docker的部署及使用

3ewsd · 发表于 2019-2-20 09:19:38

　　Docker部署及使用
　　1.安装docker
1.查看系统环境：
[root@bogon ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.3.1611 (Core)
[root@bogon ~]# uname -r
3.10.0-514.el7.x86_64
[root@bogon ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@bogon ~]# systemctl disable firewalld
[root@bogon ~]# setenforce 0
2.安装docker
[root@bogon ~]# yum install -y docker
3.docker和OpenStack对比表

4.启动docker并设置开机自启
[root@bogon ~]# systemctl enable docker
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/docker.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service.
5.更改docker镜像源（默认会去国外官方站点下载，可能会慢也有被拦截的风险，所以改成国内的）
[root@bogon ~]# docker deamon –help
上述命令可以查看到下面文件中需要添加参数的帮助信息。
[root@bogon ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service
#在文件里添加×××部分，×××部分地址需要登录阿里云获取
ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd-current --registry-mirror=https://a14c78qe.mirror.aliyuncs.com \
--add-runtime docker-runc=/usr/libexec/docker/docker-runc-current \
6.加载下文件
[root@bogon ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
7.启动docker
[root@bogon ~]# systemctl start docker
Docker启动报错解决方案：
启动不成功会提示去哪里看报错，如下：
[root@bogon ~]# systemctl start docker
Job for docker.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See "systemctl status docker.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.
[root@bogon ~]# journalctl -xe
#仔细看报错文件，如果是如下报错：
-- Unit docker.service has begun starting up.
8月 28 16:42:20 bogon dockerd-current[3316]: time="2018-08-28T16:42:20.529170789+08:00" level=warning msg="could not change group /var/run/docker.sock to docker: group docker not found"
8月 28 16:42:20 bogon dockerd-current[3316]: time="2018-08-28T16:42:20.542715409+08:00" level=info msg="libcontainerd: new containerd process, pid: 3321"
8月 28 16:42:22 bogon dockerd-current[3316]: Error starting daemon: SELinux is not supported with the overlay2 graph driver on this kernel. Either boot into a newer kernel or disable selinux in docker (--selin
8月 28 16:42:22 bogon systemd[1]: docker.service: main process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE
8月 28 16:42:22 bogon systemd[1]: Failed to start Docker Application Container Engine.
-- Subject: Unit docker.service has failed
解决方法：
修改下面配置文件内容
[root@bogon ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/docker
#下面内容中添加×××部分
OPTIONS='--selinux-enabled=false --log-driver=journald --signature-verification=false'
修改后再次启动就可以了
8.docker启动后查看下状态：
[root@bogon ~]# systemctl status docker
#下面绿色部分说明启动没有问题
● docker.service - Docker Application Container Engine
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since 二 2018-08-28 16:46:06 CST; 5min ago
Docs: http://docs.docker.com
Main PID: 3390 (dockerd-current)
CGroup: /system.slice/docker.service
├─3390 /usr/bin/dockerd-current --registry-mirror=https://a14c78qe.mirror.aliyuncs.com --ad...
└─3395 /usr/bin/docker-containerd-current -l unix:///var/run/docker/libcontainerd/docker-co...
　　8月 28 16:46:05 bogon dockerd-current[3390]: time="2018-08-28T16:46:05.866842623+08:00" level=info...ds"
8月 28 16:46:05 bogon dockerd-current[3390]: time="2018-08-28T16:46:05.868038662+08:00" level=info...t."
8月 28 16:46:06 bogon dockerd-current[3390]: time="2018-08-28T16:46:05.999481830+08:00" level=info...se"
8月 28 16:46:06 bogon dockerd-current[3390]: time="2018-08-28T16:46:06.180906259+08:00" level=info...ss"
8月 28 16:46:06 bogon dockerd-current[3390]: time="2018-08-28T16:46:06.281198675+08:00" level=info...e."
8月 28 16:46:06 bogon dockerd-current[3390]: time="2018-08-28T16:46:06.285045777+08:00" level=warn...ix"
8月 28 16:46:06 bogon dockerd-current[3390]: time="2018-08-28T16:46:06.334406287+08:00" level=info...on"
8月 28 16:46:06 bogon dockerd-current[3390]: time="2018-08-28T16:46:06.334428391+08:00" level=info...3.1
8月 28 16:46:06 bogon systemd[1]: Started Docker Application Container Engine.
