CentOS7下利用cobbler部署CentOS

要432w

1）安装epel源和cobbler

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[iyunv@cobbler ~]# yum -y install http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/ ... ease-7-9.noarch.rpm [iyunv@cobbler ~]# yum install cobbler cobbler-web dhcp tftp-server pykickstart httpd xinetd -y [iyunv@cobbler ~]# systemctl start xinetd.service [iyunv@cobbler ~]# systemctl enable xinetd.service [iyunv@cobbler ~]# systemctl start httpd [iyunv@cobbler ~]# systemctl enable httpd Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/httpd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service. [iyunv@cobbler ~]# systemctl start cobblerd.service [iyunv@cobbler ~]# systemctl enable cobblerd.service Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/cobblerd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/cobblerd.service.

2）配置cobbler

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检查cobbler： [iyunv@cobbler ~]# cobbler check The following are potential configuration items that you may want to fix: 1 : The 'server' field in /etc/cobbler/settings must be set to something other than localhost, or kickstarting features will not work.  This should be a resolvable hostname or IP for the boot server as reachable by all machines that will use it. 2 : For PXE to be functional, the 'next_server' field in /etc/cobbler/settings must be set to something other than 127.0.0.1, and should match the IP of the boot server on the PXE network. 3 : change 'disable' to 'no' in /etc/xinetd.d/tftp 4 : some network boot-loaders are missing from /var/lib/cobbler/loaders, you may run 'cobbler get-loaders' to download them, or, if you only want to handle x86/x86_64 netbooting, you may ensure that you have installed a *recent* version of the syslinux package installed and can ignore this message entirely.  Files in this directory, should you want to support all architectures, should include pxelinux.0, menu.c32, elilo.efi, and yaboot. The 'cobbler get-loaders' command is the easiest way to resolve these requirements. 5 : enable and start rsyncd.service with systemctl 6 : debmirror package is not installed, it will be required to manage debian deployments and repositories 7 : The default password used by the sample templates for newly installed machines (default_password_crypted in /etc/cobbler/settings) is still set to 'cobbler' and should be changed, try: "openssl passwd -1 -salt 'random-phrase-here' 'your-password-here'" to generate new one 8 : fencing tools were not found, and are required to use the (optional) power management features. install cman or fence-agents to use them Restart cobblerd and then run 'cobbler sync' to apply changes.

修改cobbler的配置文件：

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[iyunv@cobbler ~]# vim /etc/cobbler/settings # if you do not set this correctly, this will be manifested in TFTP open timeouts. 将“next_server: 127.0.0.1”修改为“next_server: 10.10.10.222” 将“server: 127.0.0.1”修改为“server: 10.10.10.222” # set to 1 to enable Cobbler's DHCP management features. # the choice of DHCP management engine is in /etc/cobbler/modules.conf 将“manage_dhcp: 0”修改为“manage_dhcp: 1”

修改cobbler默认的密码：

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将“default_password_crypted: "$1$mF86/UHC$WvcIcX2t6crBz2onWxyac."”修改为“default_password_crypted: "$1$wanwan$K9lP0CajD0pbFaxI0if84/"” 随机生成一个密码： [iyunv@cobbler ~]# openssl passwd -1 -salt 'wanwan' 'redhat12345' $1$wanwan$K9lP0CajD0pbFaxI0if84/ [iyunv@cobbler ~]# vim /etc/xinetd.d/tftp 将“disable                 = yes”修改为“disable                 = no”

重启rsync服务：

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[iyunv@cobbler ~]# systemctl start rsyncd.service [iyunv@cobbler ~]# systemctl enable rsyncd.service Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/rsyncd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/rsyncd.service.

下载cobbler相关的包：

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[iyunv@cobbler ~]# cobbler get-loaders task started: 2017-03-20_110931_get_loaders task started (id=Download Bootloader Content, time=Mon Mar 20 11:09:31 2017) downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/README to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/README downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/COPYING.elilo to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/COPYING.elilo downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/COPYING.yaboot to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/COPYING.yaboot downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/COPYING.syslinux to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/COPYING.syslinux downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/elilo-3.8-ia64.efi to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/elilo-ia64.efi downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/yaboot-1.3.17 to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/yaboot downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/pxelinux.0-3.86 to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/pxelinux.0 downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/menu.c32-3.86 to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/menu.c32 downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/grub-0.97-x86.efi to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86.efi downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/grub-0.97-x86_64.efi to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86_64.efi *** TASK COMPLETE *** [iyunv@cobbler ~]# systemctl restart cobblerd.service [iyunv@cobbler ~]# cobbler check The following are potential configuration items that you may want to fix: 1 : debmirror package is not installed, it will be required to manage debian deployments and repositories 2 : fencing tools were not found, and are required to use the (optional) power management features. install cman or fence-agents to use them [iyunv@cobbler ~]# cd /etc/cobbler/ [iyunv@cobbler cobbler]# ls auth.conf       dhcp.template           ldap            power          rsync.template      users.conf     zone_templates cheetah_macros  dnsmasq.template        modules.conf    pxe            secondary.template  users.digest cobbler_bash    import_rsync_whitelist  mongodb.conf    reporting      settings            version completions     iso                     named.template  rsync.exclude  tftpd.template      zone.template

