Mysql 5.6.18解压包版在Rhel6.7上安装

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Mysql的安装方式有三种：RPM包、二进程包和源码包。

	RPM	二进制	源码
优点	安装简单，适合初学者学习使用	安装简单；可以安装到任何路径下，灵活性好；一台服务器可以安装多个MySQL	在实际安装的操作系统进行可根据需要定制编译，最灵活；性能最好；一台服务器可以安装多个MySQL
缺点	需要单独下载客户端和服务器；安装路径不灵活，默认路径不能修改，一台服务器只能安装一个MySQL	已经经过编译，性能不如源码编译得好；不能灵活定制编译参数	安装过程较复杂；编译时间长
文件布局	/usr/bin（客户端程序和脚本） /usr/sbin（mysqld服务器）/var/lib/mysql（日志文件和数据库）/usr/share/doc/packages（文档） /usr/include/mysql（包含(头)文件） /usr/lib/mysql（库文件）/usr/share/mysql（错误消息和字符集文件）/usr/share/sql-bench（基准程序）	bin（客户端程序和mysqld服务器） data（日志文件和数据库）docs（文档和ChangeLog）include（包含(头)文件）lib（库文件） scripts （mysql_install_db脚本，用来安装系统数据库） share/mysql（错误消息文件） sql-bench（基准程序）	bin（客户端程序和脚本）include/mysql（包含(头)文件） info（Info格式的文档）lib/mysql（库文件） libexec（mysqld服务器）、share/mysql（错误消息文件） sql-bench（基准程序和crash-me测试） var（数据库和日志文件）

摘自深入浅出MySQL
1、配置环境和创建用户

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[iyunv@rhel6 ~]# mkdir /opt/mysql [iyunv@rhel6 ~]# mkdir /mysqldata [iyunv@rhel6 ~]# groupadd mysql [iyunv@rhel6 ~]# useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/flase mysql [iyunv@rhel6 ~]# chown mysql:mysql /opt/mysql [iyunv@rhel6 ~]# chown mysql:mysql /mysqldata --关闭selinux [iyunv@rhel6 ~]# vi /etc/selinux/config SELINUX=disabled --配置环境变量 [iyunv@rhel6 scripts]# vi ~/.bash_profile --添加下面两条 export MYSQL_PATH=/opt/mysql/mysql5.6.18 export PATH=$PATH:$MYSQL_PATH/bin [iyunv@rhel6 scripts]# source ~/.bash_profile

2、上传并解压安装包

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[iyunv@rhel6 ~]# cd /opt/mysql/ [iyunv@rhel6 mysql]# ls mysql-advanced-5.6.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz [iyunv@rhel6 mysql]# tar -zxvf mysql-advanced-5.6.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz mysql-advanced-5.6.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/bin/mysql_convert_table_format mysql-advanced-5.6.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/bin/mysql_client_test mysql-advanced-5.6.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/bin/mysqlhotcopy mysql-advanced-5.6.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/bin/mysqladmin mysql-advanced-5.6.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/bin/msql2mysql ...... [iyunv@rhel6 mysql]# mv mysql-advanced-5.6.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 mysql5.6.18 [iyunv@rhel6 mysql]# ll total 306412 drwxr-xr-x 13 root root      4096 Nov 13 20:38 mysql5.6.18 -rw-r--r--  1 root root 313754429 Nov 13 20:37 mysql-advanced-5.6.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz [iyunv@rhel6 mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql mysql5.6.18/ [iyunv@rhel6 mysql]# ll total 306412 drwxr-xr-x 13 mysql mysql      4096 Nov 13 20:38 mysql5.6.18 -rw-r--r--  1 root  root  313754429 Nov 13 20:37 mysql-advanced-5.6.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

