Redhat9.0系统中安装与设置Mysql5.2.0数据库

苏童

在Redhat9.0系统中安装与设置Mysql5.2.0数据库　　1.获得数据库安装文件,这里使用的是5.2.0版，安装文件名为
　　mysql-5.2.0-falcon-alpha-linux-i686-glibc23.tar.gz
　　2.将下载的压缩包解压到你用来放置应用程序的文件夹下(要注意文件夹名称不要包含 空格 或 & 号)。
　　我这里解压的目录为/home/user/mysql-5.2.0
　　3.安装步骤就是下面附上的
　　***********************************************************************
　　The basic commands that you must execute to install and use a MySQL
　　binary distribution are:
　　shell> cd /usr/local
　　shell> ln -s 安装的目录 mysql
　　shell> cd mysql
　　shell> scripts/mysql_install_db --user=user //指定用户为user用户
　　Note：If you would like to use `mysqlaccess' and have the MySQL
　　distribution in some non-standard location, you must change the
　　location where `mysqlaccess' expects to find the `mysql' client.
　　Edit the `bin/mysqlaccess' script at approximately line 18. Search
　　for a line that looks like this:
　　$MYSQL     = '/usr/local/bin/mysql';    # path to mysql executable
　　Change the path to reflect the location where `mysql' actually is
　　stored on your system. If you do not do this, a `Broken pipe' error
　　will occur when you run `mysqlaccess'.
　　************************************************************************
　　4.将配置文件放到/etc目录
　　#cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
　　5.设置客户端和服务器的编码方式
　　修改客户端编码方式为UTF8
　　sudo vi /etc/my.cnf
　　添加
　　********************************
　　* [client]                     *
　　* default-character-set=utf8   *
　　********************************
　　修改数据库编码方式为UTF8
　　sudo vi /etc/my.cnf
　　添加
　　********************************
　　* [mysqld]                     *
　　* default-character-set=utf8   *
　　********************************
　　************************************************************************
　　# Example MySQL config file for medium systems.
　　#
　　# This is for a system with little memory (32M - 64M) where MySQL plays
　　# an important part, or systems up to 128M where MySQL is used together with
　　# other programs (such as a web server)
　　#
　　# You can copy this file to
　　# /etc/my.cnf to set global options,
　　# mysql-data-dir/my.cnf to set server-specific options (in this
　　# installation this directory is /usr/local/mysql/data) or
　　# ~/.my.cnf to set user-specific options.
　　#
　　# In this file, you can use all long options that a program supports.
　　# If you want to know which options a program supports, run the program
　　# with the "--help" option.
　　# The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients

[client]

　　#password             = your_password
　　port                  = 3306
　　socket                = /tmp/mysql.sock
　　default-character-set = utf8
　　# Here follows entries for some specific programs
　　# The MySQL server

[mysqld]

　　port            = 3306
　　socket          = /tmp/mysql.sock
　　skip-locking
　　key_buffer = 16M
　　max_allowed_packet = 1M
　　table_cache = 64
　　sort_buffer_size = 512K
　　net_buffer_length = 8K
　　read_buffer_size = 256K
　　read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K
　　myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M
　　default-character-set = utf8
　　# Don't listen on a TCP/IP port at all. This can be a security enhancement,
　　# if all processes that need to connect to mysqld run on the same host.
　　# All interaction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets or named pipes.
　　# Note that using this option without enabling named pipes on Windows
　　# (via the "enable-named-pipe" option) will render mysqld useless!
　　#
　　#skip-networking
　　# Replication Master Server (default)
　　# binary logging is required for replication
　　log-bin=mysql-bin

