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时间格式化函数date();
string date ( string $format [, int $timestamp ] )
时间戳参数不传递则为当前时间。
格式化方式指定:
echo "今天:".date("Y-m-d")."<br>";
format字符
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说明
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返回值例子
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日
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---
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---
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d
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月份中的第几天,有前导零的 2 位数字
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01 到 31
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D
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星期中的第几天,文本表示,3 个字母
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Mon 到 Sun
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j
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月份中的第几天,没有前导零
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1 到 31
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l(“L”的小写字母)
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星期几,完整的文本格式
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Sunday 到 Saturday
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N
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ISO-8601 格式数字表示的星期中的第几天(PHP 5.1.0 新加)
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1(表示星期一)到 7(表示星期天)
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S
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每月天数后面的英文后缀,2 个字符
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st,nd,rd 或者 th。可以和 j 一起用
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w
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星期中的第几天,数字表示
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0(表示星期天)到 6(表示星期六)
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z
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年份中的第几天
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0 到 365
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星期
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---
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---
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W
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ISO-8601 格式年份中的第几周,每周从星期一开始(PHP 4.1.0 新加的)
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例如:42(当年的第 42 周)
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月
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---
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---
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F
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月份,完整的文本格式,例如 January 或者 March
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January 到 December
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m
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数字表示的月份,有前导零
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01 到 12
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M
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三个字母缩写表示的月份
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Jan 到 Dec
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n
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数字表示的月份,没有前导零
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1 到 12
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t
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给定月份所应有的天数
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28 到 31
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年
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---
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---
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L
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是否为闰年
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如果是闰年为 1,否则为 0
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o
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ISO-8601 格式年份数字。这和 Y 的值相同,只除了如果 ISO 的星期数(W)属于前一年或下一年,则用那一年。(PHP 5.1.0 新加)
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Examples: 1999 or 2003
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Y
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4 位数字完整表示的年份
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例如:1999 或 2003
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y
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2 位数字表示的年份
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例如:99 或 03
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时间
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---
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---
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a
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小写的上午和下午值
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am 或 pm
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A
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大写的上午和下午值
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AM 或 PM
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B
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Swatch Internet 标准时
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000 到 999
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g
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小时,12 小时格式,没有前导零
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1 到 12
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G
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小时,24 小时格式,没有前导零
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0 到 23
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h
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小时,12 小时格式,有前导零
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01 到 12
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H
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小时,24 小时格式,有前导零
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00 到 23
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i
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有前导零的分钟数
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00 到 59>
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s
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秒数,有前导零
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00 到 59>
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时区
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---
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---
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e
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时区标识(PHP 5.1.0 新加)
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例如:UTC,GMT,Atlantic/Azores
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I
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是否为夏令时
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如果是夏令时为 1,否则为 0
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O
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与格林威治时间相差的小时数
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例如:+0200
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P
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与格林威治时间(GMT)的差别,小时和分钟之间有冒号分隔(PHP 5.1.3 新加)
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例如:+02:00
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T
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本机所在的时区
