Hadoop 0.23.6安装实践1-单机开发版安装

qns_fengyusong

　　hadoop 0.23开始添加了yarn（MRv2）模块，文件结构也发生了较大的变化。以下就安装部署流程详细记录一下。

安装环境：

• 系统：Ubuntu 12.10
  
• hadoop：0.23.6
  
• jdk：sun 1.7.0_21
  

安装步骤：

一.安装JDK
　　安装 orcale jdk，并且配置环境以及设置成默认（略）
　　检查jdk是否正确安装和配置
　　在主目录下执行java -version
　　如果出现下面类似结果则ok
　　hadoop@ubuntu:~$ java -version
java version "1.7.0_21"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.7.0_21-b11)
Java HotSpot(TM) Server VM (build 23.21-b01, mixed mode)

二.安装hadoop
　　1.下载:
http://mirrors.cnnic.cn/apache/hadoop/common/hadoop-0.23.6/hadoop-0.23.6.tar.gz
2.安装
tar -zxvf  hadoop-0.23.6.tar.gz
mv hadoop /opt/
cd /opt
sudo ln -s /opt/hadoop-0.23.6 /opt/hadoop
 

 三.安装ssh server
sudo apt-get install openssh-server



 四.添加hadoop用户
　　为了方便hadoop的管理，最好添加一个单独的用户来管理hadoop，例如添加hadoop用户
　　执行以下命令
　　sudo adduser hadoop
　　然后会提示输入密码，设置好密码就可以了
　　这时候只要执行
　　su hadoop
　　输入密码后就可以切换到hadoop用户下
　　注：
　　为了使hadoop帐号下能够sudo，建议做以下添加
　　在：
　　%sudo    ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL 后添加
hadoop   ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL

 五.配置本机ssh无密码登录
　　hadoop@ubuntu:~$ ssh-keygen -t rsa -P ""
　　hadoop@ubuntu:~$ cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
　　测试：

hadoop@ubuntu:~$ ssh localhost
Welcome to Ubuntu 12.10 (GNU/Linux 3.5.0-17-generic i686)

 * Documentation:  https://help.ubuntu.com/

340 packages can be updated.
105 updates are security updates.

Last login: Thu Apr 18 07:18:03 2013 from localhost

 六.配置Hadoop
　　chown  -R hadoop:hadoop /opt/hadoop
　　chown  -R hadoop:hadoop /opt/hadoop-0.23.6
　　su hadoop
　　1. 配置jdk及hadoop环境变量
　　在~/.bashrc文件里追加
　　export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun
export JRE_HOME=${JAVA_HOME}/jre
export HADOOP_HOME=/opt/hadoop
export CLASSPATH=.:${JAVA_HOME}/lib:${JRE_HOME}/lib
export PATH=${JAVA_HOME}/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$PATH
export HADOOP_COMMON_HOME=$HADOOP_HOME
export HADOOP_HDFS_HOME=$HADOOP_HOME
export HADOOP_CONF_DIR=$HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop
export YARN_CONF_DIR=$HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop
　　2. Hadoop文件配置
　　hadoop@ubuntu:~$ cd /opt/hadoop/etc/hadoop/
　　hadoop@ubuntu:/opt/hadoop/etc/hadoop$ vi yarn-env.sh
　　追加以下配置
　　export HADOOP_FREFIX=/opt/hadoop
export HADOOP_COMMON_HOME=${HADOOP_FREFIX}
export HADOOP_HDFS_HOME=${HADOOP_FREFIX}
export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_FREFIX/bin
export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_FREFIX/sbin
export HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME=${HADOOP_FREFIX}
export YARN_HOME=${HADOOP_FREFIX}
export HADOOP_CONF_HOME=${HADOOP_FREFIX}/etc/hadoop
export YARN_CONF_DIR=${HADOOP_FREFIX}/etc/hadoop
vi core-site.xml

<configuration>
<property>
<name>fs.defaultFS</name>
<value>hdfs://localhost:12200</value>
</property>
<property>  
<name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
<value>/opt/hadoop/hadoop-root</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>fs.arionfs.impl</name>
<value>org.apache.hadoop.fs.pvfs2.Pvfs2FileSystem</value>
<description>The FileSystem for arionfs.</description>
</property>
</configuration>

 hadoop@ubuntu:/opt/hadoop/etc/hadoop$ vi hdfs-site.xml
<configuration>
<property>
<name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name>
<value>file:/opt/hadoop/data/dfs/name</value>
<final>true</final>
</property>
<property>
<name>dfs.namenode.data.dir</name>
<value>file:/opt/hadoop/data/dfs/data</value>
<final>true</final>
</property>
<property>  
<name>dfs.replication</name>
<value>1</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>dfs.permission</name>
<value>false</value>
</property>
</configuration>

