netbackup之oracle的备份恢复

23dq1

[url=]1.1.1 挂载裸[/url]LUN  1、 挂载裸LUN，mount到/nbubakcup。
  [url=]1.1.2 确认安装环境[/url]  1、确认磁盘空间
  在AIX/Linux环境中，/usr/openv目录下需要3GB以上的剩余空间。
  2、解析相关服务器主机名与备份通信的ip地址
  我们需要在/etc/hosts文件中添加本机及Master Server的主机名及IP地址。
  3、确认Media Server已经正确识别磁带驱动器及磁带库
  运行lsdev –Cc tape命令查看Media Server已经正确识别磁带库与磁带驱动器。
  包括老带库及新带库。
  [url=]1.1.3 安装NetBackup Media Server for AIX[/url] (Linux)  将NetBackup安装介质中标签为DVD3的DVD放入的P570A的光驱，
  n 安装Media Server程序
  运行install程序安装Media Server，过程如下：（红色为修改注意项）
  # cd /
  # /mnt/cdrom/install
  Symantec Installation Script
  Copyright 1993 - 2007 Symantec Corporation, All Rights Reserved.
  Installing NetBackup Server Software
  NOTE: To install only NetBackup Client software locally on this machine
  or to load additional UNIX client software on this server, insert
  the NetBackup UNIX Clients cdrom.
  Do you wish to continue? [y,n] (y)
  The NetBackup and Media Manager software is built for use on RS6000 hardware.
  Do you want to install NetBackup and Media Manager files? [y,n] (y)
  NetBackup and Media Manager are normally installed in /usr/openv.
  Is it OK to install in /usr/openv? [y,n] (y)
  Reading NetBackup files from /mnt/cdrom/rs6000/anb
  x usr/openv/NB-Java.tar.Z, 95360520 bytes, 186252 media blocks.
  x usr/openv/db/bin
  。。。。。。
  Done executing NB.inst.
  If you ran NB.inst instead of /install, you must
  run /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/install_bp to initiate NetBackup.
  Running /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/install_bp -p /mnt/cdrom
  Copying AIX5 Client Binaries
  x openv
  x openv/lib
  。。。。。。
  Installing NB-Java.
  + /bin/cp ./nbj.conf /usr/openv/java
  updating /etc/inittab ...
  The following temporary file can be deleted after you verify the proper
  modification of /etc/inittab:
  /tmp/SYMCnbclt-inittab.823642.i
  An automatic startup script, /etc/rc.client.netbackup has been installed.
  This will cause NetBackup client daemons to be automatically
  restarted each time the server boots.
  Starting nbftclnt...
  LiveUpdate is not installed, skipping registration step...
  A NetBackup Server or Enterprise Server license key is needed
  for installation to continue.
  Enter license key: XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX (LICENSE序列号)
  Evaluation NetBackup Enterprise Server with Jul 25, 2008 expiration date will
  Is this OK? [y,n] (y)
  XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX:
  Evaluation NetBackup Enterprise Server Base product with the followin
  PureDisk Remote Office
  PureDisk Option
  SAN Client
  PureDisk MS Exchange Agent
  PureDisk MS SQL Server Agent
  Flexible Disk Option
  OpenStorage Disk Option
  NAS SnapVault Option
  Virtual Tape Option
  Bare Metal Restore
  Encryption
  Open File Backup
  Remote Client Support
  Robotic Library Sharing Support
  Remote Media Server Support
  Microsoft RSM Robotic Libraries
  ADIC DAS/SDLC Robotic Libraries
  IBM ATL Robotic Libraries
  Fujitsu LMF Robotic Libraries
  StorageTek ACS Robotic Libraries
  Snapshot Client
  MS SharePoint Agent
  Inline Tape Copy
  Vault
  GDM Managed Server
  Library Based Tape Drives
  Additional Drives/Robotics
  DataStore
  Encryption (Legacy DES 56-bit)
  Encryption (Legacy DES 40-bit)
  SAP extension
  SQL-Backtrack extension
  Sybase extension
  Informix extension
  Oracle extension
  Lotus Notes extension
  DB2 extension
  MS SQL Server extension
  MS Exchange extension
  Advanced Reporting Option
  Shared Storage Option
  Global Data Manager
  NDMP
  EMC
  Additional clients
  has been registered.
  All additional keys should be added at this time.
  Do you want to add additional license keys now? [y,n] (y) n
  Use /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/admincmd/get_license_key
  to add, delete or list license keys at a later time.
  Installing NetBackup Enterprise Server version: 6.5
  If this machine will be using a different network interface than the
  default (sop-p), the name of the preferred interface should be used
  as the configured server name. If this machine will be part of a
  cluster, the virtual name should be used as the configured server name.
  Would you like to use "SOP-P" as the configured
  name of the NetBackup server? [y,n] (N) 输入ssadb (本机)
  Is sop the master server? [y,n] (y) n
  What is the fully qualified name of the master server? Nbuserver1 (主服务器prd-nbu7)
  Checking /etc/services for the needed NetBackup and Media Manager services.
  Copying original /etc/services file to /etc/services.NBU_062508.15:52:50
  Editing /etc/services to update NetBackup and Media Manager services.
  /etc/services will be updated to add the following entries for
  NetBackup/Media Manager.
  bpjobd 13723/tcp bpjobd
  NB_dbsrv 13785/tcp NB_dbsrv
  vmd 13701/tcp vmd
  acsd 13702/tcp acsd
  tl8cd 13705/tcp tl8cd
  tldcd 13711/tcp tldcd
  odld 13706/tcp odld
  tl4d 13713/tcp tl4d
  tshd 13715/tcp tshd
  tlmd 13716/tcp tlmd
  tlhcd 13717/tcp tlhcd
  rsmd 13719/tcp rsmd
  /etc/services has been updated to contain NetBackup and Media
  Manager services.
  WARNING: ypwhich: the domainname hasn't been set on this machine.
  WARNING: ypcat: the domainname hasn't been set on this machine.
  Found the necessary NetBackup services in /etc/services.
  Checking for a bpcd entry in /etc/inetd.conf: Adding bpcd entry.
  Original /etc/inetd.conf saved as /etc/inetd.conf.NBU_062508.15:47:11.
  Checking for a vnetd entry in /etc/inetd.conf: Adding vnetd entry.
  Checking for a vopied entry in /etc/inetd.conf: Adding vopied entry.
  Checking for a bpjava-msvc entry in /etc/inetd.conf: Adding bpjava-msvc entr
  Sending SIGHUP to inetd process.
  To make NetBackup start up automatically when the system is restarted,
  the netbackup script found in /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/goodies has been copie
  to /etc/rc.netbackup.aix. You must modify /etc/inittab to include it.
  Enter the Enterprise Media Manager server (default: mastserver):
  DBMS Server 9.0.2 is being installed
  x bin
  x bin/dbbackup, 251994 bytes, 493 tape blocks
  Starting the NetBackup Event Manager.
  Starting the NetBackup compatibility daemon.
  Starting the Media Manager device daemon processes.
  Starting the NetBackup Remote Monitoring Management System.
  Starting the NetBackup Service Layer.
  Starting the NetBackup Service Monitor.
  File /usr/openv/tmp/install_trace.1507568 contains a trace of this install.
  That file can be deleted after you are sure the install was successful.
  [url=]1.1.4 M[/url]aster服务器添加介质服务器  找到主机服务器，点击它。
  