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例如:EST,MDT(【译者注】在 Windows 下为完整文本格式,例如“Eastern Standard Time”,中文版会显示“中国标准时间”)。
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Z
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时差偏移量的秒数。UTC 西边的时区偏移量总是负的,UTC 东边的时区偏移量总是正的。
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-43200 到 43200
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完整的日期/时间
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---
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---
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c
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ISO 8601 格式的日期(PHP 5 新加)
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2004-02-12T15:19:21+00:00
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r
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RFC 822 格式的日期
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例如:Thu, 21 Dec 2000 16:01:07 +0200
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U
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从 Unix 纪元(January 1 1970 00:00:00 GMT)开始至今的秒数
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参见 time()
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strtotime — 将任何英文文本的日期时间描述解析为 Unix 时间戳
int strtotime ( string $time [, int $now = time() ] )
date()与strtotime()同时使用,就可以方便得到昨天,前天,明天等相关时间格式化方式:
如:
<?php
echo "昨天:".date("Y-m-d",strtotime("yesterday")), "<br>";
?>
Description
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Format
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dayname
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'sunday' | 'monday' | 'tuesday' | 'wednesday' | 'thursday' | 'friday' | 'saturday' | 'sun' | 'mon' | 'tue' | 'wed' | 'thu' | 'fri' | 'sat' | 'sun'
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daytext
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'weekday' | 'weekdays'
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number
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[+-]?[0-9]+
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ordinal
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'first' | 'second' | 'third' | 'fourth' | 'fifth' | 'sixth' | 'seventh' | 'eighth' | 'ninth' | 'tenth' | 'eleventh' | 'twelfth' | 'next' | 'last' | 'previous' | 'this'
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reltext
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'next' | 'last' | 'previous' | 'this'
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space
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[ \t]+
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unit
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(('sec' | 'second' | 'min' | 'minute' | 'hour' | 'day' | 'fortnight' | 'forthnight' | 'month' | 'year') 's'?) | 'weeks' | daytext
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<?php
echo strtotime("now"), "\n";
echo strtotime("10 September 2000"), "\n";
echo strtotime("+1 day"), "\n";
echo strtotime("+1 week"), "\n";
echo strtotime("+1 week 2 days 4 hours 2 seconds"), "\n";
echo strtotime("next Thursday"), "\n";
echo strtotime("last Monday"), "\n";
?>
Description
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Examples
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Midnight of yesterday
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"yesterday 14:00"
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The time is set to 00:00:00
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The time is set to 00:00:00
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Now - this is simply ignored
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The time is set to 12:00:00
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"yesterday noon"
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Midnight of tomorrow
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15 minutes past the specified hour
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"back of 7pm", "back of 15"
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15 minutes before the specified hour
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"front of 5am", "front of 23"
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Sets the day of the first of the current month. This phrase is best used together with a month name following it.
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"first day of January 2008"
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Sets the day to the last day of the current month. This phrase is best used together with a month name following it.
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"last day of next month"
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Calculates the x-th week day of the current month.
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"first sat of July 2008"
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Calculates the last week day of the current month.
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"last sat of July 2008"
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Handles relative time items where the value is a number.
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"+5 weeks", "12 day", "-7 weekdays"
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Handles relative time items where the value is text.
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"fifth day", "second month"
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Negates all the values of previously found relative time items.
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"2 days ago", "8 days ago 14:00", "2 months 5 days ago", "2 months ago 5 days", "2 days ago ago"
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Moves to the next day of this name.
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"Monday"
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Handles the special format "weekday + last/this/next week".
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"Monday next week"
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<?php
echo "今天:".date("Y-m-d")."<br>";
echo "昨天:".date("Y-m-d",strtotime("-1 day")), "<br>";
echo "明天:".date("Y-m-d",strtotime("+1 day")). "<br>";
echo "一周后:".date("Y-m-d",strtotime("+1 week")). "<br>";
echo "一周零两天四小时两秒后:".date("Y-m-d G:H:s",strtotime("+1 week 2 days 4 hours 2 seconds")). "<br>";
echo "下个星期四:".date("Y-m-d",strtotime("next Thursday")). "<br>";
echo "上个周一:".date("Y-m-d",strtotime("last Monday"))."<br>";
echo "一个月前:".date("Y-m-d",strtotime("last month"))."<br>";
echo "一个月后:".date("Y-m-d",strtotime("+1 month"))."<br>";
echo "十年后:".date("Y-m-d",strtotime("+10 year"))."<br>";
?>
也可以用格式化的确定日期的字符串:
<?php echo date("Y-m-d", strtotime("2011-W17-6")) . "\n"; ?>
如:
mm "/" dd
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"5/12", "10/27"
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mm "/" dd "/" y
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"12/22/78", "1/17/2006", "1/17/6"
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YY "/" mm "/" dd
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"2008/6/30", "1978/12/22"
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YY "-" mm
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"2008-6", "2008-06", "1978-12"
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y "-" mm "-" dd
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"2008-6-30", "78-12-22", "8-6-21"