3）配置服务

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[iyunv@cobbler cobbler]# vim dhcp.template subnet 10.10.10.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {      option routers             10.10.10.2;      option domain-name-servers 10.10.10.2;      option subnet-mask         255.255.255.0;      range dynamic-bootp        10.10.10.100 10.10.10.200;      default-lease-time         21600;      max-lease-time             43200;      next-server                $next_server;      class "pxeclients" {           match if substring (option vendor-class-identifier, 0, 9) = "PXEClient";           if option pxe-system-type = 00:02 {                   filename "ia64/elilo.efi";           } else if option pxe-system-type = 00:06 {                   filename "grub/grub-x86.efi";           } else if option pxe-system-type = 00:07 {                   filename "grub/grub-x86_64.efi";           } else {                   filename "pxelinux.0";           }      } } 备注：主要修改网段、DNS、网关等信息 [iyunv@cobbler cobbler]# cobbler sync 通过cobbler管理的dhcp的配置文件 [iyunv@cobbler cobbler]# egrep -v '^#|^$' /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf ddns-update-style interim; allow booting; allow bootp; ignore client-updates; set vendorclass = option vendor-class-identifier; option pxe-system-type code 93 = unsigned integer 16; subnet 10.10.10.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {      option routers             10.10.10.2;      option domain-name-servers 10.10.10.2;      option subnet-mask         255.255.255.0;      range dynamic-bootp        10.10.10.100 10.10.10.200;      default-lease-time         21600;      max-lease-time             43200;      next-server                10.10.10.222;      class "pxeclients" {           match if substring (option vendor-class-identifier, 0, 9) = "PXEClient";           if option pxe-system-type = 00:02 {                   filename "ia64/elilo.efi";           } else if option pxe-system-type = 00:06 {                   filename "grub/grub-x86.efi";           } else if option pxe-system-type = 00:07 {                   filename "grub/grub-x86_64.efi";           } else {                   filename "pxelinux.0";           }      } } group { }

挂载并导入数据：

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[iyunv@cobbler ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt mount: /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only [iyunv@cobbler ~]# df -h Filesystem           Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/cl-root   50G  9.8G   41G  20% / devtmpfs             1.9G     0  1.9G   0% /dev tmpfs                1.9G  144K  1.9G   1% /dev/shm tmpfs                1.9G  9.0M  1.9G   1% /run tmpfs                1.9G     0  1.9G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/mapper/cl-home   46G   36M   46G   1% /home /dev/sda1           1014M  175M  840M  18% /boot tmpfs                378M   12K  378M   1% /run/user/0 /dev/sr0             4.1G  4.1G     0 100% /mnt [iyunv@cobbler ~]# cobbler import --path=/mnt --name=CentOS-7.3 --arch=x86_64 task started: 2017-03-20_113200_import task started (id=Media import, time=Mon Mar 20 11:32:00 2017) Found a candidate signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel6 Found a candidate signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel7 Found a matching signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel7 Adding distros from path /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS-7.3-x86_64: creating new distro: CentOS-7.3-x86_64 trying symlink: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS-7.3-x86_64 -> /var/www/cobbler/links/CentOS-7.3-x86_64 creating new profile: CentOS-7.3-x86_64 associating repos checking for rsync repo(s) checking for rhn repo(s) checking for yum repo(s) starting descent into /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS-7.3-x86_64 for CentOS-7.3-x86_64 processing repo at : /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS-7.3-x86_64 need to process repo/comps: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS-7.3-x86_64 looking for /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS-7.3-x86_64/repodata/*comps*.xml Keeping repodata as-is :/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS-7.3-x86_64/repodata *** TASK COMPLETE ***

说明：cobbler导入的镜像放在：/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror

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[iyunv@cobbler ks_mirror]# pwd /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror [iyunv@cobbler ks_mirror]# ls CentOS-7.3-x86_64  config