8月 28 16:46:06 bogon dockerd-current[3390]: time="2018-08-28T16:46:06.370242046+08:00" level=info...ck"
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.
2.docker简单操作
镜像的下载
[root@bogon ~]# docker pull alpine
Using default tag: latest
Trying to pull repository docker.io/library/alpine ...
latest: Pulling from docker.io/library/alpine
8e3ba11ec2a2: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:7043076348bf5040220df6ad703798fd8593a0918d06d3ce30c6c93be117e430
Status: Downloaded newer image for docker.io/alpine:latest
镜像的搜索，如下搜索一个nginx镜像
[root@bogon ~]# docker search nginx
INDEX    NAME                                                          DESCRIPTION                                  STARS    OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
docker.io docker.io/nginx                                                 Official build of Nginx.                      9370    [OK]
docker.io docker.io/jwilder/nginx-proxy                                  Automated Nginx reverse proxy for docker c... 1388                [OK]
docker.io docker.io/richarvey/nginx-php-fpm                               Container running Nginx + PHP-FPM capable ... 609                [OK]
docker.io docker.io/jrcs/letsencrypt-nginx-proxy-companion                LetsEncrypt container to use with nginx as... 396                [OK]
docker.io docker.io/kong                                                 Open-source Microservice & API Management ... 219    [OK]
docker.io docker.io/webdevops/php-nginx                                  Nginx with PHP-FPM                            111                [OK]
docker.io docker.io/kitematic/hello-world-nginx                         A light-weight nginx container that demons... 108
docker.io docker.io/zabbix/zabbix-web-nginx-mysql                         Zabbix frontend based on Nginx web-server ... 63                [OK]
docker.io docker.io/bitnami/nginx                                        Bitnami nginx Docker Image                   57                [OK]
docker.io docker.io/1and1internet/ubuntu-16-nginx-php-phpmyadmin-mysql-5 ubuntu-16-nginx-php-phpmyadmin-mysql-5       43                [OK]
docker.io docker.io/linuxserver/nginx                                     An Nginx container, brought to you by Linu... 38
docker.io docker.io/tobi312/rpi-nginx                                     NGINX on Raspberry Pi / armhf                20                [OK]
docker.io docker.io/blacklabelops/nginx                                  Dockerized Nginx Reverse Proxy Server.       12                [OK]
docker.io docker.io/nginxdemos/nginx-ingress                            NGINX Ingress Controller for Kubernetes . ... 11
docker.io docker.io/wodby/drupal-nginx                                  Nginx for Drupal container image             10                [OK]
docker.io docker.io/nginxdemos/hello                                     NGINX webserver that serves a simple page ... 8                   [OK]
docker.io docker.io/webdevops/nginx                                     Nginx container                               8                   [OK]
下载nginx镜像：
[root@bogon ~]# docker pull nginx
查看本地镜像：
[root@bogon ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY       TAG                IMAGE ID          CREATED          SIZE
docker.io/nginx    latest             c82521676580       4 weeks ago       109 MB
docker.io/alpine latest             11cd0b38bc3c       7 weeks ago       4.41 MB
镜像的导出：
[root@bogon ~]# docker save nginx >/tmp/nginx.tar.gz
[root@bogon ~]# ls /tmp/
nginx.tar.gz
镜像删除操作
[root@bogon ~]# docker rmi nginx
Untagged: nginx:latest
Untagged: docker.io/nginx@sha256:d85914d547a6c92faa39ce7058bd7529baacab7e0cd4255442b04577c4d1f424