  选择“服务器”-“介质服务器”，天际介质服务器主机名（例如：ssadb）。
  
  在“主机属性”-“介质服务器”查看是否刚才添加介质服务器。
  
  [url=]1.1.5 Master[/url]服务器添加介质服务器存储单元  在“存储”-“存储单元”。
  
  新建存储单元；输入名称，介质服务器选择ssadb，目录的绝对路径名输入ssadb上裸lun路径（例如：/nbubackup66）。如下图。
  
  [url=]第二章 安装Client[/url]端程序  2.1、前期准备
  将客户端软件直接上传至AIX/Linux主机的/tmp目录,使用gzip -d和tar -xvf命令解压缩后进行安装;
  2.2、安装步骤
  Linux、Solaris和Aix上的安装步骤类似，进入对应系统的目录。   

root# ./install             Symantec Installation Script             Copyright 1993 - 2012 Symantec Corporation, All Rights Reserved.             Installing NetBackup Client Software             Please review the SYMANTEC SOFTWARE LICENSE AGREEMENT located on             the installation media before proceeding. The agreement includes             details on the NetBackup Product Improvement Program.             Do you wish to continue? [y,n] (y) y             Do you want to install the NetBackup client software for this client? [y,n] (y) y             This package will install Solaris/Solaris10 client.             This package will install NetBackup client 7.5.             Enter the name of the NetBackup server : prd-nbu7             Would you like to use "sacnsun02102" as the configured             name of the NetBackup client? [y,n] (y) y

