【Nagios】Linux监控软件安装与配置（二）

ftsr

　　一、安装扩展源
　　[root@www ~]# rpm -ivh http://mirrors.yun-idc.com/epel/6/i386/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
　　二、安装Nagios相关软件包
　　[root@www ~]# yum -y install httpd nagios nagios-plugins nagios-plugins-all nrpe nagios-plugins-nrpe
　　三、设置nagios后台登录用户名和密码
[root@www ~]# htpasswd -c /etc/nagios/passwd nagiosadmin  #这里指定用户名为nagiosadmin，而不是其他
New password:
Re-type new password:
Adding password for user nagiosadmin　　四、检查Nagios配置

[root@www ~]# nagios -v /etc/nagios/nagios.cfg
Nagios Core 3.5.1
Copyright (c) 2009-2011 Nagios Core Development Team and Community Contributors
Copyright (c) 1999-2009 Ethan Galstad
Last Modified: 08-30-2013
License: GPL
Website: http://www.nagios.org
Reading configuration data...
   Read main config file okay...
Processing object config file '/etc/nagios/objects/commands.cfg'...
Processing object config file '/etc/nagios/objects/contacts.cfg'...
Processing object config file '/etc/nagios/objects/timeperiods.cfg'...
Processing object config file '/etc/nagios/objects/templates.cfg'...
Processing object config file '/etc/nagios/objects/localhost.cfg'...
Processing object config directory '/etc/nagios/conf.d'...
   Read object config files okay...
Running pre-flight check on configuration data...
Checking services...
Checked 8 services.
Checking hosts...
Checked 1 hosts.
Checking host groups...
Checked 1 host groups.
Checking service groups...
Checked 0 service groups.
Checking contacts...
Checked 1 contacts.
Checking contact groups...
Checked 1 contact groups.
Checking service escalations...
Checked 0 service escalations.
Checking service dependencies...
Checked 0 service dependencies.
Checking host escalations...
Checked 0 host escalations.
Checking host dependencies...
Checked 0 host dependencies.
Checking commands...
Checked 24 commands.
Checking time periods...
Checked 5 time periods.
Checking for circular paths between hosts...
Checking for circular host and service dependencies...
Checking global event handlers...
Checking obsessive compulsive processor commands...
Checking misc settings...
Total Warnings: 0
Total Errors:   0
Things look okay - No serious problems were detected during the pre-flight check　　五、启动Nagios和http服务

[root@www ~]# /etc/init.d/httpd start
Starting httpd:                                            [  OK  ]
[root@www ~]# /etc/init.d/nagios start
Starting nagios: done.　　六、浏览器访问

　　

　　七、Nagios添加被监控客户端主机
　　1、安装Nagios服务

[root@sh ~]# rpm -ivh epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
[root@sh ~]# yum -y install nagios-plugins nagios-plugins-all nrpe nagios-plugins-nrpe　　2、修改/etc/nagios/nrpe.cfg文件
　　[root@sh ~]# vim /etc/nagios/nrpe.cfg
81 allowed_hosts=127.0.0.1,192.168.1.21 #添加nagios服务端IP
97 dont_blame_nrpe=1   #0改为1　　3、启动nrpe
[root@sh ~]# /etc/init.d/nrpe start
Starting nrpe:                                             [  OK  ]　　4、Nagios服务端添加被监控客户端主机
[root@www ~]# cd /etc/nagios/conf.d/
[root@www conf.d]# ls
[root@www conf.d]# vim 192.168.1.251.cfg
define host{
        use                     linux-server
        host_name           192.168.1.251
        alias                       1.251
        address                 192.168.1.251
        }
define service{
        use                     generic-service
        host_name               192.168.1.251
        service_description     check_ping
        check_command           check_ping!100.0,20%!200.0,50%
        max_check_attempts 5
        normal_check_interval 1
}
define service{
        use                     generic-service
        host_name               192.168.1.251
        service_description     check_ssh
        check_command           check_ssh
        max_check_attempts      5  #当nagios检测到问题时，一共尝试检测5次都有问题才会告警，如果该数值为1，那么检测到问题立即告警
        normal_check_interval   1  #重新检测的时间间隔，单位是分钟，默认是3分钟
        notification_interval   60 #在服务出现异常后，故障一直没有解决，nagios再次对使用者发出通知的时间。如果你认为，所有的事件只需要一次通知就够了，可以把这里的选项设为0
}
define service{
        use                     generic-service
        host_name               192.168.1.251
        service_description     check_http
        check_command           check_http
        max_check_attempts      5
        normal_check_interval 1
}　　5、检查配置