默认kickstart文件存放位置：/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/

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[iyunv@cobbler ~]# cd /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/ [iyunv@cobbler kickstarts]# ll total 52 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root  115 Nov 17 03:09 default.ks -rw-r--r-- 1 root root   22 Nov 17 03:09 esxi4-ks.cfg -rw-r--r-- 1 root root   22 Nov 17 03:09 esxi5-ks.cfg drwxr-xr-x 2 root root   56 Mar 20 10:39 install_profiles -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1424 Nov 17 03:09 legacy.ks -rw-r--r-- 1 root root  292 Nov 17 03:09 pxerescue.ks -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2916 Nov 17 03:09 sample_autoyast.xml -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1825 Nov 17 03:09 sample_end.ks -rw-r--r-- 1 root root    0 Nov 17 03:09 sample_esx4.ks -rw-r--r-- 1 root root  324 Nov 17 03:09 sample_esxi4.ks -rw-r--r-- 1 root root  386 Nov 17 03:09 sample_esxi5.ks -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1784 Nov 17 03:09 sample.ks -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3419 Nov 17 03:09 sample_old.seed -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 5879 Nov 17 03:09 sample.seed [iyunv@cobbler ~]# cobbler list distros:    CentOS-7.3-x86_64 profiles:    CentOS-7.3-x86_64 systems: repos: images: mgmtclasses: packages: files: [iyunv@cobbler ~]# cobbler profile report Name                           : CentOS-7.3-x86_64 TFTP Boot Files                : {} Comment                        : DHCP Tag                       : default Distribution                   : CentOS-7.3-x86_64 Enable gPXE?                   : 0 Enable PXE Menu?               : 1 Fetchable Files                : {} Kernel Options                 : {} Kernel Options (Post Install)  : {} Kickstart                      : /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/sample_end.ks Kickstart Metadata             : {} Management Classes             : [] Management Parameters          : <<inherit>> Name Servers                   : [] Name Servers Search Path       : [] Owners                         : ['admin'] Parent Profile                 : Internal proxy                 : Red Hat Management Key         : <<inherit>> Red Hat Management Server      : <<inherit>> Repos                          : [] Server Override                : <<inherit>> Template Files                 : {} Virt Auto Boot                 : 1 Virt Bridge                    : xenbr0 Virt CPUs                      : 1 Virt Disk Driver Type          : raw Virt File Size(GB)             : 5 Virt Path                      : Virt RAM (MB)                  : 512 Virt Type                      : kvm

查看cobbler profile的帮助：

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[iyunv@cobbler ~]# cobbler profile edit --help Usage: cobbler [options] Options:   -h, --help            show this help message and exit   --name=NAME           Name (Ex: F10-i386-webserver)   --uid=UID               --owners=OWNERS       Owners (Owners list for authz_ownership (space                         delimited))   --distro=DISTRO       Distribution (Parent distribution)   --parent=PARENT       Parent Profile   --enable-gpxe=ENABLE_GPXE                         Enable gPXE? (Use gPXE instead of PXELINUX for                         advanced booting options)   --enable-menu=ENABLE_MENU                         Enable PXE Menu? (Show this profile in the PXE menu?)   --kickstart=KICKSTART                         Kickstart (Path to kickstart template)   --kopts=KERNEL_OPTIONS                         Kernel Options (Ex: selinux=permissive)   --kopts-post=KERNEL_OPTIONS_POST                         Kernel Options (Post Install) (Ex: clocksource=pit                         noapic)   --ksmeta=KS_META      Kickstart Metadata (Ex: dog=fang agent=86)   --proxy=PROXY         Internal proxy (Internal proxy URL)   --repos=REPOS         Repos (Repos to auto-assign to this profile)   --comment=COMMENT     Comment (Free form text description)   --virt-auto-boot=VIRT_AUTO_BOOT                         Virt Auto Boot (Auto boot this VM?)   --virt-cpus=VIRT_CPUS                         Virt CPUs (integer)   --virt-file-size=VIRT_FILE_SIZE                         Virt File Size(GB)   --virt-disk-driver=VIRT_DISK_DRIVER                         Virt Disk Driver Type (The on-disk format for the                         virtualization disk)   --virt-ram=VIRT_RAM   Virt RAM (MB)   --depth=DEPTH            --virt-type=VIRT_TYPE                         Virt Type (Virtualization technology to use) (valid                         options: xenpv,xenfv,qemu,kvm,vmware,openvz,SETTINGS:d                         efault_virt_type)   --virt-path=VIRT_PATH                         Virt Path (Ex: /directory OR VolGroup00)   --virt-bridge=VIRT_BRIDGE                         Virt Bridge   --dhcp-tag=DHCP_TAG   DHCP Tag (See manpage or leave blank)   --server=SERVER       Server Override (See manpage or leave blank)   --ctime=CTIME            --mtime=MTIME            --name-servers=NAME_SERVERS                         Name Servers (space delimited)   --name-servers-search=NAME_SERVERS_SEARCH                         Name Servers Search Path (space delimited)   --mgmt-classes=MGMT_CLASSES                         Management Classes (For external configuration                         management)   --mgmt-parameters=MGMT_PARAMETERS                         Management Parameters (Parameters which will be handed                         to your management application (Must be valid YAML                         dictionary))   --boot-files=BOOT_FILES                         TFTP Boot Files (Files copied into tftpboot beyond the                         kernel/initrd)   --fetchable-files=FETCHABLE_FILES                         Fetchable Files (Templates for tftp or wget/curl)   --template-files=TEMPLATE_FILES                         Template Files (File mappings for built-in config                         management)   --redhat-management-key=REDHAT_MANAGEMENT_KEY                         Red Hat Management Key (Registration key for RHN,                         Spacewalk, or Satellite)   --redhat-management-server=REDHAT_MANAGEMENT_SERVER                         Red Hat Management Server (Address of Spacewalk or                         Satellite Server)   --template-remote-kickstarts=TEMPLATE_REMOTE_KICKSTARTS   --clobber             allow add to overwrite existing objects   --in-place            edit items in kopts or ksmeta without clearing the                         other items