Deleted: sha256:c82521676580c4850bb8f0d72e47390a50d60c8ffe44d623ce57be521bca9869
Deleted: sha256:2c1f65d17acf8759019a5eb86cc20fb8f8a7e84d2b541b795c1579c4f202a458
Deleted: sha256:8f222b457ca67d7e68c3a8101d6509ab89d1aad6d399bf5b3c93494bbf876407
Deleted: sha256:cdb3f9544e4c61d45da1ea44f7d92386639a052c620d1550376f22f5b46981af
[root@bogon ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY       TAG                IMAGE ID          CREATED          SIZE
docker.io/alpine latest             11cd0b38bc3c       7 weeks ago       4.41 MB
导入镜像导入：
[root@bogon ~]# docker load < /tmp/nginx.tar.gz
cdb3f9544e4c: Loading layer 58.44 MB/58.44 MB
a8c4aeeaa045: Loading layer 54.24 MB/54.24 MB
08d25fa0442e: Loading layer 3.584 kB/3.584 kB
Loaded image: docker.io/nginx:latest
[root@bogon ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY       TAG                IMAGE ID          CREATED          SIZE
docker.io/nginx    latest             c82521676580       4 weeks ago       109 MB
docker.io/alpine latest             11cd0b38bc3c       7 weeks ago       4.41 MB
docker镜像启动：（run其实是两个命令的结合，一个是create,创建容器，一个是run运行容器）
[root@bogon ~]# docker run alpine sh
上述这样启动是免交互的相当于后台运行。
[root@bogon ~]# docker run -it alpine sh
/ #
#加上-it后会启动镜像并进入到镜像内。
/ # cd /tmp/
/tmp # ls
/tmp # mkdir abc
/tmp # touch 111
/tmp # ls
111  abc
/tmp # exit
#可以在容器里进行操作，exit退出，容器退出即关闭，想退出不关闭，按住ctrl按下p按下q就可以退出不关闭。
查看正在运行的容器：
[root@bogon ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID       IMAGE             COMMAND          CREATED          STATUS             PORTS             NAMES
显示所有的容器，不管是否在运行。
[root@bogon ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID       IMAGE             COMMAND          CREATED          STATUS                   PORTS             NAMES
212334d5b4e6       alpine             "sh"             21 minutes ago    Exited (0) 18 minutes ago                      stupefied_mclean
939f8d7c326a       alpine             "sh"             22 minutes ago    Exited (0) 22 minutes ago                      keen_ramanujan
删除容器：
[root@bogon ~]# docker rm 212334d5b4e6 939f8d7c326a
#rm后面加上容器的ID，运行中的容器删除时会报错，需要在rm后面加上-f强制删除
212334d5b4e6
939f8d7c326a
运行nginx容器：
[root@bogon ~]# docker run -it --name mynginx nginx
#--name：给运行的容器指定个名称，默认会随机起个名，不好识别
[root@bogon ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID       IMAGE             COMMAND                CREATED          STATUS             PORTS             NAMES
8c39a0d44943       nginx             "nginx -g 'daemon ..." 56 seconds ago    Up 55 seconds    80/tcp             mynginx
显示容器的详细信息：
[root@bogon ~]# docker inspect mynginx  （可以指定容器的ID号）
[
{
"Id": "8c39a0d449436812f7384cdad68dbb7cf303a20cf2e04f4360754e4941575c5d",
"Created": "2018-08-28T10:12:27.182865131Z",
"Path": "nginx",
"Args": [
"-g",
"daemon off;"
。。。。。。。。。。
最后几行信息
"Networks": {
"bridge": {
"IPAMConfig": null,
"Links": null,
"Aliases": null,
"NetworkID": "44fcef1e4efb63b10dc5742f09d18848e25b235f5c2f7c38ad6d1a05d00946ba",
"EndpointID": "2b6d3969bfaffbbbbd166f694f7bf3e1fc5945195849cf12c45ee0906a010275",
"Gateway": "172.17.0.1",    #网关
"IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",    #Ip地址
"IPPrefixLen": 16,
"IPv6Gateway": "",
"GlobalIPv6Address": "",
"GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
"MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02"
}
}
}
}
]
Curl 下ip地址看能否访问：
[root@bogon ~]# curl 172.17.0.2

Welcome to nginx!

body {
width: 35em;
margin: 0 auto;
font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
}

Welcome to nginx!
If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.
　　For online documentation and support please refer to
nginx.com.
　　Thank you for using nginx.

