apache＋tomcat 实现负载均衡集群

wsaer

　　环境介绍：

192.168.101.58

apache代理服务器

apache，apr，apr-util，tomcat－connector

192.168.101.62

tomcat-A服务器

tomcat，jdk

192.168.101.63

tomcat-B服务器

tomcat多实例，ajp_port：8019

192.168.101.63

tomcat-默认页面服务器

tomcat多实例，ajp_port：8029

　　

　　apache支持两种代理协议
　　1.http

　　2.ajp

　　

　　tomcat及jdk的安装略过。
　　编译安装apache的httpd
　　1、编译安装apr
[root@localhost src]# wget http://apache.fayea.com/apr/apr-1.5.2.tar.gz
[root@localhost src]# tar -zxf apr-1.5.2.tar.gz
[root@localhost src]# cd apr-1.5.2
[root@localhost src]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr
[root@localhost src]# make && make install　　2、编译安装apr-util
[root@localhost src]# wget http://apache.fayea.com/apr/apr-util-1.5.4.tar.gz
[root@localhost src]# tar -zxvf apr-util-1.5.4.tar.gz
[root@localhost src]# cd apr-util-1.5.4
[root@localhost src]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr/
[root@localhost src]# make && make install　　3、编译安装apache
　　3.1、安装
[root@localhost src]# wget
[root@localhost src]# tar -zxvf httpd-2.4.20.tar.gz
[root@localhost src]# cd httpd-2.4.20
[root@localhost src]#  ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/http --sysconfdir=/etc/httpd --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event --enable-proxy --enable-proxy-http --enable-proxu-ajp --enable-proxy-balancer --enable-lbmethod-heartbeat --enable-heartbeat  --enable-slotmem-shm --enable-slotmem-plain --enable-watchdog
[root@localhost src]# make && make install　　3.2、编写启动脚本
[root@localhost src]# vim /etc/init.d/httpd#!/bin/bash
#
# httpd        Startup script for the Apache HTTP Server
#
# chkconfig: - 85 15
# description: Apache is a World Wide Web server.  It is used to serve \
#       HTML files and CGI.
# processname: httpd
# config: /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
# config: /etc/sysconfig/httpd
# pidfile: /var/run/httpd.pid
# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
if [ -f /etc/sysconfig/httpd ]; then
        . /etc/sysconfig/httpd
fi
# Start httpd in the C locale by default.
HTTPD_LANG=${HTTPD_LANG-"C"}
# This will prevent initlog from swallowing up a pass-phrase prompt if
# mod_ssl needs a pass-phrase from the user.
INITLOG_ARGS=""
# Set HTTPD=/usr/sbin/httpd.worker in /etc/sysconfig/httpd to use a server
# with the thread-based "worker" MPM; BE WARNED that some modules may not
# work correctly with a thread-based MPM; notably PHP will refuse to start.
# Path to the apachectl script, server binary, and short-form for messages.
apachectl=/usr/local/http/bin/apachectl
httpd=${HTTPD-/usr/local/http/bin/httpd}
prog=httpd
pidfile=${PIDFILE-/var/run/httpd.pid}
lockfile=${LOCKFILE-/var/lock/subsys/httpd}
RETVAL=0
start() {
        echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
        LANG=$HTTPD_LANG daemon --pidfile=${pidfile} $httpd $OPTIONS
        RETVAL=$?
        echo
        [ $RETVAL = 0 ] && touch ${lockfile}
        return $RETVAL
}
stop() {
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc -p ${pidfile} -d 10 $httpd
RETVAL=$?
echo
[ $RETVAL = 0 ] && rm -f ${lockfile} ${pidfile}
}
reload() {
    echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
    if ! LANG=$HTTPD_LANG $httpd $OPTIONS -t >&/dev/null; then
        RETVAL=$?
        echo $"not reloading due to configuration syntax error"
        failure $"not reloading $httpd due to configuration syntax error"
    else
        killproc -p ${pidfile} $httpd -HUP
        RETVAL=$?
    fi
    echo
}
# See how we were called.
case "$1" in
  start)
start
;;
  stop)
stop
;;
  status)
        status -p ${pidfile} $httpd
RETVAL=$?
;;
  restart)
stop
start
;;
  condrestart)
if [ -f ${pidfile} ] ; then
stop
start
fi
;;
  reload)
        reload
;;
  graceful|help|configtest|fullstatus)
$apachectl $@
RETVAL=$?
;;
  *)
echo $"Usage: $prog {start|stop|restart|condrestart|reload|status|fullstatus|graceful|help|configtest}"
exit 1
esac
exit $RETVAL　　3.3、启动脚本赋予权限
[root@localhost src]# chmod +x /etc/init/d/httpd
[root@localhost src]# chkconfig --add httpd　　3.4、启动apache（故障排查）
　　3.4.1、查看httpd进程

[root@localhost src]# service httpd start
[root@localhost src]# ps -ef |grep httpd
root     14445 14189  0 15:21 pts/0    00:00:00 grep httpd　　3.4.2、查看端口状态

[root@localhost src]# netstat -tlnp |grep 80
tcp        0      0 :::80            :::*          LISTEN      14300/httpd[root@localhost src]#　　3.4.3、查看错误日志

