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[经验分享] Apache HttpClient Demo

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xuanxi

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发表于 2016-12-30 06:21:16 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
一 建立web服务HttpServer。
web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app id="WebApp_ID" version="2.4"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">
<display-name>HttpServer</display-name>
<filter>
<filter-name>UserPermissionFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>filter.UserPermissionFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>UserPermissionFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<servlet>
<display-name>LoginServlet</display-name>
<servlet-name>LoginServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>servlet.LoginServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet>
<display-name>PostXMLServlet</display-name>
<servlet-name>PostXMLServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>servlet.PostXMLServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>LoginServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/LoginServlet</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>PostXMLServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/PostXMLServlet</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

login.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="LoginServlet" method="post">
username:<input type="text" name="username"/><br/>
password:<input type="password" name="password"/><br/>
<input type="submit" value="login"/>
</form>
</body>
</html>

main.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>This is the main page.</h1>
</body>
</html>

UserPermissionFilter.java

package filter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Arrays;
import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
public class UserPermissionFilter implements Filter {
private String[] excludedUri={"/HttpServer/LoginServlet",
"/HttpServer/PostXMLServlet"};
public void destroy() {}
public void doFilter(ServletRequest request,
ServletResponse response,
FilterChain chain)
throws IOException, ServletException {
HttpServletRequest httpRequest=(HttpServletRequest) request;
if(!Arrays.asList(excludedUri).contains(httpRequest.getRequestURI())){
String user=(String) httpRequest.getSession().getAttribute("user");
if(user==null||"".equals(user)){
request.getRequestDispatcher("/login.jsp")
.forward(request, response);
return;
}
}
chain.doFilter(request, response);
}
public void init(FilterConfig fConfig) throws ServletException {}
}

LoginServlet.java

package servlet;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
doPost(request,response);
}
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
String username=request.getParameter("username");
String password=request.getParameter("password");
if("admin".equals(username)&&"admin".equals(password)){
request.getSession().setAttribute("user", username);
response.getWriter().write("Login Success!");
}else{
response.sendRedirect("/HttpServer/login.jsp");
}
}
}

PostXMLServlet.java

package servlet;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class PostXMLServlet extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
doPost(request,response);
}
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(
new InputStreamReader(request.getInputStream()));
String line=null;
while((line=br.readLine())!=null){
System.out.println(line);
}
br.close();
}
}

HttpServer用于接收客户端请求。除了请求路径/HttpServer/LoginServlet和/HttpServer/PostXMLServlet都要做用户校验。如果校验为通过则返回login.jsp页面。

二 客户端测试
要引入外部jar包 httpclient-4.2.3.jar httpcore-4.2.2.jar commons-logging-1.0.4.jar

1.测试用户登录
LoginClient.java

package http.client;
import http.Utils;
import java.net.URI;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.apache.http.Header;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.protocol.HTTP;
public class LoginClient {
@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
HttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient();
/* initialize the request method */
// prepare the request url
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost("http://localhost:7070/HttpServer/LoginServlet");
// prepare the request parameters
List<NameValuePair> params=new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("username","admin"));
params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("password","admin"));
// set the request entity
httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(params,HTTP.UTF_8));
/* execute the request */
System.out.println("executing request " + httpPost.getURI());
HttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpPost);
/* check whether it has relocated */
int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
if (statusCode == HttpStatus.SC_MOVED_TEMPORARILY ||
statusCode == HttpStatus.SC_MOVED_PERMANENTLY ||
statusCode == HttpStatus.SC_SEE_OTHER ||
statusCode == HttpStatus.SC_TEMPORARY_REDIRECT){
Header[] headers = response.getHeaders("location");
if (headers != null) {
httpPost.releaseConnection();
String newUrl = headers[0].getValue();
httpPost.setURI(URI.create(newUrl));
response = httpclient.execute(httpPost);
}
}
/* print the result of the request */
Utils.printResponse(response);
// Do not feel like reading the response body
// Call abort on the request object
httpPost.abort();
// When HttpClient instance is no longer needed,
// shut down the connection manager to ensure
// immediate deallocation of all system resources
httpclient.getConnectionManager().shutdown();
}
}

如果传入的用户名密码正确那直接返回login success成功信息，否则返回login.jsp页面。
2. 通过2次请求直接访问main.jsp页面。第一次请求用户登录，第二次请求则访问main.jsp
RequestMainClient.java

package http.client;
import http.Utils;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.protocol.HTTP;
public class RequestMainClient {
@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
public static void main(String[] args)throws Exception {
HttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient();
/* execute login operation */
// prepare the request url
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost("http://localhost:7070/HttpServer/LoginServlet");
// prepare the request parameters
List<NameValuePair> params=new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("username","admin"));
params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("password","admin"));
// set the request entity
httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(params,HTTP.UTF_8));
System.out.println("executing request " + httpPost.getURI());
HttpResponse response =httpclient.execute(httpPost);
/* request main page */
httpPost.releaseConnection();
httpPost=new HttpPost("http://localhost:7070/HttpServer/main.jsp");  
response = httpclient.execute(httpPost);
/* print the result of the request */
Utils.printResponse(response);
// Do not feel like reading the response body
// Call abort on the request object
httpPost.abort();
// When HttpClient instance is no longer needed,
// shut down the connection manager to ensure
// immediate deallocation of all system resources
httpclient.getConnectionManager().shutdown();
}
}

如果第一次请求登录成功则第二次请求可以直接访问main.jsp, 否则第二次将会返回login.jsp

3.提交实体数据(这里为xml文件)
PostXMLClient.java


package http.client;
import http.Utils;
import java.io.File;
import java.net.URL;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.entity.ContentType;
import org.apache.http.entity.FileEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
public class PostXMLClient {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
HttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient();
/* initialize the request method */
// prepare the request url
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost("http://localhost:7070/HttpServer/PostXMLServlet");
URL url=PostXMLClient.class.getClassLoader().getResource("http/fruits.xml");
File file=new File(url.getFile());
System.out.println(file.exists());
httpPost.setEntity(new FileEntity(file,ContentType.TEXT_XML));
/* execute operation */
System.out.println("executing request " + httpPost.getURI());
HttpResponse response =httpclient.execute(httpPost);
/* print the result of the request */
Utils.printResponse(response);
// Do not feel like reading the response body
// Call abort on the request object
httpPost.abort();
// When HttpClient instance is no longer needed,
// shut down the connection manager to ensure
// immediate deallocation of all system resources
httpclient.getConnectionManager().shutdown();
}
}

fruits.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<fruits>
<fruit>
<name>apple</name>
<price>10</price>
</fruit>
<fruit>
<name>orange</name>
<price>4</price>
</fruit>
</fruits>

Utils.java

package http;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import org.apache.http.Header;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
public class Utils {
public static void printResponse(HttpResponse response)throws Exception{
/* print the result of the request */
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
System.out.println("--------------------");
// print the status line
System.out.println(response.getStatusLine());
// print the headers
System.out.println("========== headers ==========");
Header[] headers=response.getAllHeaders();
for(Header header:headers){
System.out.println(header);
}
// print the content length
if (entity != null) {
System.out.println("\nResponse content length: "+
entity.getContentLength());
}
// print the entity content
System.out.println("\n========== response content ==========");
BufferedReader is=new BufferedReader(
new InputStreamReader(entity.getContent()));
String line=null;
while((line=is.readLine())!=null){
System.out.println(line);
}
System.out.println("--------------------");
}
}

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