进入已经运行的容器中
[root@bogon ~]# docker attach mynginx
这种方法进入没有bash终端，并且输入信息其他终端也可以看见且无法直接退出，只有ctrl+p+q退出
[root@bogon ~]# docker exec -it mynginx sh
这种方式是比较推荐的，会提供一个指定的bash终端，可以做任意操作。
ls
　　bin  boot  dev  etc  home  lib  lib64  media  mnt  opt  proc  root  run  sbin  srv  sys  tmp  usr  var
#
[root@bogon ~]# docker run -it -d --name mynginx nginx
#-d：后台运行，-d和-rm是冲突参数，只能
81a545910b0d1215fedc279ec38ff65a4a7ddbc7be1b8f37ed7b87fa8a6c244a
[root@bogon ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID       IMAGE             COMMAND                CREATED          STATUS             PORTS             NAMES
81a545910b0d       nginx             "nginx -g 'daemon ..." 7 seconds ago    Up 6 seconds       80/tcp             mynginx
查看docker里面服务的访问日志：
[root@bogon ~]# docker logs mynginx
172.17.0.1 - - [28/Aug/2018:11:43:16 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 612 "-" "curl/7.29.0" "-"
[root@bogon ~]# docker logs -f mynginx
172.17.0.1 - - [28/Aug/2018:11:43:16 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 612 "-" "curl/7.29.0" "-"
172.17.0.1 - - [28/Aug/2018:11:44:50 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 612 "-" "curl/7.29.0" "-"
172.17.0.1 - - [28/Aug/2018:11:44:51 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 612 "-" "curl/7.29.0" "-"
172.17.0.1 - - [28/Aug/2018:11:44:52 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 612 "-" "curl/7.29.0" "-"
#docker logs -f 类似于tailf日志追踪
3.Docker镜像制作
1.下载centos镜像：
[root@bogon ~]# docker pull centos
2.运行容器并进入容器里：
[root@bogon ~]# docker run -it centos bash
[root@0fca23e3d80d /]#
3.默认没有wget，先yum一个wget：
[root@0fca23e3d80d /]# yum install -y wget
4.切换成阿里云源
[root@0fca23e3d80d /]# cd /etc/yum
yum/       yum.conf    yum.repos.d/
[root@0fca23e3d80d /]# cd /etc/yum
yum/       yum.conf    yum.repos.d/
[root@0fca23e3d80d /]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@0fca23e3d80d yum.repos.d]# ls
CentOS-Base.repo  CentOS-Debuginfo.repo  CentOS-Sources.repo  CentOS-fasttrack.repo
CentOS-CR.repo CentOS-Media.repo    CentOS-Vault.repo
[root@0fca23e3d80d yum.repos.d]# rm -f *
[root@0fca23e3d80d yum.repos.d]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
阿里云epel源；
[root@0fca23e3d80d yum.repos.d]# yum install -y epel-release
[root@0fca23e3d80d yum.repos.d]# ls
CentOS-Base.repo  epel-testing.repo  epel.repo
5.安装nginx：
[root@0fca23e3d80d yum.repos.d]# yum install -y nginx
配置nginx
[root@0fca23e3d80d yum.repos.d]# vi /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
#添加×××部分
user nginx;
daemon off;
查看下docker commit帮助
[root@bogon ~]# docker commit --help
　　Usage:  docker commit [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [REPOSITORY[:TAG]]
　　Create a new image from a container's changes
　　Options:
-a, --author string Author (e.g., "John Hannibal Smith ")
-c, --change list    Apply Dockerfile instruction to the created image (default [])
--help          Print usage
-m, --message string Commit message
-p, --pause          Pause container during commit (default true)
[root@bogon ~]# docker commit -m "add nginx images" mynginx liyongli/my_nginx
语法：-m后面是描述
Mynginx：运行的容器名
liyongli/my_nginx：镜像名
查看本地镜像会发现多一个×××部分的镜像
[root@bogon ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY       TAG                IMAGE ID          CREATED          SIZE
liyongli/my_nginx latest             66ff70d8a103       22 seconds ago    408 MB
docker.io/centos latest             5182e96772bf       3 weeks ago       200 MB
docker.io/nginx    latest             c82521676580       5 weeks ago       109 MB
