Apache负载均衡实战-session共享

吴贺华

Apache负载均衡实战
              含Session共享
一准备工作
下载Apache、tomcat
    2个或者多个tomcat
F:\JavaProgram\apache-tomcat-7.0.64-8088
F:\JavaProgram\apache-tomcat-7.0.64-8080
1个apache
F:\Apache24\bin
 
下载mod_jk.so
将此文件添加到目录F:\Apache24\modules
二配置文件
1 修改Apache conf目录下的httpd.conf
 在最后一行添加
include "F:\Apache24\conf\mod_jk.conf"
 
2 新建mod_jk.conf文件
在目录F:\Apache24\conf下添加文件，内容如下：
LoadModule jk_module modules/mod_jk.so
 
JkWorkersFile conf/workers.properties
 
#指定那些请求交给tomcat处理,"controller"为在workers.propertise里指定的负载分配控制器名
JkMount /* controller
 
3 tomcat配置
在Server.xml文件中添加两端配置：
 
<Engine defaultHost="localhost" name="Catalina" jvmRoute="tomcat2">
 
集群配置：

<Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"

                 channelSendOptions="6">

          <Manager className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.BackupManager"

                   expireSessionsOnShutdown="false"

                   notifyListenersOnReplication="true"

                   mapSendOptions="6"/>

 

          <Channel className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.GroupChannel">

            <Membership className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastService"

                        address="228.0.0.4"

                        port="45564"

                        frequency="500"

                        dropTime="3000"/>

            <Receiver className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.NioReceiver"

                      address="auto"

                      port="5000"

                      selectorTimeout="100"

                      maxThreads="6"/>

 

            <Sender className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.ReplicationTransmitter">

              <Transport className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.PooledParallelSender"/>

            </Sender>

            <Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpFailureDetector"/>

            <Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.MessageDispatch15Interceptor"/>

            <Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.ThroughputInterceptor"/>

          </Channel>

 

          <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.ReplicationValve"

                 filter=".*\.gif;.*\.js;.*\.jpg;.*\.png;.*\.htm;.*\.html;.*\.css;.*\.txt;"/>

 

          <Deployer className="org.apache.catalina.ha.deploy.FarmWarDeployer"

                    tempDir="/tmp/war-temp/"

                    deployDir="/tmp/war-deploy/"

                    watchDir="/tmp/war-listen/"

                    watchEnabled="false"/>

 

          <ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.ClusterSessionListener"/>

        </Cluster>
 
4 应用配置
需要在应用的web.xml文件中添加如下配置，表示该应用将在分布式容器中部署：
  <distributable/>
 
5 新建workers.properties文件
在目录F:\Apache24\conf下添加文件，内容如下
#server
worker.list = controller
#========tomcat1========
worker.tomcat1.port=8009
worker.tomcat1.host=127.0.0.1
worker.tomcat1.type=ajp13
worker.tomcat1.lbfactor = 1
 
#========tomcat2========
worker.tomcat2.port=8019
worker.tomcat2.host=127.0.0.1
worker.tomcat2.type=ajp13
worker.tomcat2.lbfactor = 1
 
#========controller,负载均衡控制器========
worker.controller.type=lb
worker.controller.balanced_workers=tomcat1,tomcat2
worker.controller.sticky_session=false
worker.controller.sticky_session_force=1
#worker.controller.sticky_session=1
 
 
附一 Apache基本的操作方法：
本文假设你的apahce安装目录为/usr/local/apache2，这些方法适合任何情况
apahce启动命令：
推荐/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl start apache启动
apache停止命令
/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl stop   停止
apache重新启动命令：
/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl restart重启
要在重启 Apache 服务器时不中断当前的连接，则应运行：
/usr/local/sbin/apachectl graceful
 
附二引申以及需要注意的问题：
1、session复制的方式：BackupManager与DeltaManager
2、Java应用session的value需要序列化，否则无法实现session共享