3、安装mysql

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[iyunv@rhel6 mysql]# cd /opt/mysql/mysql5.6.18/support-files/ [iyunv@rhel6 support-files]# ls binary-configure  magic  my-default.cnf  mysqld_multi.server  mysql-log-rotate  mysql.server  solaris [iyunv@rhel6 support-files]# cd /opt/mysql/mysql5.6.18/scripts/ [iyunv@rhel6 scripts]# ls mysql_install_db [iyunv@rhel6 scripts]# ./mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/opt/mysql/mysql5.6.18 --datadir=/mysqldata WARNING: The host 'rhel6' could not be looked up with /opt/mysql/mysql5.6.18/bin/resolveip. This probably means that your libc libraries are not 100 % compatible with this binary MySQL version. The MySQL daemon, mysqld, should work normally with the exception that host name resolving will not work. This means that you should use IP addresses instead of hostnames when specifying MySQL privileges ! Installing MySQL system tables...2016-11-13 20:42:18 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).2016-11-13 20:42:18 1421 [Note] InnoDB: Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages ...... OK Filling help tables...2016-11-13 20:42:21 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details). ...... OK To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER ! To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:   /opt/mysql/mysql5.6.18/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'   /opt/mysql/mysql5.6.18/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h rhel6 password 'new-password' Alternatively you can run:   /opt/mysql/mysql5.6.18/bin/mysql_secure_installation which will also give you the option of removing the test databases and anonymous user created by default.  This is strongly recommended for production servers. See the manual for more instructions. You can start the MySQL daemon with:   cd . ; /opt/mysql/mysql5.6.18/bin/mysqld_safe & You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl   cd mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl Please report any problems at http://bugs.mysql.com/ The latest information about MySQL is available on the web at   http://www.mysql.com Support MySQL by buying support/licenses at http://shop.mysql.com New default config file was created as /opt/mysql/mysql5.6.18/my.cnf and will be used by default by the server when you start it. You may edit this file to change server settings WARNING: Default config file /etc/my.cnf exists on the system This file will be read by default by the MySQL server If you do not want to use this, either remove it, or use the --defaults-file argument to mysqld_safe when starting the server

可以看到安装完成后mysql会给出一些提示、建议。
4、复制相关文件

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[iyunv@rhel6 scripts]# cp /opt/mysql/mysql5.6.18/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld [iyunv@rhel6 scripts]# cp /opt/mysql/mysql5.6.18/support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf cp: overwrite `/etc/my.cnf'? yes

注意不要使用系统自带的/etc/my.cnf文件，否则启动mysql服务时会报错。
5、修改参数

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[iyunv@rhel6 scripts]# vi /etc/init.d/mysqld ##修改下面两个参数如下 basedir=/opt/mysql/mysql5.6.18 datadir=/mysqldata

6、加入开机启动

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[iyunv@rhel6 scripts]# chkconfig --levels 235 mysqld on [iyunv@rhel6 scripts]# chkconfig --list mysqld mysqld             0:off   1:off   2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off

7、启动mysql服务

1 2	[iyunv@rhel6 scripts]# service mysqld start Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!

8、连接mysql

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[iyunv@rhel6 scripts]# mysql -uroot Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 1 Server version: 5.6.18-enterprise-commercial-advanced MySQL Enterprise Server - Advanced Edition (Commercial) Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database           | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mysql              | | performance_schema | | test               | +--------------------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

9、mysql的帮助

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1.用“？contents”命令来显示所有可供查询的的分类 mysql> ? contents You asked for help about help category: "Contents" For more information, type 'help <item>', where <item> is one of the following categories:    Account Management    Administration    Compound Statements    Data Definition    Data Manipulation    Data Types    Functions    Functions and Modifiers for Use with GROUP BY    Geographic Features    Help Metadata    Language Structure    Plugins    Procedures    Storage Engines    Table Maintenance    Transactions    User-Defined Functions    Utility mysql> help data types You asked for help about help category: "Data Types" For more information, type 'help <item>', where <item> is one of the following topics:    AUTO_INCREMENT    BIGINT    BINARY    BIT    BLOB    BLOB DATA TYPE    BOOLEAN    CHAR    CHAR BYTE    DATE    DATETIME    DEC    DECIMAL    DOUBLE    DOUBLE PRECISION    ENUM    FLOAT    INT    INTEGER    LONGBLOB    LONGTEXT    MEDIUMBLOB    MEDIUMINT    MEDIUMTEXT    SET DATA TYPE    SMALLINT    TEXT    TIME    TIMESTAMP    TINYBLOB    TINYINT    TINYTEXT    VARBINARY    VARCHAR    YEAR DATA TYPE mysql> help int Name: 'INT' Description: INT[(M)] [UNSIGNED] [ZEROFILL] A normal-size integer. The signed range is -2147483648 to 2147483647. The unsigned range is 0 to 4294967295. URL: http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/numeric-type-overview.html