apache mod_proxy tomcat session单播复制

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测试环境：
os:centos6.3
代理服务器：apache2.4.9    apr1.4以上   192.168.30.150
tomcat应用1: apache-tomcat-7.0.57      192.168.30.149
tomcat应用2: apache-tomcat-7.0.57   192.168.30.148

安装配置：
1.代理服务器
(1) 编译安装apr
yum groupinstall "Developmenttools" -y
yum groupinstall "DevelopmentLibraries" -y
# tar xf apr-1.5.1.tar.gz
# cd apr-1.5.1
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr
# make && make install
(2) 编译安装apr-util
# tar xf apr-util-1.5.3.tar.gz
# cd apr-util-1.4.1
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util--with-apr=/usr/local/apr
# make && make install
安装pcre
tar xf pcre-8.35.tar.gz
cd pcre-8.35
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pcre
# make && make install
安装openssl
tar xf openssl-0.9.8zc.tar.gz
cd openssl-0.9.8zc
./config --prefix=/usr/local/openssl
make & make install
编译安装httpd-2.4.9
首先下载httpd-2.4.9到本地，而后执行如下命令进行编译安装过程：
# tar xf httpd-2.4.9.tar.bz2
# cd httpd-2.4.9
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache--sysconfdir=/etc/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl=/usr/local/openssl/--enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre=/usr/local/pcre/--with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util--enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event --enable-proxy --enable-proxy-http--enable-proxy-ajp --enable-proxy-balancer --enable-lbmethod-heartbeat --enable-heartbeat --enable-slotmem-shm   --enable-slotmem-plain --enable-watchdog  --enable-proxy-balancer  --enable-lbmethod-heartbeat--enable-heartbeat --enable-slotmem-shm
--enable-slotmem-plain --enable-watchdog
# make && make install
修改httpd的主配置文件，设置其Pid文件的路径
编辑/etc/httpd/httpd.conf，添加如下行即可：
PidFile "/var/run/httpd.pid"
4、提供SysV服务脚本/etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd，内容如下：

#!/bin/bash
#
# httpd        Startup script for the Apache HTTPServer
#
# chkconfig: - 85 15
# description: Apache is a World Wide Webserver.  It is used to serve \
#              HTML files and CGI.
# processname: httpd
# config: /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
# config: /etc/sysconfig/httpd
# pidfile: /var/run/httpd.pid

# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

if [ -f /etc/sysconfig/httpd ]; then
       . /etc/sysconfig/httpd
fi

# Start httpd in the C locale by default.
HTTPD_LANG=${HTTPD_LANG-"C"}

# This will prevent initlog from swallowingup a pass-phrase prompt if
# mod_ssl needs a pass-phrase from theuser.
INITLOG_ARGS=""

# Set HTTPD=/usr/sbin/httpd.worker in/etc/sysconfig/httpd to use a server
# with the thread-based "worker"MPM; BE WARNED that some modules may not
# work correctly with a thread-based MPM;notably PHP will refuse to start.

# Path to the apachectl script, serverbinary, and short-form for messages.
apachectl=/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl
httpd=${HTTPD-/usr/local/apache/bin/httpd}
prog=httpd
pidfile=${PIDFILE-/var/run/httpd.pid}
lockfile=${LOCKFILE-/var/lock/subsys/httpd}
RETVAL=0

start() {
       echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
       LANG=$HTTPD_LANG daemon --pidfile=${pidfile} $httpd $OPTIONS
       RETVAL=$?
       echo
       [ $RETVAL = 0 ] && touch ${lockfile}
       return $RETVAL
}

stop() {
         echo-n $"Stopping $prog: "
         killproc-p ${pidfile} -d 10 $httpd
         RETVAL=$?
         echo
         [$RETVAL = 0 ] && rm -f ${lockfile} ${pidfile}
}
reload() {
   echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
   if ! LANG=$HTTPD_LANG $httpd $OPTIONS -t >&/dev/null; then
       RETVAL=$?
       echo $"not reloading due to configuration syntax error"
       failure $"not reloading $httpd due to configuration syntaxerror"
   else
       killproc -p ${pidfile} $httpd -HUP
       RETVAL=$?
   fi
   echo
}

# See how we were called.
case "$1" in
start)
         start
         ;;
stop)
         stop
         ;;
status)
       status -p ${pidfile} $httpd
         RETVAL=$?
         ;;
restart)
         stop
         start
         ;;
condrestart)
         if[ -f ${pidfile} ] ; then
                   stop
                   start
         fi
         ;;
reload)
       reload
         ;;
graceful|help|configtest|fullstatus)
         $apachectl$@
         RETVAL=$?
         ;;
  *)
         echo$"Usage: $prog{start|stop|restart|condrestart|reload|status|fullstatus|graceful|help|configtest}"
         exit1
esac

exit $RETVAL

而后为此脚本赋予执行权限：
# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd

加入服务列表：
# chkconfig --add httpd
开启模块：（取消注释）
LoadModule slotmem_shm_modulemodules/mod_slotmem_shm.so
LoadModule slotmem_plain_modulemodules/mod_slotmem_plain.so

