spring+openJPA+DB2环境搭建，程序开发及测试

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　　1.导包(这里省略)
　　2.环境搭建
　　方法一：数据源配置在persistence.xml中
　　persistence.xml(位于META-INF下)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_1_0.xsd"
version="1.0">
<persistence-unit name="openJPAUnit" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
<provider>org.apache.openjpa.persistence.PersistenceProviderImpl</provider>
<class>com.iteye.domain.User</class>
<properties>
<property name="openjpa.ConnectionURL" value="jdbc:db2://localhost:50000/USER" />
<property name="openjpa.ConnectionDriverName" value="com.ibm.db2.jcc.DB2Driver" />
<property name="openjpa.Log" value="SQL=TRACE" />
<property name="openjpa.ConnectionUserName" value="username" />
<property name="openjpa.ConnectionPassword" value="password" />
<property name="openjpa.jdbc.TransactionIsolation" value="read-committed" />
<property name="openjpa.jdbc.Schema" value="USER" />
</properties>
</persistence-unit>
</persistence>
　　applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">
<context:annotation-config />
<context:component-scan base-package="com.iteye.*" />
<bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
<property name="persistenceUnitName" value="openJPAUnit" />
<property name="jpaVendorAdapter">
<bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.OpenJpaVendorAdapter"/>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
<property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory" />
</bean>
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />
<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
<tx:attributes>
<tx:method name="save*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
<tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
<tx:method name="*" read-only="true" />
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
<aop:config>
<aop:pointcut expression="execution(* com.iteye.services.*.*(..))" id="allService" />
<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="allService" />
</aop:config>
</beans>
　　方法二：数据源配置在applicationContext.xml中(推荐，因为可以动态设置数据源)
　　persistence.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_1_0.xsd"
version="1.0">
<persistence-unit name="openJPAUnit" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
<provider>org.apache.openjpa.persistence.PersistenceProviderImpl</provider>
<class>com.iteye.User</class>
<properties>
<property name="openjpa.Log" value="SQL=TRACE" />
<property name="openjpa.jdbc.TransactionIsolation" value="read-committed" />
<property name="openjpa.jdbc.Schema" value="USER" />
</properties>
</persistence-unit>
</persistence>
　　applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">
<context:annotation-config />
<context:component-scan base-package="com.iteye.*" />
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:userDataSource.properties" />
<!-- 这里使用的是DBCP数据源 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${driverClassName}" />
<property name="url" value="${url}" />
<property name="username" value="${username}" />
<property name="password" value="${password}" />
</bean>
<bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<property name="persistenceXmlLocation" value="classpath:META-INF/persistence.xml"/>
<property name="jpaVendorAdapter">
<bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.OpenJpaVendorAdapter"/>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
<property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory" />
</bean>
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />
<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
<tx:attributes>
<tx:method name="save*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
<tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
<tx:method name="*" read-only="true" />
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
<aop:config>
<aop:pointcut expression="execution(* com.iteye.services.*.*(..))" id="allService" />
<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="allService" />
</aop:config>
</beans>
　　3.获取entityManager
　　方法一：使用注解@PersistenceUnit

public class UserDao {
//注意这里的unitName要和配置文件里的unitName一致
@PersistenceUnit(unitName = "openJPAUnit")
private EntityManagerFactory entityManagerFactory;
private EntityManager entityManager;
public void setEntityManagerFactory(EntityManagerFactory entityManagerFactory) {
this.entityManagerFactory = entityManagerFactory;
}
public EntityManagerFactory getEntityManagerFactory() {
return this.entityManagerFactory;
}
public EntityManager getEntityManager() {
if (entityManager == null) {
entityManager = entityManagerFactory.createEntityManager();
}
return entityManager;
}
public void setEntityManager(EntityManager entityManager) {
this.entityManager = entityManager;
}
}
　　方法二：直接获取entityManager

    public EntityManager getEntityManager() {
EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("openJPAUnit");
EntityManager entityManager = emf.createEntityManager();
//将EntityManager强转成OpenJPAEntityManager
//        OpenJPAEntityManager openJPAEntityManager = OpenJPAPersistence.cast(entityManager);
return entityManager;
}
　　4.使用entityManager来操作数据库

public User saveUser(User user) {
if (user == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("user can not be empty.");
}
getEntityManager().getTransaction().begin();
getEntityManager().persist(user);
getEntityManager().getTransaction().commit();
return user;
}
　　5.这里省略service的调用。直接编写Junit测试

//这里使用spring的测试类AbstractTransactionalSpringContextTests
class UserTest extends AbstractTransactionalSpringContextTests{
@Resource(name = "userService")
private UserService userService;
@Override
protected String[] getConfigLocations() {
return new String[] {"applicationContext.xml" };
}
@Test
public void testSaveUser() {
User user = new User();
user.setName("AAA");
userService.saveUser(user);
}
}
　　PS：Mock测试参考链接http://zhizizhishou0104.iyunv.com/blog/1980182