CentOS7静默安装oracle11g

赤色烙印

　　操作系统：



[iyunv@docker ~]# uname -m
x86_64
[iyunv@docker ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.1.1503 (Core)
　　安装软件包：
　　参考官方：http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E11882_01/install.112/e24326/toc.htm#BHCCADGD

• The following or later version of packages for Oracle Linux 7, and Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 must be installed:
  

binutils-2.23.52.0.1-12.el7.x86_64
compat-libcap1-1.10-3.el7.x86_64
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-71.el7.i686
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-71.el7.x86_64
gcc-4.8.2-3.el7.x86_64
gcc-c++-4.8.2-3.el7.x86_64
glibc-2.17-36.el7.i686
glibc-2.17-36.el7.x86_64
glibc-devel-2.17-36.el7.i686
glibc-devel-2.17-36.el7.x86_64
ksh
libaio-0.3.109-9.el7.i686
libaio-0.3.109-9.el7.x86_64
libaio-devel-0.3.109-9.el7.i686
libaio-devel-0.3.109-9.el7.x86_64
libgcc-4.8.2-3.el7.i686
libgcc-4.8.2-3.el7.x86_64
libstdc++-4.8.2-3.el7.i686
libstdc++-4.8.2-3.el7.x86_64
libstdc++-devel-4.8.2-3.el7.i686
libstdc++-devel-4.8.2-3.el7.x86_64
libXi-1.7.2-1.el7.i686
libXi-1.7.2-1.el7.x86_64
libXtst-1.2.2-1.el7.i686
libXtst-1.2.2-1.el7.x86_64
make-3.82-19.el7.x86_64
sysstat-10.1.5-1.el7.x86_64
unixODBC-2.3.1-6.el7.x86_64 or later
unixODBC-2.3.1-6.el7.i686 or later
unixODBC-devel-2.3.1-6.el7.x86_64 or later
unixODBC-devel-2.3.1-6.el7.i686 or later
　　用yum进行安装



yum -y install binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 compat-libstdc++-33*i686 compat-libstdc++-33*.devel compat-libstdc++-33 compat-libstdc++-33*.devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc*.i686 glibc-devel glibc-devel*.i686 ksh libaio libaio*.i686 libaio-devel libaio-devel*.devel libgcc libgcc*.i686 libstdc++ libstdc++*.i686 libstdc++-devel libstdc++-devel*.devel libXi libXi*.i686 libXtst libXtst*.i686 make sysstat unixODBC unixODBC*.i686 unixODBC-devel unixODBC-devel*.i686
　　检测是否31个包都有安装



[iyunv@docker ~]# rpm -q binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-devel ksh libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel libXi libXtst  make sysstat  unixODBC unixODBC-devel
binutils-2.23.52.0.1-55.el7.x86_64
compat-libcap1-1.10-7.el7.x86_64
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-72.el7.x86_64
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-72.el7.i686
gcc-4.8.5-4.el7.x86_64
gcc-c++-4.8.5-4.el7.x86_64
glibc-2.17-106.el7_2.8.x86_64
glibc-2.17-106.el7_2.8.i686
glibc-devel-2.17-106.el7_2.8.x86_64
glibc-devel-2.17-106.el7_2.8.i686
ksh-20120801-22.el7_1.3.x86_64
libaio-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64
libaio-0.3.109-13.el7.i686
libaio-devel-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64
libaio-devel-0.3.109-13.el7.i686
libgcc-4.8.5-4.el7.x86_64
libgcc-4.8.5-4.el7.i686
libstdc++-4.8.5-4.el7.x86_64
libstdc++-4.8.5-4.el7.i686
libstdc++-devel-4.8.5-4.el7.x86_64
libstdc++-devel-4.8.5-4.el7.i686
libXi-1.7.2-2.1.el7.x86_64
libXi-1.7.4-2.el7.i686
libXtst-1.2.2-2.1.el7.x86_64
libXtst-1.2.2-2.1.el7.i686
make-3.82-21.el7.x86_64
sysstat-10.1.5-7.el7.x86_64
unixODBC-2.3.1-11.el7.x86_64
unixODBC-2.3.1-11.el7.i686
unixODBC-devel-2.3.1-11.el7.x86_64
unixODBC-devel-2.3.1-11.el7.i686
　　版本号只能大于规定的版本，不能小于。
　　创建oinstall和dba组



