使用ansible一键部署HAproxy+LNMP

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　　一、环境
　　二、概述
　　三、目录结构及角色
　　1.目录结构
　　2.site.yml
　　3.hosts
　　4.base
　　5.nginx
　　6.php
　　7.mysql
　　8.haproxy
　　9.vars
　　四、语法检查
　　五、执行
　　六、测试
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一、环境
1.操作系统版本
# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.2.1511 (Core)　　2.ansible版本
# ansible --version
ansible 2.6.1
config file = /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg
configured module search path = [u'/root/.ansible/plugins/modules', u'/usr/share/ansible/plugins/modules']
ansible python module location = /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/ansible
executable location = /usr/bin/ansible
python version = 2.7.5 (default, Nov 20 2015, 02:00:19) [GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-4)]

二、概述
HAproxy是一款卓越的提供高可用、负载均衡以及基于TCP和HTTP应用的代理软件，目前很多公司使用它做web集群和cache集群的负载均衡及代理；

LNMP是Linux+nginx+mysql+php的首字母简称，这种架构很容易实现跨主机的横向和纵向扩展，可快速组建一个庞大的web集群系统；
HAproxy代理和负载我们的nginx和php；
nginx和php提供web服务；
mysql提供数据存储服务。







三、目录结构及角色


1.目录结构


haproxy_lnmp
├── group_vars
│   ├── all
│   ├── haproxy
│   └── mysql
├── hosts
├── roles
│   ├── base
│   │   ├── tasks
│   │   │   └── main.yml
│   │   └── templates
│   │       ├── CentOS-Base.repo
│   │       └── epel.repo
│   ├── haproxy
│   │   ├── tasks
│   │   │   └── main.yml
│   │   └── templates
│   │       └── haproxy.cfg.j2
│   ├── mysql
│   │   ├── tasks
│   │   │   └── main.yml
│   │   └── templates
│   │       └── my.cnf.j2
│   ├── nginx
│   │   ├── tasks
│   │   │   └── main.yml
│   │   └── templates
│   │       ├── index.php.j2
│   │       └── nginx.conf.j2
│   └── php
│       └── tasks
│           └── main.yml
└── site.yml　　2.入口文件site.yml
---
- name: modify the yum
  gather_facts: no
  hosts: all
  remote_user: root
  roles:
    - base
- name: install the nginx
  hosts: nginx
  remote_user: root
  roles:
    - nginx
- name: install the mysql
  gather_facts: no
  hosts: mysql
  remote_user: root
  roles:
    - mysql
- name: install the php
  gather_facts: no
  hosts: php
  remote_user: root
  roles:
    - php
- name: install the haproxy
  gather_facts: no
  hosts: haproxy
  remote_user: root
  roles:
    - haproxy　　3.hosts列表
# cat hosts
[nginx]
192.168.228.3
192.168.228.4
[php]
192.168.228.3
192.168.228.4
[mysql]
192.168.228.4
[haproxy]
192.168.228.5　　4.base角色
　　4-1.main.yml
# cat roles/base/tasks/main.yml
---
- name: Copy the yum repo to the remote hosts
  template: src={{item}}  dest=/etc/yum.repos.d/{{item}}
  with_items:
      - CentOS-Base.repo
      - epel.repo　　4-2.yum源文件，可以使用163或清华大学等源
# ll roles/base/templates/
total 8
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1663 Jul 21 17:50 CentOS-Base.repo
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  970 Jul 21 17:50 epel.repo　　5.nginx角色
　　5-1.main.yml
# cat roles/nginx/tasks/main.yml
---
- name: Install Nginx Package
  yum: name=nginx state=present
- name: Copy Nginx.conf
  template: src=nginx.conf.j2 dest=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf owner=root group=root mode=0644 validate='nginx -t -c %s'  
- name: restart nginx
  service: name=nginx state=restarted
- name: Copy php file to nginx web root
  template: src=index.php.j2 dest=/usr/share/nginx/html/index.php　　5-2.nginx配置文件是同版本的配置文件
# ll  roles/nginx/templates/
total 8
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   34 Jul 21 19:21 index.php.j2
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2491 Jul 21 17:50 nginx.conf.j2　　5-3.网页文件，获取nginx主机的IP
# cat roles/nginx/templates/index.php.j2
{{ansible_default_ipv4.address}}　　6.php角色
# cat roles/php/tasks/main.yml
---
- name: install php
  yum: name={{item}} state=installed
  with_items:
    - php-fpm
    - php-mysql
- name: start php service
  service: name=php-fpm state=started　　7.mysql角色
　　7-1.main.yml
# cat roles/mysql/tasks/main.yml
---
- name: install mysql
  yum: name={{item}} state=installed
  with_items:
    - mariadb-server
    - MySQL-python
- name: start mariadb service
  service: name=mariadb state=started
- name: create database
  mysql_db: name={{database}} state=present
- name: create user
