0.1/db_1/network/admin/
[oracle@dg2 admin]$ vim listener.ora

SID_LIST_LISTENER =
  (SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (GLOBAL_DBNAME = cheng)
      (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/product/11.2.0.1/db_1)
      (SID_NAME = cheng)
    )
  )
LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.3.56)(PORT = 1521))
  )
ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01
[oracle@dg2 admin]$ vim tnsnames.ora


tong =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.3.55)(PORT = 1521))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVICE_NAME = tong)
    )
  )
cheng =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.3.56)(PORT = 1521))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVICE_NAME = cheng)
    )
  )
[oracle@dg2 admin]$  lsnrctl stop

[oracle@dg2 admin]$  lsnrctl start


11.修改pfile和spfile文件名
[oracle@dg2 admin]$ cd /u01/product/11.2.0.1/db_1/dbs/
[oracle@dg2 dbs]$ mv inittong.ora  initcheng.ora     --修改pfile文件名
[oracle@dg2 ~]$ cp  /u01/flash_recovery_area/tong/control02.ctl /u01/oradata/tong/control01.ctl   --新的控制文件替换旧控制文件


12.恢复数据库
[oracle@dg2 ~]$  rman target sys/system@tong  auxiliary /
RMAN> duplicate target database for standby nofilenamecheck;


13.修改pfile参数文件
SQL> shutdown immediate
[oracle@dg2 dbs]$ cd /u01/product/11.2.0.1/db_1/dbs/
[oracle@dg2 dbs]$ vim initcheng.ora
*.db_name='tong'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/flash_recovery_area'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=4070572032
*.diagnostic_dest='/u01'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=tongXDB)'
*.log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.dbf'
*.memory_target=833617920
*.open_cursors=300
*.processes=150
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
*.db_unique_name=cheng
*.fal_server='tong'
*.fal_client='cheng'
*.standby_file_management=auto
*.db_file_name_convert='/u01/oradata/tong/','/u01/oradata/tong/'
*.log_file_name_convert='/u01/oradata/tong/','/u01/oradata/tong/'
*.log_archive_config='dg_config=(tong,cheng)'
*.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/u01/oradata/tong/archive valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=cheng'
*.log_archive_dest_2='service=cheng LGWR SYNC AFFIRM valid_for=(online_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=cheng'
*.log_archive_dest_state_1='ENABLE'

*.log_archive_dest_state_2='ENABLE'
[oracle@dg2 dbs]$

14.启动standby库
SQL> startup nomount;
SQL> alter database mount standby database;
SQL> alter database add standby logfile;
SQL> alter database add standby logfile;
SQL> alter database add standby logfile;
SQL> alter database add standby logfile;
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect fromsession;

15.检查standby的日志
[oracle@dg2 dbs]$ tailf  /u01/diag/rdbms/cheng/cheng/trace/alert_cheng.log
Tue Nov 08 22:47:42 2016
SMON: enabling cache recovery
Tue Nov 08 22:47:43 2016
Dictionary check beginning
Dictionary check complete
Database Characterset is AL32UTF8
No Resource Manager plan active
replication_dependency_tracking turned off (no async multimaster replication found)
Physical standby database opened for read only access.
Completed: alter database open read only