验证查看是否生成了/usr/openv/netbackup目录             # ls -l /usr/openv/netbackup

   [url=]第三章 配置Oracle[/url]备份  在NBU7.5客户端里已经包含了oracle客户端，接下来就是配置了。
  3.1、建立连接   

[iyunv@localhost ~]# su - oracle             [oracle@localhost ~]$ cd /usr/openv/netbackup/bin             [oracle@localhost bin]$ ./oracle_link             2012年 08月 25日 星期六 09:43:28 CST             All Oracle instances should be shutdown before running this script.             Please log into the Unix system as the Oracle owner for running this script             Do you want to continue? (y/n) [n] y             LIBOBK path: /usr/openv/netbackup/bin             ORACLE_HOME: /orcl/oracle             Oracle version: 10.2.0.1.0             Platform type: i686             Linking LIBOBK:             ln -s /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/libobk.so /orcl/oracle/lib/libobk.so             Done             Please check the trace file located in /tmp/make_trace.4459             to make sure the linking process was successful.

   3.2、创建备份脚本   

[iyunv@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /usr/openv/netbackup/script             [iyunv@localhost ~]# cd /usr/openv/netbackup/ext/db_ext/oracle/samples/rman             [iyunv@localhost rman]# ls             cold_database_backup.sh database_restore.sh hot_tablespace_backup.sh             cold_duplex_database_backup_full.sh hot_database_backup.sh pit_database_restore.sh             [iyunv@localhost rman]# cp hot_database_backup.sh /usr/openv/netbackup/script/             [iyunv@localhost rman]# cd /usr/openv/netbackup/script/             [iyunv@localhost script]# ls             hot_database_backup.sh             [iyunv@localhost script]# mv hot_database_backup.sh rman.sh             [iyunv@localhost script]# chmod o+x rman.sh 一定要授权执行权限,否则NBU调用不了             [iyunv@localhost script]# vi rman.sh