  mysql_user: name={{user}} password={{password}} priv={{database}}.*:ALL host='%' state=present　　7-2.mysql配置文件
# cat roles/mysql/templates/my.cnf.j2
[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
port={{ mysql_port }}
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mariadb/mysqld.pid　　8.haproxy角色
　　8-1.main.yml
# cat roles/haproxy/tasks/main.yml
- name: install haproxy
  yum: name=haproxy state=present
- name: configure the haproxy cnf file with hosts
  template: src=haproxy.cfg.j2 dest=/etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
- name: restart haproxy
  service: name=haproxy state=restarted enabled=yes　　8-2.haproxy配置文件
# cat roles/haproxy/templates/haproxy.cfg.j2
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# Example configuration for a possible web application.  See the
# full configuration options online.
#
#   http://haproxy.1wt.eu/download/1.4/doc/configuration.txt
#
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# Global settings
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
global
    # to have these messages end up in /var/log/haproxy.log you will
    # need to:
    #
    # 1) configure syslog to accept network log events.  This is done
    #    by adding the '-r' option to the SYSLOGD_OPTIONS in
    #    /etc/sysconfig/syslog
    #
    # 2) configure local2 events to go to the /var/log/haproxy.log
    #   file. A line like the following can be added to
    #   /etc/sysconfig/syslog
    #
    #    local2.*                       /var/log/haproxy.log
    #
    log         127.0.0.1 local2
    chroot      /var/lib/haproxy
    pidfile     /var/run/haproxy.pid
    maxconn     4000
    user        haproxy
    group       haproxy
    daemon
    # turn on stats unix socket
    stats socket /var/lib/haproxy/stats
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# common defaults that all the 'listen' and 'backend' sections will
# use if not designated in their block
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
defaults
    mode                    {{mode}}
    log                     global
    option                  httplog
    option                  dontlognull
    option http-server-close
    option forwardfor       except 127.0.0.0/8
    option                  redispatch
    retries                 3
    timeout http-request    10s
    timeout queue           1m
    timeout connect         10s
    timeout client          1m
    timeout server          1m
    timeout http-keep-alive 10s
    timeout check           10s
    maxconn                 3000
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# main frontend which proxys to the backends
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
frontend  main *:{{listenport}}
    acl url_static       path_beg       -i /static /images /javascript /stylesheets
    acl url_static       path_end       -i .jpg .gif .png .css .js
    use_backend static          if url_static
    default_backend             app
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# static backend for serving up images, stylesheets and such
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
backend static
    balance     roundrobin
    server      static 127.0.0.1:8080 check
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# round robin balancing between the various backends
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
backend app
    balance     roundrobin
    {% for host in groups['nginx'] %}
    server {{hostvars[host]['inventory_hostname']}} {{host}}:80}
    {% endfor %}　　9.vars
　　9-1.全局变量
# cat group_vars/all
---
ansible_ssh_pass: P@ssw0rd　　9-2.haprxoy变量
# cat group_vars/haproxy
---
mode: http
listenport: 80　　9-3.mysql变量
# cat group_vars/mysql
---
user: ansible
password: ansible
database: ansible

四、语法检查
只检查site.yml入口文件，不能检查各个角色下的main.yml
# ansible-playbook site.yml --syntax-check
playbook: site.yml

五、执行
# ansible-playbook -i hosts site.yml

六、测试
[root@localhost ~]# curl 192.168.228.3
192.168.228.3
[root@localhost ~]# curl 192.168.228.4
192.168.228.4
[root@localhost ~]# curl 192.168.228.5
192.168.228.3
[root@localhost ~]# curl 192.168.228.5
192.168.228.4

七、排错
在入口文件site.yml中的nginx角色没有使用gather_facts: no选项，是因为index.php中要获取主机的信息得到IP地址。