/usr/sbin/groupadd oinstall
/usr/sbin/groupadd dba
　　创建oracle用户



/usr/sbin/useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle
　　设置oracle用户密码



passwd oracle
　　验证创建是否正确



[iyunv@docker ~]# id oracle
uid=1001(oracle) gid=1001(oinstall) groups=1001(oinstall),1002(dba)
　　配置内核参数



[iyunv@docker ~]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf
# System default settings live in /usr/lib/sysctl.d/00-system.conf.
# To override those settings, enter new settings here, or in an /etc/sysctl.d/<name>.conf file
#
# For more information, see sysctl.conf(5) and sysctl.d(5).
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 536870912
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
　　参数的值不能小于上面的配置，这是oracle官方建议的最小值，生产环境建议调整这些参数，以优化系统性能。
　　修改后使之生效



/sbin/sysctl -p
　　修改用户限制



vim  /etc/security/limits.conf
#在末尾添加
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft stack 10240

在/etc/pam.d/login 文件中，使用文本编辑器或vi命令增加或修改以下内容




session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so
session required pam_limits.so
　　在/etc/profile 文件中，使用文本编辑器或vi命令增加或修改以下内容



if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
fi
　　使之生效



source /etc/profile
　　创建安装目录



mkdir -p /u01/app/
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/
chmod -R 775 /u01/app/
　　配置环境变量



[oracle@docker ~]$ vim ~/.bash_profile

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_SID=dbsrv2
　　使之生效



source ~/.bash_profile
　　解压oracle软件



[iyunv@docker src]# unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip
[iyunv@docker src]# unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip
　　复制响应文件模板



[oracle@docker ~]$ mkdir etc
[oracle@docker ~]$ cp  /usr/local/src/database/response/* /home/oracle/etc/
[oracle@docker ~]$ ls etc
dbca.rsp  db_install.rsp  netca.rsp
　　设置响应文件权限



[oracle@docker ~]$ su - root
[iyunv@docker ~]# chmod 700 /home/oracle/etc/*.rsp
　　静默安装Oracle软件


su - oracle

修改安装Oracle软件的响应文件/home/oracle/etc/db_install.rsp




oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY     // 安装类型
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=docker        // 主机名称（hostname查询）
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall     // 安装组
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventory   //INVENTORY目录（不填就是默认值）
SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN,zh_TW // 选择语言
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1    //oracle_home
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle     //oracle_base
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE 　　　　// oracle版本
oracle.install.db.isCustomInstall=false 　　//自定义安装，否，使用默认组件
oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba /　　/ dba用户组
oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=oinstall // oper用户组
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSE //数据库类型
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=orcl //globalDBName
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=dbsrv2      //SID
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=81920 //自动管理内存的内存(M)
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=oracle //设定所有数据库用户使用同一个密码
SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=false         //（手动写了false）
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true 　　//设置安全更新（貌似是有bug，这个一定要选true，否则会无限提醒邮件地址有问题，终止安装。PS：不管地址对不对）
　　开始静默安装



[oracle@docker database]$ ./runInstaller -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/etc/db_install.rsp
　　查看安装日志



tail -f /u01/app/oraInventory/logs/installActions2016-08-31_06-56-29PM.log

出现类似如下提示表示安装完成：

------------------------------------------------------------------------

　　The following configuration scripts need to be executed as the "root" user.
#!/bin/sh
#Root scripts to run
　　/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh
To execute the configuration scripts:
1. Open a terminal window
2. Log in as "root"
3. Run the scripts
4. Return to this window and hit "Enter" key to continue
　　Successfully Setup Software.
　　-----------------------------------------------------------------------------


使用root用户执行脚本




su - root
/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh
　　增加或修改oracle的环境变量



su  - oracle
vim ~/.bash_profile
　　#for oracle
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_SID=dbsrv2
export ROACLE_PID=ora11g
#export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/usr/lib
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
　　export LANG="zh_CN.UTF-8"
export NLS_LANG="SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA.AL32UTF8"
export NLS_DATE_FORMAT='yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss'
　　配置监听程序