要使用mod_proxy与Tomcat实例连接，需要apache已经装载mod_proxy、mod_proxy_http、mod_proxy_ajp和proxy_balancer_module（实现Tomcat集群时用到）等模块：

# /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -DDUMP_MODULES | grep  proxy
proxy_module (shared)
proxy_connect_module (shared)
proxy_ftp_module (shared)
proxy_http_module (shared)
proxy_fcgi_module (shared)
proxy_scgi_module (shared)
proxy_ajp_module (shared)
proxy_balancer_module (shared)
proxy_express_module (shared)

基于mod_proxy实现负载均衡

在httpd.conf的全局配置中配置如下内容：
ProxyVia On
ProxyRequests Off
<proxy balancer://lbcluster1>
BalancerMember ajp://192.168.30.149:8009loadfactor=10 route=TomcatA
BalancerMember ajp://192.168.30.148:8009loadfactor=10 route=TomcatB
</proxy>
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerAdmin admin@wtoip.com
ServerName test.wtoip.com
ProxyPass / balancer://lbcluster1/stickysession=jsessionid
ProxyPassReverse / balancer://lbcluster1/
</VirtualHost>
后端tomcat的安装与配置

jdk安装与配置：

mkdir -p /usr/local/jvm
tar zxvf jdk-7u71-linux-x64.tar.gz -C/usr/local/jvm/
vim /etc/profile.d/java.sh
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jvm/jdk1.7.0_71
export JRE_HOME=${JAVA_HOME}/jre
exportCLASSPATH=.:${JAVA_HOME}/lib:${JRE_HOME}/lib
export PATH=${JAVA_HOME}/bin:$PATH
source /etc/profile
java –version
安装tomcat
tar zxvf apache-tomcat-7.0.57.tar.gz  -C /usr/local/
cd /usr/local/
ln -sv apache-tomcat-7.0.57/ tomcat
vi/etc/profile.d/tomcat.sh
export CATALINA_HOME=/usr/local/tomcat
export PATH=$PATH:$CATALINA_HOME/bin
source /etc/profile
catalina.sh start
检查开启状态：
netstat -tnlp
                            8080        
                            8009
tomcat init 脚本
         #!/bin/bash
         #chkconfig2345
         JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk
         CATALINA_HOME=/usr/local/tomcat
         exportJAVA_HOME CATALINA_HOME  
         exec$CATALINA_HOME/bin/catalina.sh $*

测试应用：tomcata
<%@ page language="java" %>
<html>
<head><title>TomcatA</title></head>
<body>
   <h1><font color="red">TomcatA</font></h1>
   <table border="1">
     <tr>
       <td>Session ID</td>
   <% session.setAttribute("abc","abc"); %>
       <td><%= session.getId() %></td>
     </tr>
     <tr>
       <td>Created on</td>
       <td><%= session.getCreationTime() %></td>
    </tr>
   </table>
</body>
</html>
演示效果，在TomcatB上某context中（如/test），提供如下页面
<%@ page language="java" %>
<html>
<head><title>TomcatB</title></head>
<body>
   <h1><font color="blue">TomcatB</font></h1>
   <table border="1">
     <tr>
       <td>Session ID</td>
   <% session.setAttribute("abc","abc"); %>
       <td><%= session.getId() %></td>
     </tr>
     <tr>
       <td>Created on</td>
       <td><%= session.getCreationTime() %></td>
    </tr>
   </table>
</body>
</html>


Tomcat基于内存复制的集群(单播)

<Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster">
       <ChannelclassName="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.GroupChannel">
           <ReceiverclassName="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.NioReceiver"
                  address="192.168.5.149"
                  port="4000"
                 selectorTimeout="100"
                  maxThreads="6"/>
           <InterceptorclassName="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpFailureDetector"/>
           <Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.StaticMembershipInterceptor">
                <MemberclassName="org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.StaticMember"
                      port="4001"
                      securePort="-1"
                      host="192.168.5.199"
                     domain="staging-cluster"
                     uniqueId="{0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}"/>
           </Interceptor>
       </Channel>
       <DeployerclassName="org.apache.catalina.ha.deploy.FarmWarDeployer"
           tempDir="/usr/share/tomcat6/tempdir/"
           deployDir="/usr/share/tomcat6/webapps/"
           watchDir="/usr/share/tomcat6/watchdir/"
           watchEnabled="true"/>
   </Cluster>
以上内容定义在Engine容器中，则表示对所有主机均启动用集群功能。如果定义在某Host中，则表示仅对此主机启用集群功能。
此外，所有启用集群功能的web应用程序，其web.xml中都须添加<distributable/>才能实现集群功能。如果某web应用程序没有自己的web.xml，也可以通过复制默认的web.xml至其WEB-INF目录中实现。(<distributable/>加到web-app中)