 hadoop@ubuntu:/opt/hadoop/etc/hadoop$ vi mapred-site.xml
<configuration>
<property>
<name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>
<value>yarn</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>mapreduce.job.tracker</name>
<value>hdfs://localhost:9001</value>
<final>true</final>
</property>
<property>
<name>mapreduce.map.memory.mb</name>
<value>1536</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>mapreduce.map.java.opts</name>
<value>-Xmx1024M</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>mapreduce.reduce.memory.mb</name>
<value>3072</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>mapreduce.reduce.java.opts</name>
<value>-Xmx2560M</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>mapreduce.task.io.sort.mb</name>
<value>512</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>mapreduce.task.io.sort.factor</name>
<value>100</value>
</property>   
<property>
<name>mapreduce.reduce.shuffle.parallelcopies</name>
<value>50</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>mapreduce.system.dir</name>
<value>file:/opt/hadoop/data/mapred/system</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>mapreduce.local.dir</name>
<value>file:/opt/hadoop/data/mapred/local</value>
<final>true</final>
</property>
</configuration>

 hadoop@ubuntu:/opt/hadoop/etc/hadoop$ vi yarn-site.xml
<configuration>
<!-- Site specific YARN configuration properties -->
<property>
<name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
<value>mapreduce.shuffle</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services.mapreduce.shuffle.class</name>
<value>org.apache.hadoop.mapred.ShuffleHandler</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>
<value>yarn</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>user.name</name>
<value>hadoop</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.address</name>
<value>localhost:54311</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.scheduler.address</name>
<value>localhost:54312</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.webapp.address</name>
<value>localhost:54313</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.resource-tracker.address</name>
<value>localhost:54314</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.web-proxy.address</name>
<value>localhost:54315</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>mapred.job.tracker</name>
<value>localhost</value>
</property>
</configuration>

 到此所有配置完成,其中上述的localhost可以改成成本机的ip或者host，至于配置里面的属性待后续相关文章叙述。
 七.启动并运行wordcount程序
　　1.设置JAVA_HOME

hadoop@ubuntu:/opt/hadoop$ vi libexec/hadoop-config.sh
在
if [[ -z $JAVA_HOME ]]; then
# On OSX use java_home (or /Library for older versions)
if [ "Darwin" == "$(uname -s)" ]; then
if [ -x /usr/libexec/java_home ]; then
export JAVA_HOME=($(/usr/libexec/java_home))
else
export JAVA_HOME=(/Library/Java/Home)
fi
fi
# Bail if we did not detect it
if [[ -z $JAVA_HOME ]]; then
echo "Error: JAVA_HOME is not set and could not be found." 1>&2
exit 1
fi
fi
之前添加
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun
 2. 格式化namenode
hadoop@ubuntu:/opt/hadoop$ hadoop namenode -format
 3.启动
hadoop@ubuntu:/opt/hadoop/sbin$ ./start-dfs.sh
Starting namenodes on [localhost]
localhost: starting namenode, logging to /opt/hadoop-0.23.6/logs/hadoop-hadoop-namenode-ubuntu.out
localhost: starting datanode, logging to /opt/hadoop-0.23.6/logs/hadoop-hadoop-datanode-ubuntu.out
Starting secondary namenodes [0.0.0.0]
0.0.0.0: starting secondarynamenode, logging to /opt/hadoop-0.23.6/logs/hadoop-hadoop-secondarynamenode-ubuntu.out
hadoop@ubuntu:/opt/hadoop/sbin$ ./start-yarn.sh
starting yarn daemons
starting resourcemanager, logging to /opt/hadoop-0.23.6/logs/yarn-hadoop-resourcemanager-ubuntu.out
localhost: starting nodemanager, logging to /opt/hadoop-0.23.6/logs/yarn-hadoop-nodemanager-ubuntu.out

 4.检查启动是否成功
hadoop@ubuntu:/opt/hadoop/sbin$ jps
5036 DataNode
5246 SecondaryNameNode
5543 NodeManager
5369 ResourceManager
4852 NameNode
5816 Jps

 5.试着运行wordcount　　1)构造输入数据
　　生成一个字符文本文件

hadoop@ubuntu:/opt/hadoop$ cat tmp/test.txt
a c b a b d f f e b a c c d g i s a b c d e a b f g e i k m m n a b d g h i j a k j e

　　2)上传到hdfs

hadoop@ubuntu:/opt/hadoop$  hadoop fs -mkdir /test
hadoop@ubuntu:/opt/hadoop$  hadoop fs -copyFromLocal tmp/test.txt /test
hadoop@ubuntu:/opt/hadoop$ hadoop fs -ls  /test
Found 1 items
-rw-r--r--   1 hadoop supergroup         86 2013-04-18 07:47 /test/test.txt