docker.io/alpine latest             11cd0b38bc3c       7 weeks ago       4.41 MB
tag号默认是latest，在上述镜像名后面加上×××部分tag就是你指定的liyongli/my_nginx:v1
[root@bogon ~]# docker commit -m "add nginx images" happy_perlman liyongli/my_nginx:v1
sha256:e6cdb103b333963c17a7ef185e0ec040b3f25c93e3aabaa152040b569cfbe804
[root@bogon ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY       TAG                IMAGE ID          CREATED          SIZE
liyongli/my_nginx v1                e6cdb103b333       4 seconds ago    408 MB
liyongli/my_nginx latest             66ff70d8a103       4 minutes ago    408 MB
docker.io/centos latest             5182e96772bf       3 weeks ago       200 MB
docker.io/nginx    latest             c82521676580       5 weeks ago       109 MB
docker.io/alpine latest             11cd0b38bc3c       7 weeks ago       4.41 MB
启动自己做的镜像：
[root@bogon ~]# docker run -d --name mnginx liyongli/my_nginx nginx
--name:运行容器的描述
liyongli/my_nginx：镜像名
nginx：运行的服务名
5a15d9986e8f460ff047ab716f809309a7e828218986d95df7749b1115b33953
[root@bogon ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID       IMAGE             COMMAND          CREATED          STATUS             PORTS             NAMES
5a15d9986e8f       liyongli/my_nginx "nginx"          11 seconds ago    Up 10 seconds                         mnginx
0fca23e3d80d       centos             "bash"             About an hour ago Up About an hour                      happy_perlman
Docker网络
Docker端口映射：
[root@bogon ~]# docker run -d --name mnginx -P nginx
#-P：端口映射
dc1c5779e7b9f0146376da4bcad1827fe2f80c1fac39c21b7076ce65e4446d51
[root@bogon ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID       IMAGE             COMMAND                CREATED          STATUS             PORTS                NAMES
dc1c5779e7b9       nginx             "nginx -g 'daemon ..." 7 seconds ago    Up 6 seconds       0.0.0.0:32768->80/tcp mnginx
将随机产生一个端口映射到容器里的80
访问验证：
　　[root@bogon ~]# docker run --name my_nginx -d -p 80:80 liyongli/my_nginx nginx
liyongli/my_nginx：镜像名
nginx：镜像里的服务
　　#-p:指定80端口去映射docker上的80
c826a3ea327a0f2957c9f4181af8d4408e8d7de1ebee645def8e07891afc2757
[root@bogon ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID       IMAGE             COMMAND          CREATED          STATUS             PORTS             NAMES
c826a3ea327a       liyongli/my_nginx "nginx"          12 seconds ago    Up 11 seconds    0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp my_nginx
访问测试：
　　注：默认采用tcp，想换成UDP，需要在端口后面加上协议（如下×××部分）
[root@bogon ~]# docker run --name my_nginx -d -p 80:80/udp liyongli/my_nginx nginx
46f6b91ed321ed0fd0cf2e638a68d859207e7ff4dc33c02d7d299e258200496f
[root@bogon ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID       IMAGE             COMMAND          CREATED          STATUS             PORTS             NAMES
46f6b91ed321       liyongli/my_nginx "nginx"          2 seconds ago    Up 2 seconds       0.0.0.0:80->80/udp my_nginx
指定端口和IP映射：
[root@bogon ~]# docker run --name my_nginx -d -p 127.0.0.1:80:80 liyongli/my_nginx nginx
7266e28a7f4b7a1a38f41b55ccf33136f3f7867081e0d1369f662a6292d9fc0a
[root@bogon ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID       IMAGE             COMMAND          CREATED          STATUS             PORTS                NAMES
7266e28a7f4b       liyongli/my_nginx "nginx"          21 seconds ago    Up 21 seconds    127.0.0.1:80->80/tcp my_nginx
访问测试，外面的浏览器访问不到了：
　　本地curl访问：
[root@bogon ~]# curl 127.0.0.1:80

　　

Test Page for the Nginx HTTP Server on Fedora>/opt/hosts
bash: /opt/hosts: Read-only file system
这样会比较安全。