　　[root@www conf.d]# nagios -v /etc/nagios/nagios.cfg
　　6、重启nagios
[root@www conf.d]# /etc/init.d/nagios restart
Running configuration check...done.
Stopping nagios: done.
Starting nagios: done.　　7、查看效果

　　

　　八、添加nrpe支持的监控服务
　　1、添加nrpe服务
[root@www ~]# vim /etc/nagios/objects/commands.cfg
################################################################################

# 'notify-host-by-email' command definition
define command{
        command_name    notify-host-by-email
        command_line    /usr/bin/printf "%b" "***** Nagios *****\n\nNotification Type: $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$\nHost: $HO
STNAME$\nState: $HOSTSTATE$\nAddress: $HOSTADDRESS$\nInfo: $HOSTOUTPUT$\n\nDate/Time: $LONGDATETIME$\n" | /bin/mail
-s "** $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$ Host Alert: $HOSTNAME$ is $HOSTSTATE$ **" $CONTACTEMAIL$
        }
# 'notify-service-by-email' command definition
define command{
        command_name    notify-service-by-email
        command_line    /usr/bin/printf "%b" "***** Nagios *****\n\nNotification Type: $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$\n\nService
: $SERVICEDESC$\nHost: $HOSTALIAS$\nAddress: $HOSTADDRESS$\nState: $SERVICESTATE$\n\nDate/Time: $LONGDATETIME$\n\nAd
ditional Info:\n\n$SERVICEOUTPUT$\n" | /bin/mail -s "** $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$ Service Alert: $HOSTALIAS$/$SERVICEDESC$
is $SERVICESTATE$ **" $CONTACTEMAIL$
        }
define command{
        command_name    check_nrpe  #自定义check
        command_line    $USER1$/check_nrpe -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -c $ARG1$
        }

################################################################################　　2、添加nrpe服务脚本

[root@www ~]# vim /etc/nagios/conf.d/192.168.1.251.cfg
......
#check_nrpe
define service{
        use     generic-service
        host_name       192.168.1.251
        service_description     check_load  #监控负载
        check_command           check_nrpe!check_load
        max_check_attempts 5
        normal_check_interval 1
}
define service{
        use     generic-service
        host_name       192.168.1.251
        service_description     check_disk_sda1
        check_command           check_nrpe!check_hda1  #check_nrpe为前面自定义的模块名称，check_hda1为被监控主机/etc/nagios/nrpe.cfg文件里定义的脚本名称
        max_check_attempts 5
        normal_check_interval 1
}
#define service{    #可以添加多块磁盘监控
#        use     generic-service
#        host_name       192.168.1.251
#        service_description     check_disk_hda2
#        check_command           check_nrpe!check_hda2
#        max_check_attempts 5
#        normal_check_interval 1
#}[root@www ~]# nagios -v /etc/nagios/nagios.cfg
.......
Total Warnings: 0
Total Errors:   0
Things look okay - No serious problems were detected during the pre-flight check　　

　　3、被监控主机通过nrpe.cfg文件定义的脚本命令
[root@sh ~]# vim /etc/nagios/nrpe.cfg
# The following examples use hardcoded command arguments...
command[check_users]=/usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_users -w 5 -c 10
command[check_load]=/usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_load -w 15,10,5 -c 30,25,20
command[check_hda1]=/usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_disk -w 20% -c 10% -p /dev/sda1
#command[check_hda2]=/usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_disk -w 20% -c 10% -p /dev/hda2
command[check_zombie_procs]=/usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_procs -w 5 -c 10 -s Z
command[check_total_procs]=/usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_procs -w 150 -c 200　　

　　4、重启服务
[root@www ~]# /etc/init.d/nagios restart
Running configuration check...done.
Stopping nagios: done.
Starting nagios: done.[root@sh ~]# /etc/init.d/nrpe restart
Shutting down nrpe:                                        [  OK  ]
Starting nrpe:                                             [  OK  ]　　5、web页面查看结果

　　

