RedHat系统yum配置

chj0771

RedHat系统yum配置

1        安装配置
1.1       获取安装包
    进入http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/，找到下面三个包（视版本号而定）并下载。
    yum-3.2.29-40.el6.centos.noarch.rpm
    yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm
    yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-14.el6.noarch.rpm
1.2       卸载原系统yum。
#           rpm –qa |grep yum | xargs rpm –e
//rpm –qa命令列出所有已安装的rpm包，grep yum则从中查找出yum相关的包，xargs rpm –e则以查出的yum包为对象进行卸载。xargs将参数列表传递给其他命令（该处为rpm –e命令）。
1.3       安装yum。
#           rpm –ivh yum-3.2.29-40.el6.centos.noarch.rpm –nodeps
#           rpm –ivh yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm nodeps
#           rpm –ivh yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-14.el6.noarch.rpm –nodeps
//-ivh是列出详细安装进度，--nodeps是忽略依赖关系。
1.4       配置源repository。
在/etc/yum.repos.d目录下新建CentOS-Base.repo文件，并参考附件1CentOS-Base.repo完成配置。

2        遇到的问题
问题1：有些库文件本来是安装了的，可能路径不对，所以安装时会报错。例如下面三个库在/lib64下是存在的，但由于默认的/usr/lib64下没有，所以报错了。
[root@localhost lib]# ldconfig
ldconfig: /usr/lib64/librpmbuild.so.1 is not asymbolic link
ldconfig: /usr/lib64/librpm.so.1 is not a symboliclink
ldconfig: /usr/lib64/librpmio.so.1 is not asymbolic link
[root@localhost lib]# ln -sf/lib64/librpmbuild.so.1 /root/usr/lib64/librpmbuild.so.1
ln: creating symbolic link`/root/usr/lib64/librpmbuild.so.1': No such file or directory
路径打错了，/root/usr/lib64应为/usr/lib64
[root@localhost usr]# ln -sf/lib64/librpmbuild.so.1 /usr/lib64/librpmbuild.so.1
[root@localhost usr]# ldconfig
ldconfig: /usr/lib64/librpm.so.1 is not a symboliclink

ldconfig: /usr/lib64/librpmio.so.1 is not asymbolic link

[root@localhost usr]# ln -sf /lib64/librpm.so.1/usr/lib64/librpm.so.1         
[root@localhost usr]# ln -sf /lib64/librpmio.so.1/usr/lib64/librpmio.so.1
[root@localhost usr]# ldconfig

问题2：yum配置文件语法错误
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, product-id,subscription-manager
Updating certificate-based repositories.
Repository 'centosplus': Error parsing config:Error parsing "gpgcheck= '1 enabled=0'": invalid boolean value
Determining fastest mirrors
http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/%24releasever/addons/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml:[Errno 14] PYCURL ERROR 22 - "The requested URL returned error: 404"
Trying other mirror.
Error: Cannot retrieve repository metadata(repomd.xml) for repository: addons. Please verify its path and try again