2.数据卷容器：
创建第一个容器：
[root@bogon ~]# docker run -it -v /opt:/opt --name node1 centos bash
[root@680e78302bb6 /]# ls /opt/
[root@680e78302bb6 opt]# mkdir ppp
[root@680e78302bb6 opt]# ls
ppp
创建第二个容器：
[root@bogon ~]# docker run -it --name node2 --volumes-from node1 centos bash
#--volumes-from ;数据卷容器来自哪里，后面跟上容器名
[root@37a43f150d4d /]# df -h
Filesystem          Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
overlay             17G  2.4G 15G  14% /
tmpfs             489M    0  489M 0% /dev
tmpfs             489M    0  489M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/cl-root 17G  2.4G 15G  14% /opt
shm                64M    0 64M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs             489M    0  489M 0% /proc/acpi
tmpfs             489M    0  489M 0% /proc/scsi
tmpfs             489M    0  489M 0% /sys/firmware
[root@37a43f150d4d /]# cd /opt/
[root@37a43f150d4d opt]# ls
ppp
注：即使将容器卷那个容器删除或者关闭，容器卷依然有效
[root@bogon ~]# docker rm -fv 680e78302bb6
#-v :删除容器的数据卷，不加-v只是将容器删除，容器产生的数据还在硬盘里。
　　6.Docker_file编写：
注：dockerfile的文件名D必须大写
[root@bogon ~]# mkdir docker
[root@bogon ~]# cd docker
[root@bogon docker]# vim Dockerfile
#This is dockerfile for nginx
#基于的镜像是什么，这里采用centos，可以是本地也可以是官网的，本地没有会从官网下载，若官网没有会失败。
FROM centos
#维护者信息
MAINTAINER zhouhao zhouhao@123.com
#相关操作，默认镜像没有epel源的，这里给安装epel
RUN rpm -ivh https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/7/x86_64/e/epel-release-7-9.noarch.rpm
RUN yum install -y nginx
#ENV：增加环境变量，比如JAVA，TOMCAT，都会用到此项
#添加文件,index.html要和Dockerfile在同一目录下
ADD index.html /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
#配置文件中添加参数
RUN echo "daemon off;" >> /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
#设置开放端口
EXPOSE 80
#执行命令
CMD ["nginx"]
[root@bogon docker]# vim index.html
This is ngnix
[root@bogon docker]# docker build -t zhouhao/nginx /root/docker/
查看镜像
[root@bogon docker]# docker images
REPOSITORY       TAG                IMAGE ID          CREATED          SIZE
zhouhao/nginx    latest             a8ddb97e410c       About an hour ago 429 MB
                        6ebd2e131385       About an hour ago 429 MB
liyongli/my_nginx v1                e6cdb103b333       30 hours ago       408 MB
liyongli/my_nginx latest             66ff70d8a103       30 hours ago       408 MB
docker.io/centos latest             5182e96772bf       3 weeks ago       200 MB
docker.io/nginx    latest             c82521676580       5 weeks ago       109 MB
docker.io/alpine latest             11cd0b38bc3c       7 weeks ago       4.41 MB
运行下制作出来的nginx镜像
[root@bogon docker]# docker run -it -d --name mnginx zhouhao/nginx
9b6d3bd599df08588ec0d77c2596932c28baaf47a9538e627f6a2e42bbcd264b
查看下容器的详细信息
[root@bogon docker]# docker inspect mnginx
。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。
"EndpointID": "14e1914c63a667e098e17ae03a2613c5df0620efceb09bf58706da89ffdeea8a",
"Gateway": "172.18.42.1",
"IPAddress": "172.18.42.2",
"IPPrefixLen": 24,
"IPv6Gateway": "",
"GlobalIPv6Address": "",
"GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
"MacAddress": "02:42:ac:12:2a:02"
}
}
}
}
]
访问测试下：
[root@bogon docker]# curl 172.18.42.2
This is ngnix
7.docker私有仓库：
生成一个认证文件
[root@localhost opt]# mkdir auth
[root@localhost opt]# cd auth/
[root@localhost auth]# cd ../
[root@localhost opt]#  docker run --entrypoint htpasswd registry:2 -Bbn zhouhao 123456 > auth/htpasswd
[root@localhost opt]# cat auth/htpasswd
zhouhao:$2y$05$GZ3y3GPCmp6anequ4TYh2OrJGmrnMBOmInuR1JrrxIDHf0E6myVqG
搭建仓库：
