第一章 MySql的安装 1.1

meikkiie

　　第一章 MySql的安装
　　前言：没有MySql，MySqlDBA也无从入手，工欲善其事，必先利其器！
　　1、查看系统

　　uname -a　　Linux tech80192 2.6.26-1-686 #1 SMP Sat Jan 10 18:29:31 UTC 2009 i686 GNU/Linux
　　file /sbin/init
　　/sbin/init: ELF 32-bit LSB executable, Intel 80386, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked (uses shared libs), for GNU/Linux 2.6.8, stripped
　　足以证明，此机器为32位系统！
　　2、最简单安装
　　sudo apt-get install mysql-server
　　helloword:~# sudo apt-get install mysql-server
　　Reading package lists... Done
　　........中间省略
　　Fetched 46.4MB in 27s (1660kB/s)
　　Preconfiguring packages ...
　　安装过程会让你输入root密码
　　登陆命令：
　　mysql -h127.0.0.1 -uroot -phello
　　-h：表示host
　　-u：表示用于
　　-p：表示密码
　　3、源码安装
　　到官方网站：http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/#downloads
　　如图所示：本实例下载了最后一个

　　下载源码包
　　wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.1/mysql-5.1.50.tar.gz/from/http://gd.tuwien.ac.at/db/mysql/
　　默认保存为：mysql-5.1.50.tar.gz
　　下载完毕，tar -zxvf mysql-5.1.50.tar.gz命令解压到当前目录
　　cd tar -zxvf mysql-5.1.50
　　创建mysql组，建立mysql用户并加入到mysql组中
　　groupadd mysql
　　useradd -g mysql mysql
　　mysql安装
　　tar -zxvf mysql-5.1.50.tar.gz
　　tech80192:/home/download# cd mysql-5.1.50
　　tech80192:/home/download/mysql-5.1.50#
　　tech80192:/home/download/mysql-5.1.50# ./configure --prefix=/home/mysql
　　........中间省略
　　遇到第一个错误：
　　/bin/rm: cannot remove `libtoolT': No such file or directory
　　config.status: executing default commands
　　tech80192:/home/download/mysql-5.1.50# ./libtool --version
　　ltmain.sh (GNU libtool) 2.2.6
　　Written by Gordon Matzigkeit , 1996
　　Copyright (C) 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
　　This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
　　warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
　　网上搜索 一些，
　　官方解决办法：http://bugs.mysql.com/bug.php?id=47411
　　需要安装几个包
　　之后执行
　　# autoreconf --force --install
　　# libtoolize --automake --force
　　# automake --force --add-missing
　　再执行
　　# ./configure --prefix=/home/mysql
　　执 行完发现，还是报同样的错误
　　网上也找到一些答案http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin /bugreport.cgi?bug=523750
　　还好有一招狠的：
　　将configure 中的 文件更改：
　　$RM "$cfgfile"
　　改为：
　　$RM -f "$cfgfile"
　　最见效，至于为什么，好好去想想 吧,O(∩_∩)O~
　　ok，我们继续吧：
　　./configure --prefix=/home/mysql
　　make
　　make install
　　终于安装成功啦！
　　启 动mysql
　　tech80192:/home/mysql# /home/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
　　[1] 31212
　　tech80192:/home/mysql# 100826 20:46:10 mysqld_safe Logging to '/var/lib/mysql/tech80192.err'.
　　100826 20:46:10 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql
　　100826 20:46:10 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid ended
　　又报错，查看：
　　cat /var/lib/mysql/tech80192.err
　　100826 20:46:10 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql
　　100826 20:46:10 [ERROR] Error message file '/usr/share/mysql/english/errmsg.sys' had only 475 error messages,
　　but it should contain at least 641 error messages.
　　Check that the above file is the right version for this program!
　　/home/mysql/libexec/mysqld: Unknown error 1146
　　100826 20:46:10 [ERROR] Can't open the mysql.plugin table. Please run mysql_upgrade to create it.
　　100826 20:46:10 [ERROR] /home/mysql/libexec/mysqld: unknown option '--skip-bdb'
　　100826 20:46:10 [ERROR] Aborting
　　100826 20:46:10 [Note]
　　100826 20:46:10 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid ended
　　发现两个错误：
　　1、/usr/share/mysql/english/errmsg.sys
　　找 到：/home/mysql/share/mysql/english/errmsg.sys
　　做个软连接吧，
　　ln -s /home/mysql/share/mysql/english/errmsg.sys /usr/share/mysql/english/errmsg.sys
　　2、unknown option '--skip-bdb'
　　找到：
　　# Using BerkeleyDB is now discouraged as its support will cease in 5.1.12.
　　#skip-bdb
　　注释掉
　　再启动试试，又报错
　　100826 20:52:43 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql
　　/home/mysql/libexec/mysqld: Table 'mysql.plugin' doesn't exist
　　100826 20:52:43 [ERROR] Can't open the mysql.plugin table. Please run mysql_upgrade to create it.
　　100826 20:52:43 [ERROR] Can't start server : Bind on unix socket: Permission denied
　　100826 20:52:43 [ERROR] Do you already have another mysqld server running on socket: /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock ?
　　100826 20:52:43 [ERROR] Aborting
　　100826 20:52:43 [Note] /home/mysql/libexec/mysqld: Shutdown complete
　　100826 20:52:43 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid ended
　　想起来了，，重要的东西没有初始化！
　　创 建mysql许可表：
　　/home/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
　　tech80192:/home/mysql# /home/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
　　Installing MySQL system tables...
　　100826 20:59:42 [Warning] /usr/sbin/mysqld: unknown option '--loose-skip-innodb'
　　100826 20:59:42 [Warning] /usr/sbin/mysqld: unknown option '--loose-skip-ndbcluster'
　　100826 20:59:42  InnoDB: Operating system error number 13 in a file operation.
　　InnoDB: The error means mysqld does not have the access rights to
　　InnoDB: the directory.
　　InnoDB: File name ./ibdata1
　　InnoDB: File operation call: 'open'.
　　InnoDB: Cannot continue operation.
　　Installation of system tables failed!  Examine the logs in
　　/var/lib/mysql for more information.
　　You can try to start the mysqld daemon with:
　　shell> /usr/sbin/mysqld --skip-grant &
　　and use the command line tool /usr/bin/mysql
　　to connect to the mysql database and look at the grant tables:
　　shell> /usr/bin/mysql -u root mysql
　　mysql> show tables
　　Try 'mysqld --help' if you have problems with paths.  Using --log
　　gives you a log in /var/lib/mysql that may be helpful.
　　Please consult the MySQL manual section
　　'Problems running mysql_install_db', and the manual section that
　　describes problems on your OS.  Another information source are the
　　MySQL email archives available at http://lists.mysql.com/.
　　Please check all of the above before mailing us!  And remember, if
　　you do mail us, you MUST use the /usr/scripts/mysqlbug script!
　　………未完待续。。。。。。。