问题3：ImportError: No module named cElementTree
python少模块。把该模块给安装上就ok。
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum install rstatd
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, product-id,subscription-manager
Updating certificate-based repositories.
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
base                                                    | 3.7 kB     00:00
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File"/usr/bin/yum", line 29, in <module>
   yummain.user_main(sys.argv[1:], exit_code=True)
  File"/usr/share/yum-cli/yummain.py", line 285, in user_main
    errcode =main(args)
  File"/usr/share/yum-cli/yummain.py", line 136, in main
    result,resultmsgs = base.doCommands()
  File"/usr/share/yum-cli/cli.py", line 434, in doCommands
   self._getTs(needTsRemove)
  File"/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/yum/depsolve.py", line 99, in_getTs
   self._getTsInfo(remove_only)
  File"/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/yum/depsolve.py", line 110, in_getTsInfo
    pkgSack =self.pkgSack
  File"/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/yum/__init__.py", line 887, in<lambda>
    pkgSack =property(fget=lambda self: self._getSacks(),
  File"/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/yum/__init__.py", line 669, in_getSacks
   self.repos.populateSack(which=repos)
  File"/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/yum/repos.py", line 308, inpopulateSack
   sack.populate(repo, mdtype, callback, cacheonly)
  File"/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/yum/yumRepo.py", line 165, inpopulate
    ifself._check_db_version(repo, mydbtype):
  File"/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/yum/yumRepo.py", line 223, in_check_db_version
    returnrepo._check_db_version(mdtype)
  File"/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/yum/yumRepo.py", line 1256, in_check_db_version
    repoXML =self.repoXML
  File"/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/yum/yumRepo.py", line 1455, in<lambda>
    repoXML =property(fget=lambda self: self._getRepoXML(),
  File"/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/yum/yumRepo.py", line 1447, in _getRepoXML
   self._loadRepoXML(text=self)
  File"/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/yum/yumRepo.py", line 1437, in_loadRepoXML
    returnself._groupLoadRepoXML(text, self._mdpolicy2mdtypes())
  File"/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/yum/yumRepo.py", line 1412, in_groupLoadRepoXML
    ifself._commonLoadRepoXML(text):
  File"/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/yum/yumRepo.py", line 1230, in_commonLoadRepoXML
    result =self._getFileRepoXML(local, text)
  File"/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/yum/yumRepo.py", line 1008, in_getFileRepoXML
   size=102400) # setting max size as 100K
  File"/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/yum/yumRepo.py", line 830, in_getFile
    size=size
  File"/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/urlgrabber/mirror.py", line 408, inurlgrab
    returnself._mirror_try(func, url, kw)
  File"/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/urlgrabber/mirror.py", line 394, in_mirror_try
    returnfunc_ref( *(fullurl,), **kwargs )
  File"/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/urlgrabber/grabber.py", line 985,in urlgrab
    returnself._retry(opts, retryfunc, url, filename)
  File"/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/urlgrabber/grabber.py", line 886,in _retry
    r =apply(func, (opts,) + args, {})
  File"/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/urlgrabber/grabber.py", line 980,in retryfunc
   apply(cb_func, (obj, )+cb_args, cb_kwargs)
  File"/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/yum/yumRepo.py", line 1494, in_checkRepoXML
    repoXML =repoMDObject.RepoMD(self.id, filepath)
  File"/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/yum/repoMDObject.py", line 124, in__init__
   self.parse(srcfile)
  File"/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/yum/repoMDObject.py", line 140, inparse
    parser =iterparse(infile)
  File"/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/yum/misc.py", line 1141, incElementTree_iterparse
   _cElementTree_import()
  File"/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/yum/misc.py", line 1136, in_cElementTree_import
    importcElementTree
ImportError: No module named cElementTree

附件1.CentOS-Base.repo文件详解
# CentOS-Base.repo
# # This file uses a new mirrorlist systemdeveloped by Lance Davis for CentOS.
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP addressof the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors thatare updated to and
# geographically close to the client. You shoulduse this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as afall back you can try the
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
[base]                                                 --标识符
name=CentOS-6 – Base                                        --名称无所谓
baseurl=http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/6/os/x86_64/   
--源地址，根据需要更新。原来是http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/$releasesever/os/$basearch/，其实$releasesever和$basearch是系统变量，根据实际源的目录改成常量也可以。
gpgcheck=1                                               --GPG签名验证，1为开启，0为关闭
gpgkey=http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6   --GPG验证的url，与实际源相对应
#released updates
[updates]
name=CentOS-6 - Updates
baseurl=http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/6/updates/x86_64/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
#packages used/produced in the build but notreleased
#[addons]                                                  --CentOS-6中没有该目录，所以注释了
#name=CentOS-6 - Addons
#baseurl=http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/6/addons/x86_64/
#gpgcheck=1
#gpgkey=http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-6 - Extras
baseurl=http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/6/extras/x86_64/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
#additional packages that extend functionality ofexisting packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-6 - Plus
baseurl=http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/6/centosplus/x86_64/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6