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dd [.\t-] mm [.-] YY
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"30-6-2008", "22.12\t1978"
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dd [.\t] mm "." yy
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"30.6.08", "22\t12\t78"
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dd ([ \t.-])* m ([ \t.-])* y
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"30-June 2008", "22DEC78", "14 III 1879"
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m ([ \t.-])* YY
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"June 2008", "DEC1978", "March 1879"
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YY ([ \t.-])* m
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"2008 June", "1978-XII", "1879.MArCH"
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m ([ .\t-])* dd [,.stndrh\t ]+y
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"July 1st, 2008", "April 17, 1790", "May.9,78"
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m ([ .\t-])* dd [,.stndrh\t ]*
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"July 1st,", "Apr 17", "May.9"
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d ([ .\t-])* m
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"1 July", "17 Apr", "9.May"
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M "-" DD "-" y
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"May-09-78", "Apr-17-1790"
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y "-" M "-" DD
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"78-Dec-22", "1814-MAY-17"
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YY
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"1978", "2008"
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m
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"March", "jun", "DEC"
| 也可以用格式化的确定时间的字符串:
Description
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Formats
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Examples
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frac
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. [0-9]+
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".21342", ".85"
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hh
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"0"?[1-9] | "1"[0-2]
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"04", "7", "12"
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HH
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[01][0-9] | "2"[0-4]
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"04", "7", "19"
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meridian
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[AaPp] .? [Mm] .? [\0\t ]
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"A.m.", "pM", "am."
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MM
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[0-5][0-9]
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"00", "12", "59"
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II
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[0-5][0-9]
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"00", "12", "59"
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space
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[ \t]
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tz
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"("? [A-Za-z]{1,6} ")"? | [A-Z][a-z]+([_/][A-Z][a-z]+)+
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"CEST", "Europe/Amsterdam", "America/Indiana/Knox"
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tzcorrection
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"GMT"? [+-] hh ":"? MM?
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"+0400", "GMT-07:00", "-07:00"
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或者二者综合:
Description
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Formats
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Examples
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DD
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"0" [0-9] | [1-2][0-9] | "3" [01]
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"02", "12", "31"
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doy
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"00"[1-9] | "0"[1-9][0-9] | [1-2][0-9][0-9] | "3"[0-5][0-9] | "36"[0-6]
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"36"[0-6] "000", "012", "366"
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frac
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. [0-9]+
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".21342", ".85"
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hh
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"0"?[1-9] | "1"[0-2]
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"04", "7", "12"
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HH
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[01][0-9] | "2"[0-4]
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"04", "7", "19"
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meridian
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[AaPp] .? [Mm] .? [\0\t ]
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"A.m.", "pM", "am."
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ii
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[0-5][0-9]
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"04", "8", "59"
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II
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[0-5][0-9]
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"04", "08", "59"
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M
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'jan' | 'feb' | 'mar' | 'apr' | 'may' | 'jun' | 'jul' | 'aug' | 'sep' | 'sept' | 'oct' | 'nov' | 'dec'
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MM
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[0-5][0-9]
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"00", "12", "59"
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space
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[ \t]
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ss
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[0-5][0-9]
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"04", "8", "59"
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SS
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[0-5][0-9]
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"04", "08", "59"
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W
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"0"[1-9] | [1-4][0-9] | "5"[0-3]
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"05", "17", "53"
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tzcorrection
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"GMT"? [+-] hh ":"? MM?
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"+0400", "GMT-07:00", "-07:00"
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YY
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[0-9]{4}
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"2000", "2008", "1978"
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如:
<?php echo date("Y-m-d H:i:s", strtotime("2013-5-16 15:03:23")) . "\n"; ?>
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