Puppet Class(类)特性(十一)

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puppet类：
        为了通用目标或目的的组织在一起的一个或者多个资源;因此它是命名的代码块，在某个位置创建之后可在puppet全局使用.类似于其他编程语言中的类的功能，puppet的类可以继承，也可以包含子类。
        类的定义使用class name，模块下的init.pp文件定义和模块同名的类且唯一,可以为空或嵌套其他类.


puppet class(类)有两种：
1、有参数的类
2、无参数的类

puppet class(类)的特性:
1、class 类只有调用才会执行，调用称作：声明一个类
      使用include class_name
2、类的继承：
    class B_name inherits A_name   
3、子类的命名方式：
    父类::子类

示例:
修改node.pp文件，增加sh-web1主机匹配.
注释:sh-web1声明nginx类.

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node /sh-(proxy|web)\d+/ {   case $::hostname {     "sh-proxy2": {          include apache          user {"test1":             ensure => present,             }       }      "sh-web1": {             include nginx          }     } }

puppet代码nginx class.

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modules/nginx/manifests/init.pp文件(无参数的类定义). class nginx {   package {"nginx":     ensure=> present,   } }

puppet代码apche class.

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modules/apache/manifests/init.pp文件(有参数的类定义). class apache ($sta = "present") {   package {"httpd":     ensure=> $sta,   } }

sh-web1更新agent安装nginx报错如下:

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[iyunv@sh-web1 puppet]# puppet agent -t Notice: Ignoring --listen on onetime run Info: Retrieving pluginfacts Info: Retrieving plugin Info: Caching catalog for sh-web1.localdomain Info: Applying configuration version '1505454999' Error: Execution of '/usr/bin/yum -d 0 -e 0 -y list nginx' returned 1: Error: No matching Packages to list Error: /Stage[main]/Nginx/Package[nginx]/ensure: change from absent to present failed: Execution of '/usr/bin/yum -d 0 -e 0 -y list nginx' returned 1: Error: No matching Packages to list Notice: Finished catalog run in 6.93 seconds

原因:没有release源,更新安装eple-release源即可.

1	# yum install epel-release -y

更新安装nginx.

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[iyunv@sh-web1 puppet]# puppet agent -t Notice: Ignoring --listen on onetime run Info: Retrieving pluginfacts Info: Retrieving plugin Info: Caching catalog for sh-web1.localdomain Info: Applying configuration version '1505454999' Notice: /Stage[main]/Nginx/Package[nginx]/ensure: created Notice: Finished catalog run in 34.99 seconds

Class类的继承(inherits)
注意:子类的命名不支持特殊符号'.',支持下划线'_'

示例:
新建:modules\nginx\manifests\nginx.conf.pp

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class nginx::nginxconf inherits nginx {     file {"/etc/nginx/nginx.conf":         ensure=> file,         mode=> 0644,         source=> 'puppet:///modules/nginx/nginx.conf',     } }

注意:puppet:///modules/nginx/nginx.conf  #不需要写files目录，指定模块文件后puppet默认回去files目录下找对应的文件.

files目录存放puppet代码调用的源文件.
\modules\nginx\files\nginx.conf

修改主机声明的class:

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node /sh-(proxy|web)\d+/ {   case $::hostname {     "sh-proxy2": {          include apache          user {"test1":             ensure => present,             }       }      "sh-web1": {         include nginx::nginxconf }     } }

注释:声明nginx::nginxconf子类后,会继承父类nginx,安装nginx软件包，然后替换文件.

sh-web1主机更新puppet agent.

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[iyunv@sh-web1 nginx]# puppet agent -t Notice: Ignoring --listen on onetime run Info: Retrieving pluginfacts Info: Retrieving plugin Info: Caching catalog for sh-web1.localdomain Info: Applying configuration version '1505457148' Notice: /Stage[main]/Nginx::Nginxconf/File[/etc/nginx/nginx.conf]/ensure: defined content as '{md5}142cb8f11006c0d78607c66cb82ae83d' Notice: /Stage[main]/Nginx/Package[nginx]/ensure: created Notice: Finished catalog run in 8.69 seconds

查看更新内容:

1 2	[iyunv@sh-web1 nginx]# cat nginx.conf | grep 65535     worker_connections  65535;

类的嵌套:

模块下的init.pp文件类必须和模块名字相同且唯一,当然Class(类)中也支持嵌套声明其他类或者定义空类.
示例：以apache为例.

test\modules\apache\manifests

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cat init.pp class apache {     include install     include service }

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cat install.pp     class install {         package {"httpd":         ensure=> present,     } }

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cat service.pp     class service {         service {"httpd":         name=> "httpd",         ensure=> running,         enable=> true,         provider => init,         require=> Class["install"],#注意:此处要求启动服务的前提时要完成install类的操作，如果不定义可能会报下面的错.     } }

报错:

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[iyunv@sh-proxy2 puppet]# puppet agent -t Info: Retrieving pluginfacts Info: Retrieving plugin Info: Caching catalog for sh-proxy2.localdomain Info: Applying configuration version '1505714213' Error: /Service[httpd]: Could not evaluate: Could not find init script for 'httpd' Notice: /Stage[main]/Admin/Exec[selinux]/returns: executed successfully Notice: /Stage[main]/Install/Package[httpd]/ensure: created Notice: Finished catalog run in 2.75 seconds

添加完require正确的更新:

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[iyunv@sh-proxy2 puppet]# puppet agent -t Info: Retrieving pluginfacts Info: Retrieving plugin Info: Caching catalog for sh-proxy2.localdomain Info: Applying configuration version '1505714421' Notice: /Stage[main]/Admin/Exec[selinux]/returns: executed successfully Notice: /Stage[main]/Install/Package[httpd]/ensure: created Notice: /Stage[main]/Service/Service[httpd]/ensure: ensure changed 'stopped' to 'running' Info: /Service[httpd]: Unscheduling refresh on Service[httpd] Notice: Finished catalog run in 3.27 seconds [iyunv@sh-proxy2 puppet]# /etc/init.d/httpd status httpd (pid  88530) is running...