LNMP工作模式 工作平台为红帽6.6 64位
nginx的优点: 1、Nginx是一个小巧而高效的Linux下的Web服务器软件,是由 Igor Sysoev 为俄罗斯访问量第二的 Rambler.ru 站点开发的,已经在一些俄罗斯的大型网站上运行多年,相当的稳定 2、Nginx是解决C10K问题的服务器之一。不同于传统的服务器,Nginx的不依赖于线程处理请求。相反,它使用一个更可扩展的事件驱动(event-driven)(异步)架构 编译安装Nginx1、解决依赖关系 # yum groupinstall "DevelopmentTools" "Server Platform Deveopment" # yum install openssl-devel pcre-devel 2、安装 首先添加用户nginx,实现以之运行nginx服务进程: # groupadd -r -g 108 nginx # useradd -r -g 108 -u 108 nginx # date 时间同步 # ntpdate 172.16.0.1 # tar xf nginx-1.4.1.tar.gz 接着开始编译和安装: # cd nginx-1.4.1/ # ./configure \ --prefix=/usr \ --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx \ --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \ --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log \ --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log \ --pid-path=/var/run/nginx/nginx.pid \ --lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock \ --user=nginx \ --group=nginx \ --with-http_ssl_module \ --with-http_flv_module \ --with-http_stub_status_module \ --with-http_gzip_static_module \ --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/client/ \ --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/proxy/ \ --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/fcgi/ \ --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/uwsgi \ --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/scgi \ --with-pcre \ --with-file-aio # make && make install 3、为nginx提供SysV init脚本: 新建文件/etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx,内容如下: # vim /etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx #!/bin/sh # # nginx - this script starts and stops thenginx daemon # # chkconfig: - 85 15 # description: Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \ # proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server # processname: nginx # config: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf # config: /etc/sysconfig/nginx # pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid # Source function library. . /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions # Source networking configuration. . /etc/sysconfig/network # Check that networking is up. [ "$NETWORKING" = "no"] && exit 0 nginx="/usr/sbin/nginx" prog=$(basename $nginx) NGINX_CONF_FILE="/etc/nginx/nginx.conf" [ -f/etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx make_dirs() { #make required directories user=`nginx -V 2>&1 | grep "configure arguments:" | sed's/[^*]*--user=\([^ ]*\).*/\1/g' -` options=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep 'configure arguments:'` for opt in $options; do if [ `echo $opt | grep '.*-temp-path'` ]; then value=`echo $opt | cut -d "=" -f 2` if [ ! -d "$value" ]; then # echo "creating"$value mkdir -p $value && chown-R $user $value fi fi done } start() { [-x $nginx ] || exit 5 [-f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6 make_dirs echo -n $"Starting $prog: " daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE retval=$? echo [ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile return $retval } stop() { echo -n $"Stopping $prog: " killproc $prog -QUIT retval=$? echo [$retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile return $retval } restart() { configtest || return $? stop sleep 1 start } reload() { configtest || return $? echo -n $"Reloading $prog: " killproc $nginx -HUP RETVAL=$? echo } force_reload() { restart } configtest() { $nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE } rh_status() { status $prog } rh_status_q() { rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1 } case "$1" in start) rh_status_q && exit 0 $1 ;; stop) rh_status_q || exit 0 $1 ;; restart|configtest) $1 ;; reload) rh_status_q || exit 7 $1 ;; force-reload) force_reload ;; status) rh_status ;; condrestart|try-restart) rh_status_q || exit 0 ;; *) echo $"Usage: $0{start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}" exit 2 esac 而后为此脚本赋予执行权限: # chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx 添加至服务管理列表,并让其开机自动启动: # chkconfig --add nginx # chkconfig nginx on 而后就可以启动服务并测试了: # service nginx start 访问测试页 172.16.50.200
Mysql的准备准备数据存放的文件系统 1、新建一个逻辑卷,并将其挂载至特定目录即可。这里假设其逻辑卷的挂载目录为/mydata,而后需要创建/mydata/data目录做为mysql数据的存放目录。 # mkdir/mydata/data -pv 2、新建用户以安全方式运行进程: # groupadd -rmysql # useradd -g mysql-r -s /sbin/nologin -M -d /mydata/data mysql # chown -Rmysql:mysql /mydata/data 3、安装并初始化mysql-5.6.10 首先下载平台对应的mysql版本至本地,这里是64位平台,因此,选择的为mysql-5.6.10-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz # tar xf mysql-5.6.10-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz-C /usr/local # cd /usr/local/ # ln -sv mysql-5.6.10-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64mysql # cd mysql # chown -Rmysql:mysql . 初始化数据库 #scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/mydata/data # chown -Rroot . 为安全起见,需要将属主改为root 4、为mysql提供主配置文件: # cd/usr/local/mysql [iyunv@slavemysql]# vim my.cnf 需要添加如下行指定mysql数据文件的存放位置: datadir =/mydata/data innodb_file_per_table= on log-bin =master-bin socket =/tmp/mysql.sock 5、为mysql提供sysv服务脚本: # cd/usr/local/mysql # cpsupport-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld 添加至服务列表: # chkconfig --addmysqld # chkconfig mysqldon 而后就可以启动服务测试使用了。 