[root@localhost opt]# docker run -d -p 6000:5000 --restart=always --name registry1 -v pwd/auth:/auth -e "REGISTRY_AUTH=htpasswd" -e "REGISTRY_AUTH_HTPASSWD_REALM=Registry Realm" -e  REGISTRY_AUTH_HTPASSWD_PATH=/auth/htpasswd registry
查看下仓库是否在运行：
[root@localhost opt]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID       IMAGE             COMMAND                CREATED          STATUS             PORTS                   NAMES
559c4b6283b0       registry          "/entrypoint.sh /e..." 23 minutes ago    Up 22 minutes    0.0.0.0:6000->5000/tcp registry1
将镜像上传的仓库中
#先要登录
[root@localhost opt]# docker login 127.0.0.1:6000
Username: zhouhao
Password:
Login Succeeded
#登录成功后才能上传：
#打个标签
[root@localhost opt]# docker tag a8ddb97e410c 127.0.0.1:6000/zhouhao/nginx
#a8ddb97e410c：镜像的ID号
#上传
[root@localhost opt]# docker push 127.0.0.1:6000/zhouhao/nginx
验证：
#先删除上传的镜像
[root@localhost opt]# docker images
REPOSITORY                   TAG                IMAGE ID          CREATED          SIZE
127.0.0.1:6000/zhouhao/nginx latest             a8ddb97e410c       26 hours ago       429 MB
zhouhao/nginx                latest             a8ddb97e410c       26 hours ago       429 MB
                                    6ebd2e131385       26 hours ago       429 MB
liyongli/my_nginx             v1                e6cdb103b333       2 days ago       408 MB
liyongli/my_nginx             latest             66ff70d8a103       2 days ago       408 MB
docker.io/centos             latest             5182e96772bf       3 weeks ago       200 MB
docker.io/nginx             latest             c82521676580       5 weeks ago       109 MB
docker.io/registry          2                b2b03e9146e1       8 weeks ago       33.3 MB
docker.io/registry          latest             b2b03e9146e1       8 weeks ago       33.3 MB
docker.io/alpine             latest             11cd0b38bc3c       8 weeks ago       4.41 MB
[root@localhost opt]# docker rmi -f a8ddb97e410c a8ddb97e410c
Untagged: 127.0.0.1:6000/zhouhao/nginx:latest
Untagged: 127.0.0.1:6000/zhouhao/nginx@sha256:2a1cad070e6076f26211cf421f4e602535ad2c1c9178356e5849da79f9bb9cfd
Untagged: zhouhao/nginx:latest
Deleted: sha256:a8ddb97e410ca1aa9e1a5302fcbc759da4c23175b11fe1837ccda1cc633d40f3
Deleted: sha256:f2e0a6f60b465336517be0b0a2698d208fa09162b4f3e6777efe271b4180cc72
Deleted: sha256:55525487441930ca00294e416a5ead6982b6e3e10b8c79132fe8a1cdc354fbba
Deleted: sha256:66e4a5bd55c9378bdf4ceae514f37d581e416df74853808cbf9a45b7018aafcd
Deleted: sha256:186e9eb4fe8f6df36b525a2dbe1e1141c3e2eec3a908543a685e13e6c9096b6e
Deleted: sha256:2da5317e2754c6af07a8ef8ab0bae487032abb5f204da8358cbfca4a6d9fddb1
Error response from daemon: No such image: a8ddb97e410c:latest
[root@localhost opt]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                IMAGE ID          CREATED          SIZE
                           6ebd2e131385       26 hours ago       429 MB
liyongli/my_nginx v1                e6cdb103b333       2 days ago       408 MB
liyongli/my_nginx latest             66ff70d8a103       2 days ago       408 MB
docker.io/centos    latest             5182e96772bf       3 weeks ago       200 MB
docker.io/nginx    latest             c82521676580       5 weeks ago       109 MB
docker.io/registry 2                b2b03e9146e1       8 weeks ago       33.3 MB
docker.io/registry latest             b2b03e9146e1       8 weeks ago       33.3 MB
docker.io/alpine    latest             11cd0b38bc3c       8 weeks ago       4.41 MB
　　#将仓库中的镜像下载下来：
[root@localhost opt]# docker pull 127.0.0.1:6000/zhouhao/nginx
Using default tag: latest
Trying to pull repository 127.0.0.1:6000/zhouhao/nginx ...