　　# required unique>　　# defaults to 1 if master-host is not set
　　# but will not function as a master if omitted
　　server-id       = 1
　　# Replication Slave (comment out master section to use this)
　　#
　　# To configure this host as a replication slave, you can choose between
　　# two methods :
　　#
　　# 1) Use the CHANGE MASTER TO command (fully described in our manual) -
　　#    the syntax is:
　　#
　　#    CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=<host>, MASTER_PORT=<port>,
　　#    MASTER_USER=<user>, MASTER_PASSWORD=<password> ;
　　#
　　#    where you replace <host>, <user>, <password> by quoted strings and
　　#    <port> by the master's port number (3306 by default).
　　#
　　#    Example:
　　#
　　#    CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='125.564.12.1', MASTER_PORT=3306,
　　#    MASTER_USER='joe', MASTER_PASSWORD='secret';
　　#
　　# OR
　　#
　　# 2) Set the variables below. However, in case you choose this method, then
　　#    start replication for the first time (even unsuccessfully, for example
　　#    if you mistyped the password in master-password and the slave fails to
　　#    connect), the slave will create a master.info file, and any later
　　#    change in this file to the variables' values below will be ignored and
　　#    overridden by the content of the master.info file, unless you shutdown
　　#    the slave server, delete master.info and restart the slaver server.
　　#    For that reason, you may want to leave the lines below untouched
　　#    (commented) and instead use CHANGE MASTER TO (see above)
　　#

　　# required unique>　　# (and different from the master)
　　# defaults to 2 if master-host is set
　　# but will not function as a slave if omitted
　　#server-id       = 2
　　#
　　# The replication master for this slave - required
　　#master-host     =   <hostname>
　　#
　　# The username the slave will use for authentication when connecting
　　# to the master - required
　　#master-user     =   <username>
　　#
　　# The password the slave will authenticate with when connecting to
　　# the master - required
　　#master-password =   <password>
　　#
　　# The port the master is listening on.
　　# optional - defaults to 3306
　　#master-port     =  <port>
　　#
　　# binary logging - not required for slaves, but recommended
　　#log-bin=mysql-bin
　　# Point the following paths to different dedicated disks
　　#tmpdir         = /tmp/
　　#log-update     = /path-to-dedicated-directory/hostname
　　# Uncomment the following if you are using BDB tables
　　#bdb_cache_size = 4M
　　#bdb_max_lock = 10000
　　# Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables
　　#innodb_data_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data/
　　#innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend
　　#innodb_log_group_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data/
　　#innodb_log_arch_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data/
　　# You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 - 80 %
　　# of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too high
　　#innodb_buffer_pool_size = 16M
　　#innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 2M

　　# Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool>　　#innodb_log_file_size = 5M
　　#innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M
　　#innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
　　#innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50

[mysqldump]

　　quick
　　max_allowed_packet = 16M

[mysql]

　　no-auto-rehash
　　# Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL
　　#safe-updates

[isamchk]

　　key_buffer = 20M
　　sort_buffer_size = 20M
　　read_buffer = 2M
　　write_buffer = 2M

[myisamchk]

　　key_buffer = 20M
　　sort_buffer_size = 20M
　　read_buffer = 2M
　　write_buffer = 2M

[mysqlhotcopy]

　　interactive-timeout
　　********************************************************************
　　6.设置PATH变量，将/usr/local/mysql/bin加入到PATH中
　　7.启动服务器，修改root密码
　　启动服务器
　　mysqld_safe --user=user &
　　修改root密码
　　./bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
　　./bin/mysqladmin -u root -h localhost.localdomain password 'new-password'
　　8.登入数据库，查看数据库状态
　　登入数据库
　　mysql -u root -p
　　查看状态
　　mysql> status;
　　--------------
　　mysql  Ver 14.13 Distrib 5.2.0-falcon-alpha, for pc-linux-gnu (i686) using readline 5.0

　　Connection>　　Current database:
　　Current user:           root@localhost
　　SSL:                    Not in use
　　Current pager:          stdout
　　Using outfile:          ''
　　Using delimiter:        ;
　　Server version:         5.2.0-falcon-alpha-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
　　Protocol version:       10
　　Connection:             Localhost via UNIX socket
　　Server characterset:    utf8
　　Db     characterset:    utf8
　　Client characterset:    utf8
　　Conn.  characterset:    utf8
　　UNIX socket:            /tmp/mysql.sock
　　Uptime:                 22 sec
　　Threads: 1  Questions: 4  Slow queries: 0  Opens: 14  Flush tables: 1  Open tables: 7  Queries per second avg: %
　　--------------
　　其中 characterset 全为utf8 ，OK 安装完毕
　　注意：
　　如果通过终端登入数据库，显示为乱码---(解决方案)---设置终端的编码方式为UTF8
　　设置方式：

[终端(T)]-->[字符编码(C)]-->[Unicode (UTF-8)]