修改kickstart文件：

1	[iyunv@cobbler ~]# cobbler profile edit --name=CentOS-7.3-x86_64 --kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/CentOS-7.3-x86_64.cfg

修改内核参数：

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[iyunv@cobbler ~]# cobbler profile edit --name=CentOS-7.3-x86_64 --kopts='net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0' [iyunv@cobbler ~]# cobbler profile report Name                           : CentOS-7.3-x86_64 TFTP Boot Files                : {} Comment                        : DHCP Tag                       : default Distribution                   : CentOS-7.3-x86_64 Enable gPXE?                   : 0 Enable PXE Menu?               : 1 Fetchable Files                : {} Kernel Options                 : {'biosdevname': '0', 'net.ifnames': '0'} Kernel Options (Post Install)  : {} Kickstart                      : /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/CentOS-7.3-x86_64.cfg Kickstart Metadata             : {} Management Classes             : [] Management Parameters          : <<inherit>> Name Servers                   : [] Name Servers Search Path       : [] Owners                         : ['admin'] Parent Profile                 : Internal proxy                 : Red Hat Management Key         : <<inherit>> Red Hat Management Server      : <<inherit>> Repos                          : [] Server Override                : <<inherit>> Template Files                 : {} Virt Auto Boot                 : 1 Virt Bridge                    : xenbr0 Virt CPUs                      : 1 Virt Disk Driver Type          : raw Virt File Size(GB)             : 5 Virt Path                      : Virt RAM (MB)                  : 512 Virt Type                      : kvm [iyunv@cobbler ~]# cobbler sync task started: 2017-03-20_135014_sync task started (id=Sync, time=Mon Mar 20 13:50:14 2017) running pre-sync triggers cleaning trees removing: /var/www/cobbler/images/CentOS-7.3-x86_64 removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/images removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86.efi removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86_64.efi removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/efidefault removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/images/CentOS-7.3-x86_64 removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/s390x/profile_list copying bootloaders trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/pxelinux.0 -> /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.0 copying: /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/pxelinux.0 -> /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.0 trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/menu.c32 -> /var/lib/tftpboot/menu.c32 copying: /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/menu.c32 -> /var/lib/tftpboot/menu.c32 trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86.efi -> /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86.efi trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86_64.efi -> /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86_64.efi copying distros to tftpboot copying files for distro: CentOS-7.3-x86_64 trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS-7.3-x86_64/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz -> /var/lib/tftpboot/images/CentOS-7.3-x86_64/vmlinuz trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS-7.3-x86_64/images/pxeboot/initrd.img -> /var/lib/tftpboot/images/CentOS-7.3-x86_64/initrd.img copying images generating PXE configuration files generating PXE menu structure copying files for distro: CentOS-7.3-x86_64 trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS-7.3-x86_64/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz -> /var/www/cobbler/images/CentOS-7.3-x86_64/vmlinuz trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS-7.3-x86_64/images/pxeboot/initrd.img -> /var/www/cobbler/images/CentOS-7.3-x86_64/initrd.img Writing template files for CentOS-7.3-x86_64 rendering DHCP files generating /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf rendering TFTPD files generating /etc/xinetd.d/tftp processing boot_files for distro: CentOS-7.3-x86_64 cleaning link caches running post-sync triggers running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/* running python trigger cobbler.modules.sync_post_restart_services running: dhcpd -t -q received on stdout: received on stderr: running: service dhcpd restart received on stdout: received on stderr: Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart  dhcpd.service running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/* running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/* running python trigger cobbler.modules.scm_track running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/* *** TASK COMPLETE ***

客户端设置从网卡启动：


安装完的CentOS6：


cobbler的图形化管理界面（默认用户名cobbler，默认密码cobbler）：