　　6、查看nagios日志文件
[root@www ~]# ls /var/log/nagios/
archives  nagios.log  objects.cache  retention.dat  spool  status.dat[root@www ~]# cat /var/log/nagios/nagios.log
[1449405095] Nagios 3.5.1 starting... (PID=1319)
[1449405095] Local time is Sun Dec 06 20:31:35 CST 2015
[1449405095] LOG VERSION: 2.0
[1449405095] Finished daemonizing... (New PID=1320)
[1449405217] SERVICE ALERT: localhost;HTTP;WARNING;SOFT;1;HTTP WARNING: HTTP/1.1 403 Forbidden - 5159 bytes in 0.001 second response time
[1449405277] SERVICE ALERT: localhost;HTTP;WARNING;SOFT;2;HTTP WARNING: HTTP/1.1 403 Forbidden - 5159 bytes in 0.001 second response time
[1449405337] SERVICE ALERT: localhost;HTTP;WARNING;SOFT;3;HTTP WARNING: HTTP/1.1 403 Forbidden - 5159 bytes in 0.001 second response time
[1449405397] SERVICE ALERT: localhost;HTTP;WARNING;HARD;4;HTTP WARNING: HTTP/1.1 403 Forbidden - 5159 bytes in 0.001 second response time
[1449405683] Caught SIGTERM, shutting down...
[1449405683] Successfully shutdown... (PID=1320)
[1449405684] Nagios 3.5.1 starting... (PID=1474)
[1449405684] Local time is Sun Dec 06 20:41:24 CST 2015
[1449405684] LOG VERSION: 2.0
[1449405684] Finished daemonizing... (New PID=1475)
[1449408863] Caught SIGTERM, shutting down...
[1449408863] Successfully shutdown... (PID=1475)
[1449408863] Nagios 3.5.1 starting... (PID=1833)
[1449408863] Local time is Sun Dec 06 21:34:23 CST 2015
[1449408863] LOG VERSION: 2.0
[1449408863] Finished daemonizing... (New PID=1834)
[1449408913] SERVICE ALERT: 192.168.1.251;check_http;CRITICAL;SOFT;1;connect to address 192.168.1.251 and port 80: Connection refused
[1449409033] SERVICE ALERT: 192.168.1.251;check_http;CRITICAL;SOFT;2;connect to address 192.168.1.251 and port 80: Connection refused
[1449409153] SERVICE ALERT: 192.168.1.251;check_http;CRITICAL;SOFT;3;connect to address 192.168.1.251 and port 80: Connection refused
[1449409273] SERVICE ALERT: 192.168.1.251;check_http;CRITICAL;SOFT;4;connect to address 192.168.1.251 and port 80: Connection refused
[1449409393] SERVICE ALERT: 192.168.1.251;check_http;CRITICAL;HARD;5;connect to address 192.168.1.251 and port 80: Connection refused
[1449409393] SERVICE NOTIFICATION: nagiosadmin;192.168.1.251;check_http;CRITICAL;notify-service-by-email;connect to address 192.168.1.251 and port 80: Connection refused
[1449410874] Caught SIGTERM, shutting down...
[1449410874] Successfully shutdown... (PID=1834)
[1449410874] Nagios 3.5.1 starting... (PID=2330)
[1449410874] Local time is Sun Dec 06 22:07:54 CST 2015
[1449410874] LOG VERSION: 2.0
[1449410874] Finished daemonizing... (New PID=2331)
[1449411134] SERVICE ALERT: 192.168.1.251;check_http;OK;HARD;5;HTTP OK: HTTP/1.1 200 OK - 3910 bytes in 0.001 second response time
[1449411134] SERVICE NOTIFICATION: nagiosadmin;192.168.1.251;check_http;OK;notify-service-by-email;HTTP OK: HTTP/1.1 200 OK - 3910 bytes in 0.001 second response time
[1449411714] Caught SIGTERM, shutting down...
[1449411714] Successfully shutdown... (PID=2331)
[1449411714] Nagios 3.5.1 starting... (PID=2614)
[1449411714] Local time is Sun Dec 06 22:21:54 CST 2015
[1449411714] LOG VERSION: 2.0
[1449411714] Finished daemonizing... (New PID=2615)　　

　　九、Nagios配置邮件警告

　　1、增加define contact和define contactgroup配置
[root@www ~]# vim /etc/nagios/objects/contacts.cfg
# We only have one contact in this simple configuration file, so there is
# no need to create more than one contact group.
define contactgroup{
        contactgroup_name       admins
        alias                   Nagios Administrators
        members                 nagiosadmin
        }
# add mail addressee
define contact{
        contact_name               admin
        use                             generic-contact
        alias                           administrator
        email              741616710@qq.com
        }
define contact{
        contact_name               ming
        use                             generic-contact
        alias                            HM
        email              root@huangmingming.cn
        }
define contactgroup{
        contactgroup_name          common
        alias                            common
        members                          admin,ming
        }　　2、修改define service，增加相应配置
[root@www ~]# vim /etc/nagios/conf.d/192.168.1.251.cfg　　define service{
　　use                     generic-service
　　host_name               192.168.1.251
　　service_description     check_http
　　check_command           check_http
　　max_check_attempts      5
　　normal_check_interval   1
　　        contact_groups        common
　　        notifications_enabled   1
　　        notification_period   24x7
　　        notification_options w,u,c,r
　　}
[root@www ~]# nagios -v /etc/nagios/nagios.cfg