　　[oracle@docker ~]$ netca /silent /responsefile /home/oracle/etc/netca.rsp
　　Parsing command line arguments:
    Parameter "silent" = true
    Parameter "responsefile" = /home/oracle/etc/netca.rsp
Done parsing command line arguments.
Oracle Net Services Configuration:
Profile configuration complete.
Oracle Net Listener Startup:
    Running Listener Control:
      /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/lsnrctl start LISTENER
    Listener Control complete.
    Listener started successfully.
Listener configuration complete.
Oracle Net Services configuration successful. The exit code is 0
　　启动监控程序



[oracle@docker ~]$ lsnrctl start
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 01-SEP-2016 11:23:31
Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...
TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
System parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/docker/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=docker)(PORT=1521)))
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date                01-SEP-2016 11:23:31
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/docker/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=docker)(PORT=1521)))
The listener supports no services
The command completed successfully
　　静默dbca建库
　　编辑应答文件



[oracle@docker ~]$ vi etc/dbca.rsp
　　[GENERAL]
RESPONSEFILE_VERSION = "11.2.0"
OPERATION_TYPE = "createDatabase"
[CREATEDATABASE]
GDBNAME = "dbsrv2"
SID = "dbsrv2"
TEMPLATENAME = "General_Purpose.dbc"
CHARACTERSET = "AL32UTF8"
　　建库



[oracle@docker ~]$ dbca -silent -responseFile etc/dbca.rsp
Enter SYS user password:
Enter SYSTEM user password:
sh: /bin/ksh: No such file or directory
sh: /bin/ksh: No such file or directory
Copying database files
1% complete
3% complete
11% complete
18% complete
26% complete
37% complete
Creating and starting Oracle instance
40% complete
45% complete
50% complete
55% complete
56% complete
57% complete
60% complete
62% complete
Completing Database Creation
66% complete
70% complete
73% complete
74% complete
85% complete
96% complete
100% complete
Look at the log file Look at the log file "/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/orcl11g/orcl11g.log" for further details.
　　查看输出日志



[oracle@docker ~]$ cat /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/orcl11g/orcl11g.log
Copying database files
DBCA_PROGRESS : 1%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 3%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 11%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 18%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 26%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 37%
Creating and starting Oracle instance
DBCA_PROGRESS : 40%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 45%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 50%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 55%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 56%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 60%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 62%
Completing Database Creation
DBCA_PROGRESS : 66%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 70%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 73%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 85%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 96%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 100%
Database creation complete. For details check the logfiles at:
/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/orcl11g.
Database Information:
Global Database Name:orcl11g.us.oracle.com
System Identifier(SID):dbsrv2
　　至此完成数据库实例的创建。
　　-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
　　-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

附：
　　删除实例：



[oracle@docker ~]$ dbca -silent -deleteDatabase -sourcedb dbsrv2
　　oracle云在RedHat 6上的一些参数文件，内存是8G，供参考：
　　/etc/sysctl.conf





# Kernel sysctl configuration file for Red Hat Linux
#
# For binary values, 0 is disabled, 1 is enabled.  See sysctl(8) and
# sysctl.conf(5) for more details.
# Controls IP packet forwarding
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0
# Controls source route verification
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1
# Do not accept source routing
net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0
# Controls the System Request debugging functionality of the kernel
kernel.sysrq = 0
# Controls whether core dumps will append the PID to the core filename.
# Useful for debugging multi-threaded applications.
kernel.core_uses_pid = 1
# Controls the use of TCP syncookies
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
# Disable netfilter on bridges.
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 0
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 0
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-arptables = 0
# Controls the default maxmimum size of a mesage queue
kernel.msgmnb = 65536
# Controls the maximum size of a message, in bytes
kernel.msgmax = 65536
# Controls the maximum shared segment size, in bytes
# Controls the maximum number of shared memory segments, in pages
kernel.shmall = 4294967296
# oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall setting for fs.file-max is 6815744
# oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall setting for kernel.sem is '250 32000 100 128'
# oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall setting for kernel.shmmni is 4096
# oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall setting for kernel.shmall is 1073741824 on x86_64
# oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall setting for kernel.shmmax is 4398046511104 on x86_64
# oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall setting for kernel.panic_on_oops is 1 per Orabug 19642132
# oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall setting for net.core.rmem_default is 262144
# oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall setting for net.core.rmem_max is 4194304
# oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall setting for net.core.wmem_default is 262144
# oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall setting for net.core.wmem_max is 1048576
# oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall setting for fs.aio-max-nr is 1048576
# oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall setting for net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range is 9000 65500
kernel.panic = 10
xen.independent_wallclock = 1
# oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for fs.file-max is 6815744
fs.file-max = 6815744
# oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for kernel.sem is '250 32000 100 128'
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
# oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for kernel.shmmni is 4096
kernel.shmmni = 4096
# oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for kernel.shmall is 1073741824 on x86_64
# oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for kernel.shmall is 2097152 on i386
# oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for kernel.shmmax is 4398046511104 on x86_64
# oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for kernel.shmmax is 4294967295 on i386
kernel.shmmax = 4398046511104
# oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for kernel.panic_on_oops is 1 per Orabug 19212317
kernel.panic_on_oops = 1
# oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for net.core.rmem_default is 262144
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
# oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for net.core.rmem_max is 4194304
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
# oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for net.core.wmem_default is 262144
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
# oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for net.core.wmem_max is 1048576
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
# oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for fs.aio-max-nr is 1048576
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
# oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range is 9000 65500
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
vm.nr_hugepages = 1404
net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_redirects = 0
net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_redirects = 0
net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects = 0
View Code　　/etc/security/limits.conf





