Puppet cron资源介绍(二十七)

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cron资源
        主要用来管理操作系统的定时任务(即crontab),之前文章也写过一个cron模块举例，计划任务并非都要使用cron资源,linux下只要将一个文件放置/var/spool/cron目录下其实crontab就会执行,之前的文章也是这样写的.

cron资源属性:

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cron { 'resource title':   name        => # (namevar) The symbolic name of the cron job.  This name is   ensure      => # The basic property that the resource should be...   command     => # The command to execute in the cron job.  The...   environment => # Any environment settings associated with this...   hour        => # The hour at which to run the cron job. Optional;   minute      => # The minute at which to run the cron job...   month       => # The month of the year.  Optional; if specified...   monthday    => # The day of the month on which to run the...   provider    => # The specific backend to use for this `cron...   special     => # A special value such as 'reboot' or 'annually'...   target      => # The name of the crontab file in which the cron...   user        => # The user who owns the cron job.  This user must...   weekday     => # The weekday on which to run the command...   # ...plus any applicable metaparameters. }

参数注释:
command：crontab要执行的命令,由于环境变量的问题，建议调用命令时使用绝对路径,或指定cron资源的environment属性.

ensure:指定该资源是否启用,可设置present值表示启用，设置absent值表示关闭.

environment:在crontab环境里指定环境变量,如PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin.也可以通过:导入更多环境变量.

hour:运行crontab的小时，可设置成0-23，单位是小时.

minute:运行crontab的分钟,可设置为0-59，单位是分钟.

month：设置crontab运行的月份,可设置成1-12，单位是月.

monthday:一个月中的哪一天，可设置成1-31，单位是日.

weekday:运行crontab的星期数,可设置为0-7，单位是天.

name:crontab的注释,注释用于帮助管理员区分不同的crontab.

provider:默认是系统自带的crontab程序,通常不需要指定此参数值，puppet会默认匹配系统自带的定时管理任务程序.

user:将crontab加入某一个系统账号中，默认是加入执行守护进程的系统账户中.


示例一:
定义crontab计划任务同步ntpdate服务器时间.

定义ntpdate类，做计划任务.

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class cron::ntpdate {     cron {"ntpdate":         ensure => present,         command => '/usr/sbin/ntpdate 1.cn.pool.ntp.org',         user => 'root',         minute => '*/5',     } }

node节点中添加此计划任务.

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node /sh-(proxy|web)\d+/  inherits base {     case $::hostname {         /sh-proxy\d+/: {              include nginx           }          "sh-web1": {             include haproxy             include cron::ntpdate             }         } }

客户端同步ntpdate.

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[iyunv@sh-web1 haproxy]# puppet agent -t Notice: Ignoring --listen on onetime run Info: Retrieving pluginfacts Info: Retrieving plugin Info: Loading facts Info: Caching catalog for sh-web1.localdomain Info: Applying configuration version '1508433121' Notice: /Stage[main]/Admin/Exec[selinux]/returns: executed successfully Notice: /Stage[main]/Cron::Ntpdate/Cron[ntpdate]/ensure: created Notice: Finished catalog run in 0.43 seconds

查看计划任务.

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[iyunv@sh-web1 haproxy]# crontab -l # HEADER: This file was autogenerated at Fri Oct 20 01:12:02 +0800 2017 by puppet. # HEADER: While it can still be managed manually, it is definitely not recommended. # HEADER: Note particularly that the comments starting with 'Puppet Name' should # HEADER: not be deleted, as doing so could cause duplicate cron jobs. # Puppet Name: ntpdate */5 * * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate 1.cn.pool.ntp.org

示例二:

做一个ping计划任务，每天的2,4点执行ping,注意使用"[]".

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node /sh-(proxy|web)\d+/  inherits base {     case $::hostname {         /sh-proxy\d+/: {              include nginx           }          "sh-web1": {             include haproxy             include cron::ntpdate             include cron::ping         }     } }

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class cron::ping {     cron {"ping":         command => 'ping -c1 www.baidu.com 2>&1 >> /dev/null',         user    => 'root',         hour    => [2, 4],     } }

客户端执行:

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[iyunv@sh-web1 haproxy]# puppet agent -t Notice: Ignoring --listen on onetime run Info: Retrieving pluginfacts Info: Retrieving plugin Info: Loading facts Info: Caching catalog for sh-web1.localdomain Info: Applying configuration version '1508433611' Notice: /Stage[main]/Admin/Exec[selinux]/returns: executed successfully Notice: /Stage[main]/Cron::Ping/Cron[ping]/ensure: created Notice: Finished catalog run in 0.42 seconds

crontab计划任务查看:

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[iyunv@sh-web1 haproxy]# crontab -l # HEADER: This file was autogenerated at Thu Oct 19 17:19:52 +0800 2017 by puppet. # HEADER: While it can still be managed manually, it is definitely not recommended. # HEADER: Note particularly that the comments starting with 'Puppet Name' should # HEADER: not be deleted, as doing so could cause duplicate cron jobs. # Puppet Name: ntpdate */5 * * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate 1.cn.pool.ntp.org # Puppet Name: ping * 2,4 * * * ping -c1 www.baidu.com 2>&1 >> /dev/null

示例三:
执行ping计划任务，每天2-4之间，每隔10分钟执行一次.

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class cron::ping {     cron {"ping":         command => 'ping -c1 www.baidu.com 2>&1 >> /dev/null',         user    => 'root',         hour    => ['2-4'],         minute  => '*/10',     } }

客户端更新:

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[iyunv@sh-web1 haproxy]# puppet agent -t Notice: Ignoring --listen on onetime run Info: Retrieving pluginfacts Info: Retrieving plugin Info: Loading facts Info: Caching catalog for sh-web1.localdomain Info: Applying configuration version '1508433856' Notice: /Stage[main]/Admin/Exec[selinux]/returns: executed successfully Notice: /Stage[main]/Cron::Ping/Cron[ping]/minute: defined 'minute' as '*/10' Notice: /Stage[main]/Cron::Ping/Cron[ping]/hour: hour changed '2,4' to '2-4' Notice: Finished catalog run in 0.36 seconds

计划任务查看.

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[iyunv@sh-web1 haproxy]# crontab -l # HEADER: This file was autogenerated at Thu Oct 19 17:23:56 +0800 2017 by puppet. # HEADER: While it can still be managed manually, it is definitely not recommended. # HEADER: Note particularly that the comments starting with 'Puppet Name' should # HEADER: not be deleted, as doing so could cause duplicate cron jobs. # Puppet Name: ntpdate */5 * * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate 1.cn.pool.ntp.org # Puppet Name: ping */10 2-4 * * * ping -c1 www.baidu.com 2>&1 >> /dev/null