Nagios（三）——监控外部信息（主机、服务）

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　　Nagios 对主机的监控分为2种，像服务，端口，ping之类的监控属于外部信息监控；像内存，磁盘，swap这些信息的监控属于内部信息监控。外部信息监控可以通过安装Nagios 插件补丁来实现例如check_ping ；内部信息监控则需要通过NRPE 插件来实现，其原理为：客户机NRPE插件收集相关信息，服务端通过check_nrpe 来采集相关信息，并做相关处理。
　　一、监控外部信息
　　监控外部信息，只需要参照Nagios(二) 将Nagios 服务搭建起来，并且配置好欲监控的主机和服务即可。
　　
1. 配置hosts.cfg
[root@server ~]# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/hosts.cfg
define host{
        use     linux-server
        host_name       node-1
        alias           lamp
        address         192.168.30.110
}
　　2. 配置services.cfg
[root@server etc]# vim services.cfg
define service{
        use     generic-service
        host_name       node-1
service_description     ping
        check_command   check_ping!100.0,20%!500.0,60%
        max_check_attempts 5
        normal_check_interval 1
}
define service{
        use     generic-service
        host_name       node-1
service_description     tcp
        check_command   check_tcp!22
        max_check_attempts 5
        normal_check_interval 1
}
define service{
        use     generic-service
        host_name       node-1
service_description     http
        check_command   check_http
        max_check_attempts 5
        normal_check_interval 1
}
　　3.将services.cfg和hosts.cfg 引用进nagios
　　[root@server ~]# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
　　cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/hosts.cfg
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/services.cfg

4.用nagios自带的检查命令检查其配置是否正确
/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
　　注意：由于这条命令较长而且使用的频率也较高，所以可以通过以下的方法快捷的运用
[root@server ~]# vim .bashrc
alias check='/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg'
　　[root@server ~]# source .bashrc
这样使用check命令即可直接调用-v 的命令，但只是当前登录有效。
　　命令运行结果如下：
[root@server ~]# check
　　Nagios Core 3.2.0
Copyright (c) 2009 Nagios Core Development Team and Community Contributors
Copyright (c) 1999-2009 Ethan Galstad
Last Modified: 08-12-2009
License: GPL
　　Website: http://www.nagios.org
Reading configuration data...
   Read main config file okay...
Processing object config file '/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg'...
Processing object config file '/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/contacts.cfg'...
Processing object config file '/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/timeperiods.cfg'...
Processing object config file '/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/templates.cfg'...
Processing object config file '/usr/local/nagios/etc/hosts.cfg'...
Processing object config file '/usr/local/nagios/etc/services.cfg'...
Processing object config file '/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/localhost.cfg'...
   Read object config files okay...
　　Running pre-flight check on configuration data...
　　Checking services...
        Checked 11 services.
Checking hosts...
        Checked 2 hosts.
Checking host groups...
        Checked 1 host groups.
Checking service groups...
        Checked 0 service groups.
Checking contacts...
        Checked 1 contacts.
Checking contact groups...
        Checked 1 contact groups.
Checking service escalations...
        Checked 0 service escalations.
Checking service dependencies...
        Checked 0 service dependencies.
Checking host escalations...
        Checked 0 host escalations.
Checking host dependencies...
        Checked 0 host dependencies.
Checking commands...
        Checked 24 commands.
Checking time periods...
        Checked 5 time periods.
Checking for circular paths between hosts...
Checking for circular host and service dependencies...
Checking global event handlers...
Checking obsessive compulsive processor commands...
Checking misc settings...
　　Total Warnings: 0
Total Errors:   0                       # 这里显示没有错误和警告说明启动没问题了
　　Things look okay - No serious problems were detected during the pre-flight check
　　5. 重启nagios
[root@server ~]# service nagios restart
Running configuration check...done.
Stopping nagios: done.
Starting nagios: done.
　　6. 测试
　　监控服务：
　　监控主机：
　　至此，nagios 监控外部信息完成！
　　相关软件包下载：http://down.运维网.com/data/699395