# /etc/security/limits.conf
#
#Each line describes a limit for a user in the form:
#<domain>        <type>  <item>  <value>
#Where:
#<domain> can be:
#        - a user name
#        - a group name, with @group syntax
#        - the wildcard *, for default entry
#        - the wildcard %, can be also used with %group syntax,
#                 for maxlogin limit
#<type> can have the two values:
#        - "soft" for enforcing the soft limits
#        - "hard" for enforcing hard limits
#<item> can be one of the following:
#        - core - limits the core file size (KB)
#        - data - max data size (KB)
#        - fsize - maximum filesize (KB)
#        - memlock - max locked-in-memory address space (KB)
#        - nofile - max number of open file descriptors
#        - rss - max resident set size (KB)
#        - stack - max stack size (KB)
#        - cpu - max CPU time (MIN)
#        - nproc - max number of processes
#        - as - address space limit (KB)
#        - maxsyslogins - max number of logins on the system
#        - priority - the priority to run user process with
#        - locks - max number of file locks the user can hold
#        - sigpending - max number of pending signals
#        - msgqueue - max memory used by POSIX message queues (bytes)
#        - nice - max nice priority allowed to raise to values: [-20, 19]
#        - rtprio - max realtime priority
#<domain>      <type>  <item>         <value>
#*               soft    core            0
#*               hard    rss             10000
#@student        hard    nproc           20
#@faculty        soft    nproc           20
#@faculty        hard    nproc           50
#ftp             hard    nproc           0
# End of file
# oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for nofile soft limit is 1024
oracle soft nofile 1024
# oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for nofile hard limit is 65536
oracle hard nofile 65536
# oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for nproc soft limit is 16384
# refer orabug15971421 for more info.
oracle soft nproc 16384
# oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for nproc hard limit is 16384
oracle hard nproc 16384
# oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for stack soft limit is 10240KB
oracle soft stack 10240
# oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for stack hard limit is 32768KB
oracle hard stack 32768
# oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for memlock hard limit is maximum of {128GB (x86_64) / 3GB (x86) or 90 % of RAM}
oracle hard memlock 134217728
# oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall setting for memlock soft limit is maximum of {128GB (x86_64) / 3GB (x86) or 90% of RAM}
oracle soft memlock 134217728
View Code　　~/.bashrc





# User specific aliases and functions
umask 0022
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1; export ORACLE_HOME
OH=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1; export OH
ORACLE_UNQNAME=TESTDB; export ORACLE_UNQNAME
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=TESTDB.compute-gbsinsooft908.oraclecloud.internal; export ORACLE_HOSTNAME
PATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/OPatch; export PATH
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
EMKEY_LOCATION=/u02/app/oracle/oradata/admin/TESTDB/dbs; export EMKEY_LOCATION
ORACLE_SID=TESTDB; export ORACLE_SID
TFA_HOME=/var/opt/oracle/tfa; export TFA_HOME
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