　　3)执行程序

hadoop@ubuntu:/opt/hadoop$ hadoop jar share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-examples-0.23.6.jar wordcount /test/test.txt /test/out                 #其中/test/out 为输出目录
13/04/18 22:41:11 INFO input.FileInputFormat: Total input paths to process : 1
13/04/18 22:41:11 INFO util.NativeCodeLoader: Loaded the native-hadoop library
13/04/18 22:41:11 WARN snappy.LoadSnappy: Snappy native library not loaded
13/04/18 22:41:12 INFO mapreduce.JobSubmitter: number of splits:1
13/04/18 22:41:12 WARN conf.Configuration: mapred.jar is deprecated. Instead, use mapreduce.job.jar
13/04/18 22:41:12 WARN conf.Configuration: mapred.output.value.class is deprecated. Instead, use mapreduce.job.output.value.class
13/04/18 22:41:12 WARN conf.Configuration: mapreduce.combine.class is deprecated. Instead, use mapreduce.job.combine.class
13/04/18 22:41:12 WARN conf.Configuration: mapreduce.map.class is deprecated. Instead, use mapreduce.job.map.class
13/04/18 22:41:12 WARN conf.Configuration: mapred.job.name is deprecated. Instead, use mapreduce.job.name
13/04/18 22:41:12 WARN conf.Configuration: mapreduce.reduce.class is deprecated. Instead, use mapreduce.job.reduce.class
13/04/18 22:41:12 WARN conf.Configuration: mapred.input.dir is deprecated. Instead, use mapreduce.input.fileinputformat.inputdir
13/04/18 22:41:12 WARN conf.Configuration: mapred.output.dir is deprecated. Instead, use mapreduce.output.fileoutputformat.outputdir
13/04/18 22:41:12 WARN conf.Configuration: mapred.map.tasks is deprecated. Instead, use mapreduce.job.maps
13/04/18 22:41:12 WARN conf.Configuration: mapred.output.key.class is deprecated. Instead, use mapreduce.job.output.key.class
13/04/18 22:41:12 WARN conf.Configuration: mapred.working.dir is deprecated. Instead, use mapreduce.job.working.dir
13/04/18 22:41:13 INFO mapred.ResourceMgrDelegate: Submitted application application_1366295287642_0001 to ResourceManager at localhost/127.0.0.1:54311
13/04/18 22:41:13 INFO mapreduce.Job: The url to track the job: http://localhost:54315/proxy/application_1366295287642_0001/
13/04/18 22:41:13 INFO mapreduce.Job: Running job: job_1366295287642_0001
13/04/18 22:41:21 INFO mapreduce.Job: Job job_1366295287642_0001 running in uber mode : false
13/04/18 22:41:21 INFO mapreduce.Job:  map 0% reduce 0%
13/04/18 22:41:36 INFO mapreduce.Job:  map 100% reduce 0%
13/04/18 22:41:36 INFO mapreduce.Job: Task Id : attempt_1366295287642_0001_m_000000_0, Status : FAILED
Killed by external signal
13/04/18 22:41:37 INFO mapreduce.Job:  map 0% reduce 0%
13/04/18 22:42:11 INFO mapreduce.Job:  map 100% reduce 0%
13/04/18 22:42:26 INFO mapreduce.Job:  map 100% reduce 100%
13/04/18 22:42:26 INFO mapreduce.Job: Job job_1366295287642_0001 completed successfully
13/04/18 22:42:27 INFO mapreduce.Job: Counters: 45

　　4)查看结果

hadoop@ubuntu:/opt/hadoop$ hadoop fs -ls /test
Found 2 items
drwxr-xr-x   - hadoop supergroup          0 2013-04-18 22:42 /test/out
-rw-r--r--   1 hadoop supergroup         86 2013-04-18 07:47 /test/test.txt
hadoop@ubuntu:/opt/hadoop$ hadoop fs -ls /test/out
Found 2 items
-rw-r--r--   1 hadoop supergroup          0 2013-04-18 22:42 /test/out/_SUCCESS
-rw-r--r--   1 hadoop supergroup         56 2013-04-18 22:42 /test/out/part-r-00000
hadoop@ubuntu:/opt/hadoop$ hadoop fs -cat /test/out/part-r-00000
13/04/18 22:45:25 INFO util.NativeCodeLoader: Loaded the native-hadoop library
a7
b6
c4
d4
e4
f3
g3
h1
i3
j2
k2
m2
n1
s1