Oracle热备份脚本举例如下：             #!/bin/sh             # $Header: hot_database_backup.sh,v 1.2 2002/08/06 23:51:42 $             #             #bcpyrght             #***************************************************************************             #* $VRTScprght: Copyright 1993 - 2008 Symantec Corporation, All Rights Reserved $ *             #***************************************************************************             #ecpyrght             #             # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------             # hot_database_backup.sh             # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------             # This script uses Recovery Manager to take a hot (inconsistent) database             # backup. A hot backup is inconsistent because portions of the database are             # being modified and written to the disk while the backup is progressing.             # You must run your database in ARCHIVELOG mode to make hot backups. It is             # assumed that this script will be executed by user root. In order for RMAN             # to work properly we switch user (su -) to the oracle dba account before             # execution. If this script runs under a user account that has Oracle dba             # privilege, it will be executed using this user's account.             # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------             # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------             # Determine the user which is executing this script.             # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------             CUSER=`id |cut -d"(" -f2 | cut -d ")" -f1`             # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------             # Put output in [td].out. Change as desired.             # Note: output directory requires write permission.             # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------             RMAN_LOG_FILE=${0}.out             # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------             # You may want to delete the output file so that backup information does             # not accumulate. If not, delete the following lines.             # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------             if [ -f "$RMAN_LOG_FILE" ]             then             rm -f "$RMAN_LOG_FILE"             fi             # -----------------------------------------------------------------             # Initialize the log file.             # -----------------------------------------------------------------             echo >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE             chmod 666 $RMAN_LOG_FILE             # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------             # Log the start of this script.             # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------             echo Script $0 >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE             echo ==== started on `date` ==== >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE             echo >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE             # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------             # Replace /db/oracle/product/ora81, below, with the Oracle home path.             # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------             ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/             export ORACLE_HOME             Oracle HOME目录，可通过env命令查出             # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------             # Replace ora81, below, with the Oracle SID of the target database.             # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------             ORACLE_SID=orcl             export ORACLE_SID             Oracle实例名             # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------             # Replace ora81, below, with the Oracle DBA user id (account).             # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------             ORACLE_USER=oracle             Oracle系统账户             # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------             # Set the target connect string.             # Replace "sys/manager", below, with the target connect string.             # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------             TARGET_CONNECT_STR=sys/Qweasd123             Sys用户及其密码             # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------             # Set the Oracle Recovery Manager name.             # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------             RMAN=$ORACLE_HOME/bin/rman             # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------             # Print out the value of the variables set by this script.             # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------             #中间代码不用更改，此处略             CMD_STR="             ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_HOME             export ORACLE_HOME             ORACLE_SID=$ORACLE_SID             export ORACLE_SID             $RMAN target $TARGET_CONNECT_STR nocatalog msglog $RMAN_LOG_FILE append << EOF             RUN {             ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch00 TYPE 'SBT_TAPE';             ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch01 TYPE 'SBT_TAPE';             echo send 'NB_ORA_POLICY=your_policy, NB_ORA_SERV=your_serverí';             发送备份信息给相对应的备份策略，当每一台Oracle只有一个NBU备份策略时，次句可以不写             BACKUP             $BACKUP_TYPE             SKIP INACCESSIBLE             TAG hot_db_bk_level0             FILESPERSET 5             # recommended format             FORMAT 'bk_%s_%p_%t'             DATABASE;             sql 'alter system archive log current';             RELEASE CHANNEL ch00;             RELEASE CHANNEL ch01;             # backup all archive logs             ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch00 TYPE 'SBT_TAPE';             ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch01 TYPE 'SBT_TAPE';             echo send 'NB_ORA_POLICY=your_policy, NB_ORA_SERV=your_serverí';             发送备份信息给相对应的备份策略，当每一台Oracle只有一个NBU备份策略时，次句可以不写             BACKUP             filesperset 20             FORMAT 'al_%s_%p_%t'             ARCHIVELOG ALL;             RELEASE CHANNEL ch00;             RELEASE CHANNEL ch01;             ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch00 TYPE 'SBT_TAPE';             DELETE NOPROMPT ARCHIVELOG ALL COMPLETED BEFORE 'SYSDATE-7';             RELEASE CHANNEL ch00;             原脚本备份后直接删除归档日志，可以如上编写，删除7天前的归档日志             #             # Note: During the process of backing up the database, RMAN also backs up the             # control file. This version of the control file does not contain the             # information about the current backup because "nocatalog" has been specified.             # To include the information about the current backup, the control file should             # be backed up as the last step of the RMAN section. This step would not be             # necessary if we were using a recovery catalog.             #             ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch00 TYPE 'SBT_TAPE';             BACKUP             # recommended format             FORMAT 'cntrl_%s_%p_%t'             CURRENT CONTROLFILE;             RELEASE CHANNEL ch00;             }             EOF             "             # Initiate the command string             if [ "$CUSER" = "root" ]             then             su - $ORACLE_USER -c "$CMD_STR" >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE             RSTAT=$?             else             /usr/bin/sh -c "$CMD_STR" >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE             RSTAT=$?             fi             # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------             # Log the completion of this script.             # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------             if [ "$RSTAT" = "0" ]             then             LOGMSG="ended successfully"             else             LOGMSG="ended in error"             fi             echo >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE             echo Script $0 >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE             echo ==== $LOGMSG on `date` ==== >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE             echo >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE             exit $RSTAT

   [url=]第四章 创建备份策略[/url]    4.1 选择策略类型和存储位置
  
  4.2 创建备份策略
  
  Frequency: 备份周期 Retention: 保留周期
   策略时间表，默认的Default-Application-Backup不要随意更改，一般只更改保留周期。
  4.3 选择备份客户端
  