latest: Pulling from 127.0.0.1:6000/zhouhao/nginx
256b176beaff: Already exists
77b0a013ec06: Already exists
f9b1980a6dd6: Already exists
a5a9ce092668: Already exists
a24ee7e77c51: Already exists
Digest: sha256:2a1cad070e6076f26211cf421f4e602535ad2c1c9178356e5849da79f9bb9cfd
Status: Downloaded newer image for 127.0.0.1:6000/zhouhao/nginx:latest
[root@localhost opt]# docker images
REPOSITORY                   TAG                IMAGE ID          CREATED          SIZE
127.0.0.1:6000/zhouhao/nginx latest             a8ddb97e410c       26 hours ago       429 MB
                                    6ebd2e131385       26 hours ago       429 MB
liyongli/my_nginx             v1                e6cdb103b333       2 days ago       408 MB
liyongli/my_nginx             latest             66ff70d8a103       2 days ago       408 MB
docker.io/centos             latest             5182e96772bf       3 weeks ago       200 MB
docker.io/nginx             latest             c82521676580       5 weeks ago       109 MB
docker.io/registry          2                b2b03e9146e1       8 weeks ago       33.3 MB
docker.io/registry          latest             b2b03e9146e1       8 weeks ago       33.3 MB
docker.io/alpine             latest             11cd0b38bc3c       8 weeks ago       4.41 MB
注意：其他docker主要要下载的话，docker要映射443端口
8Docker容器编排：
#先安装epel源：
[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y epel-release
#安装pip：
[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y python-pip
#安装编排工具
[root@localhost ~]# pip install docker-compose
#编辑docker-compose.yml文件
[root@localhost compose]# vim  docker-compose.yml
web1:
image: nginx
expose:

80
web2:
image:
expose:
80
haproxy:
image: haproxy
volumes:
/opt/haproxy.cfg:/use/local/etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
links:
web1
web2
ports:
"7777:1080"
"80:80"
#运行
[root@localhost compose]# docker-compose up
9.docker运行MySQL
1.下载mysql镜像：
docker pull mysql
2.运行mysql镜像：×××部分设置默认密码，必须设置否则会报错
docker run -it -d --name mysqlserver -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -p 192.168.200.200:3306:3306 mysql
3.进入容器内重新授权用户密码，否则主机登录不上：
[root@bogon ~]# docker exec -it mysqlserver /bin/bash
root@d9aab9384ca6:/# mysql -uroot -p123456
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123456';
mysql> flush privileges;
4.主机登录验证：
[root@bogon ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -h 192.168.200.200
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 15
Server version: 8.0.12 MySQL Community Server - GPL

　　Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
　　Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
　　MySQL [(none)]>
　　[root@bogon ~]# yum install -y openvswitch
[root@bogon ~]# yum install -y bridge-utils
[root@bogon ~]# systemctl start openvswitch
[root@bogon ~]# systemctl status openvswitch
● openvswitch.service - Open vSwitch
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/openvswitch.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (exited) since 二 2018-09-04 14:00:50 CST; 38s ago
Process: 3330 ExecStart=/bin/true (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 3330 (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
　　9月 04 14:00:50 bogon systemd[1]: Starting Open vSwitch...
9月 04 14:00:50 bogon systemd[1]: Started Open vSwitch.
　　[root@bogon ~]# ovs-vsctl add-br br0
[root@bogon ~]# ovs-vsctl add-port br0 gre1 -- set interface gre1 type=gre option:remove_ip=192.168.200.200
[root@bogon ~]# brctl addif docker0 br0
[root@bogon ~]# ip link set dev br0 up
[root@bogon ~]# ip link set dev docker0 up
[root@bogon ~]# iptables -F
[root@bogon ~]# ip route add 172.18.0.0/16 dev docker0

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