为了使用mysql的安装符合系统使用规范,并将其开发组件导出给系统使用,这里还需要进行如下步骤: 6、输出mysql的man手册至man命令的查找路径: 编辑/etc/man.config,添加如下行即可: MANPATH /usr/local/mysql/man 7、输出mysql的头文件至系统头文件路径/usr/include: 这可以通过简单的创建链接实现: # ln -sv/usr/local/mysql/include /usr/include/mysql 8、输出mysql的库文件给系统库查找路径: # echo '/usr/local/mysql/lib'> /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf 而后让系统重新载入系统库: # ldconfig 9、修改PATH环境变量,让系统可以直接使用mysql的相关命令。 # vim /etc/profile.d/mysql.d ---添加内容如下 export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin # . /etc/profile.d/mysql.d 安装PHP安装一下安装包 libmcrypt-2.5.7-5.el5.i386.rpm libmcrypt-devel-2.5.7-5.el5.i386.rpm mhash-0.9.2-6.el5.i386.rpm mhash-devel-0.9.2-6.el5.i386.rpm # yum install libmcrypt-2.5.7-5.el5.i386.rpmlibmcrypt-devel-2.5.7-5.el5.i386.rpm mhash-0.9.2-6.el5.i386.rpmmhash-devel-0.9.2-6.el5.i386.rpm -y # yum install libxml2-devel libcurl-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel –y 编译安装PHP # tar xf php-5.4.4.tar.bz2 # cd php-5.4.4 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-openssl --enable-fpm --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config--enable-mbstring --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir--with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --enable-sockets --with-mcrypt --with-config-file-path=/etc--with-config-file-scan-dir=/etc/php.d --with-bz2 --enable-maintainer-zts --with-curl #make # make install 准备PHP的配置文件 # cd php-5.4.4 # cpphp.ini-production /etc/php.ini 为php-fpm提供Sysv init脚本,并将其添加至服务列表: # cd php-5.4.4 # cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm # cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm/etc/init.d/php-fpm # chmod +x/etc/init.d/php-fpm # chkconfig --add php-fpm # chkconfig php-fpm on 准备php_fpm的配置文件 # cp php.ini-production/etc/php.ini # cd/usr/local/php/etc/ # cpphp-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf # vimphp-fpm.conf 修改内容为: pm.max_children =150 pm.start_servers= 5 pm.min_spare_servers= 2 pm.max_spare_servers= 8 pid = /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid 启动php-fpm # service php-fpm start Starting php-fpm done 编辑nginx,启用定义的php页面的上下文 # vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf location ~ \.php$ { root /web/slave; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; } 并且添加默认页面 index index.php index.htmlindex.htm; 编辑fastcgi_params文件 # vim /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params fastcgi_param GATEWAY_INTERFACE CGI/1.1; 服务器接口 fastcgi_param SERVER_SOFTWARE nginx; 服务器 fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string; 查询字符串 fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method; 请求方法 fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type; 内容类型 fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length;内容长度 fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; 网页文件根目录 fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name;脚本名称 fastcgi_param REQUEST_URI $request_uri; 请求哪个URI fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_URI $document_uri;网页路径URI fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT $document_root; fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol;服务协议 fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr;客户端地址 fastcgi_param REMOTE_PORT $remote_port;客户端端口 fastcgi_param SERVER_ADDR $server_addr;服务器端地址 fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port;服务器端端口 fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name;服务器名称 重新启动nginx # service nginx restart # vim /web/htdocs/index.php 提供测试页面 <h1>test Page</h1> <?php phpinfo() ?>
添加加速器Xcache # tar xf xcache-3.0.1.tar.bz2 # cd xcache-3.0.1 # /usr/local/php/bin/phpize
# ./configure --enable-xcache--with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config # make && make install 安装完成,会显示图中所示路径
编辑php.ini,整合php和xcache: # mkdir/etc/php.d # cp xcache.ini/etc/php.d/ # vim/etc/php.d/xcache.ini 更改内容为 extension =/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-zts-20100525/xcache.so 重新启动php-fpm # service php-fpm restart SSL的加密连接 [iyunv@www CA]# (umask 077; openssl genrsa2048 > private/cakey.pem) [iyunv@www CA]# openssl req -new -x509 -keyprivate/cakey.pem -out cacert.pem [iyunv@www CA]# echo 01 > serial [iyunv@slave CA]# cat serial 01 序列号为01 [iyunv@www CA]# cd/etc/nginx/ssl/ [iyunv@www ssl]#ls [iyunv@www ssl]#(umask 077; openssl genrsa 2048 > nginx.key) [iyunv@www ssl]# openssl req -new -keynginx.key -out nginx.csr [iyunv@www ssl]# openssl ca -in nginx.csr-out nginx.crt -days 3665 配置文件定义 # vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf #HTTPS server # server { listen 443; server_name www.test.com;
ssl on; ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/ssl/nginx.crt; ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/ssl/nginx.key;
ssl_session_timeout 5m;
ssl_protocols SSLv2 SSLv3 TLSv1; ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5; ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; location ~ \.php$ { root /web/bbs; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; } location / { root /web/bbs; index index.php index.htmlindex.htm; } }
到此LNMP就完成了
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