[root@localhost src]# cat /usr/local/http/logs/error_log
[Mon Jul 18 11:49:53.889462 2016] [proxy_balancer:emerg] [pid 14087:tid 140187546703616] AH01177: Failed to lookup provider 'shm' for 'slotmem': is mod_slotmem_shm loaded??
[Mon Jul 18 11:49:53.889750 2016] [:emerg] [pid 14087:tid 140187546703616] AH00020: Configuration Failed, exiting
[Mon Jul 18 11:50:01.041040 2016] [proxy_balancer:emerg] [pid 14127:tid 140379317155584] AH01177: Failed to lookup provider 'shm' for 'slotmem': is mod_slotmem_shm loaded??
[Mon Jul 18 11:50:01.041275 2016] [:emerg] [pid 14127:tid 140379317155584] AH00020: Configuration Failed, exiting
[Mon Jul 18 11:50:02.193534 2016] [proxy_balancer:emerg] [pid 14139:tid 140297643288320] AH01177: Failed to lookup provider 'shm' for 'slotmem': is mod_slotmem_shm loaded??　　好像是slotmem模块没有加载，编辑httpd配置文件启用slotmem模块
[root@localhost src]# vim /etc/httpd/httpd.conf
LoadModule slotmem_shm_module modules/mod_slotmem_shm.so
LoadModule slotmem_plain_module modules/mod_slotmem_plain.so　　

　　3.4.4、重新启动测试
[root@localhost src]# service httpd start
[root@localhost src]# ps -ef |grep httpd
root     14300     1  0 12:52 ?        00:00:00 /usr/local/http/bin/httpd
daemon   14302 14300  0 12:52 ?        00:00:01 /usr/local/http/bin/httpd
daemon   14303 14300  0 12:52 ?        00:00:01 /usr/local/http/bin/httpd
daemon   14304 14300  0 12:52 ?        00:00:01 /usr/local/http/bin/httpd
root     14443 14428  0 15:17 pts/1    00:00:00 vim /etc/init.d/httpd
root     14451 14189  0 15:28 pts/0    00:00:00 grep httpd
[root@localhost src]# netstat -tlnp |grep 80
tcp        0      0 :::80          :::*            LISTEN      14300/httpd　　

　　4、编译apache的jk模块
[root@localhost src]# wget
[root@localhost src]# tar -zxvf tomcat-connectors-1.2.41-src.tar.gz
[root@localhost src]# cd tomcat-connectors-1.2.41-src/native/
[root@localhost native]# ./configure --with-apxs=/usr/local/http/bin/apxs
[root@localhost native]# make && make install　　

　　5、配置（在httpd.conf中virtual host中添加jk的配置文件）
[root@localhost native]# vim /etc/httpd/httpd.conf
include /etc/httpd/extra/httpd-jk.conf　　5.1编辑httpd-jk.conf
[root@localhost native]# vim /etc/httpd/extra/httpd-jk.conf
LoadModule jk_module modules/mod_jk.so
JkWorkersFile /etc/httpd/extra/workers.properties
JkLogFile logs/mod_jk.log
JkLogLevel error
JkMount /* controller　　说明：
　　LoadModule：表示装载模块

　　JkWorkersFile：定义workers属性的配置文件

　　JkLogFile：       定义work日志的路径

　　JkMount：        将/下的所有请求都交给controller集群处理，controller必须要在workers.properties中定义，否则报错
　　5.2、编辑workers.properties配置文件，增加如下内容
worker.list＝controller                ＃定义控制器
#========tomcat1========
worker.tomcat1.port=8009               ＃tomcat的ajp端口
worker.tomcat1.host=192.168.101.62     ＃tomcat的ip
worker.tomcat1.type=ajp13              ＃ajp协议版本，目前1.3
worker.tomcat1.lbfactor=1              ＃权重
#========tomcat2========
worker.tomcat2.port=8019
worker.tomcat2.host=192.168.101.63
worker.tomcat2.type=ajp13
worker.tomcat2.lbfactor=1
#========tomcat3========
worker.tomcat3.port=8029
worker.tomcat3.host=192.168.101.63
worker.tomcat3.type=ajp13
worker.tomcat3.lbfactor=1
#========controller负载平衡控制器========
worker.controller.type=lb                          #指定controller类型
worker.controller.balanced_workers=tomcat1,tomcat2,tomcat3 #指定负载平衡的tomcat
worker.controller.sticky_session=true              #指定是否粘性session
worker.controller.sticky_session_force=false
worker.connection_pool_size=3000
worker.connection_pool_minsize=50
worker.connection_pool_timeout=50000
# session配置说明:  
#当sticky_session,sticky_session_force都为true时不复制session,  
#sticky_session_force=false指集群中某台服务器多次请求没有响应,则转发到其它服务器处理,  
#sticky_session=false不使用粘性session,同时配置不复制session时,注意转发请求后可能会找不到原来的session.　　

　　到此，配置完成。下面访问http://192.168.101.58测试。
　　

　　

　　

　　本博客参照了：http://cuisuqiang.iteye.com/blog/2070526  帖子，望大神勿怪。