  4.4 选择备份脚本
  
  4.5 执行备份策略
  [url=]第五章 本机[/url]数据文件恢复    5.1 删除数据文件
  [iyunv@orcl ～]# cd /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl
  [iyunv@orcl orcl]# rm -rf *.dbf
  [iyunv@orcl orcl]#
  5.2 恢复数据文件
  [oracle@orcl oradata]$ rman target /
  RMAN> shutdown abort;
  RMAN> startup mount;
  connected to target database (not started)
  Oracle instance started
  database mounted
  Total System Global Area 839282688 bytes
  Fixed Size 2217992 bytes
  Variable Size 528484344 bytes
  Database Buffers 301989888 bytes
  Redo Buffers 6590464 bytes
  RMAN> run{
  2> allocate channel ch00 type 'sbt_tape';（如果是数据量大，可以加多一个通道，通道数量最多不能超过备份时的通道数）
  3> send 'NB_ORA_CLIENT=oracle-test';
  4> send 'NB_ORA_SERV=master';
  5> restore database;
  6> recover database;
  7> release channel ch00;
  8> }
  5.3 验证恢复效果
  RMAN> alter database open; (如果是异机的话需要加resetlogs)
  database opened
  [iyunv@orcl ～]# cd /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl
  [iyunv@orcl orcl]# ll
  -rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 9748480 8月 24 17:20 control01.ctl
  -rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 104865792 8月 24 17:19 example01.dbf
  -rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 8月 24 17:19 redo01.log
  -rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 8月 24 17:19 redo02.log
  -rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 8月 24 17:20 redo03.log
  -rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 566239232 8月 24 17:19 sysaux01.dbf
  -rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 723525632 8月 24 17:19 system01.dbf
  -rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 20979712 8月 24 17:19 temp01.dbf
  -rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 5251072 8月 24 17:19 users01.dbf
  可以看到删除的数据文件都已经恢复
  第六章 本机控制、数据文件恢复  6.1 系统数据文件恢复
  在删除了所有数据文件的情况下，需要先单独恢复系统的数据文件。
  run {
   allocate channel ch00 type 'sbt_tape';
   send 'NB_ORA_CLIENT=szdbtest';
   send 'NB_ORA_SERV=prd-nbu7';
   restore datafile 1;
   recover datafile 1;
   release channel ch00;
   sql 'alter database open';
   }
  run {
   allocate channel ch00 type 'sbt_tape';
   send 'NB_ORA_CLIENT=szdbtest';
   send 'NB_ORA_SERV=prd-nbu7';
   restore datafile 2;
   recover datafile 2;
   release channel ch00;
   sql 'alter database open';
   }
  6.2全库恢复
  再执行全库恢复即可。
  run {
   allocate channel ch00 type 'sbt_tape';
   send 'NB_ORA_CLIENT=szdbtest';
   send 'NB_ORA_SERV=prd-nbu7';
   restore database;
   recover database;
   release channel ch00;
   sql 'alter database open';
   }
  [url=]第七章 卸载NetBackup[/url]客户端软件                       Use the following procedure to remove all NetBackup client software components
          from a UNIX client.
          To remove NetBackup software from a UNIX client
          1、 Log in to the client system as the root user.
          2、Stop the NetBackup daemons by entering the following command:
          /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/bp.kill_all
          3、Identify any installed add-on products by using the following command:
          AIX lslpp -L
          HP-UX swlist
          Linux rpm -qa
          Solaris pkginfo
          Remove each identified add-on product.
          ………………
          11、For all clients, navigate to the /usr/openv directory and proceed as follows:
          Warning: The rm -f /usr/openv command also removes any add-on products
          that are installed on this computer.
          ■ If /usr/openv is the actual directory, run the following command:
          rm -rf /usr/openv
          ■ If /usr/openv is a symbolic link to that directory, run the following
          commands:
          cd /usr/openv
          pwd
          ls
          Warning: Before you continue, make sure that you are at the correct
          location and verify that the subdirectories are what you expect them to
          be. To help prevent removing the wrong directories, the previous
          commands verify your current location and list the files in that directory.
          After you verify the directory location and its contents, remove the
          directory with the next commands.
          rm -rf *
          cd /
          rm -f /usr/openv
          12、For Linux systems only:
          If you modified the startup and the shutdown scripts, run the following
          command:
          /sbin/chkconfig --del netbackup
          13 Remove the following startup scripts:
          AIX
          /etc/rc.netbackup.aix
          Linux Red Hat
          /etc/rc.d/init.d/netbackup
          /etc/rc.d/rc0.d/K01netbackup
          /etc/rc.d/rc1.d/K01netbackup
          /etc/rc.d/rc2.d/S77netbackup
          /etc/rc.d/rc3.d/S77netbackup
          /etc/rc.d/rc5.d/S77netbackup
          /etc/rc.d/rc6.d/K01netbackup
          Other clients
          /etc/init.d/netbackup
          /etc/rc0.d/K01netbackup
          /etc/rc1.d/K01netbackup
          /etc/rc2.d/S77netbackup