CentOS LAMP环境搭建(基于fastcgi)

qrqwe

所需安装包：httpd-2.4.10.tar.gz、mysql-5.6.21-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz、php-5.4.34.tar.gz

1、安装httpd
# yum install pcre-devel

# tar xf apr-1.5.1.tar.gz
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr
# make
# make install

# tar xf apr-util-1.5.4.tar.gz
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr
# make
# make install

# tar xf httpd-2.4.10.tar.gz
# cd httpd-2.4.10
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache --sysconfdir=/etc/httpd --enable-so --enable-rewrite --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-cgid --enable-modules=most --enable-mods-shared=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util
# make
# make install

2、修改httpd配置文件
# vim /etc/httpd/httpd.conf
pidfile "/var/run/httpd.pid"
ServerName 192.168.101.168

3、添加服务启动脚本
# vim /etc/init.d/httpd

————————————

#!/bin/bash

#

# httpd        Startup script for the Apache HTTP Server

#

# chkconfig: - 85 15

# description: The Apache HTTP Server is an efficient and extensible  \

#       server implementing the current HTTP standards.

# processname: httpd

# config: /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

# config: /etc/sysconfig/httpd

# pidfile: /var/run/httpd/httpd.pid

#

### BEGIN INIT INFO

# Provides: httpd

# Required-Start: $local_fs $remote_fs $network $named

# Required-Stop: $local_fs $remote_fs $network

# Should-Start: distcache

# Short-Description: start and stop Apache HTTP Server

# Description: The Apache HTTP Server is an extensible server

#  implementing the current HTTP standards.

### END INIT INFO

# Source function library.

. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

if [ -f /etc/sysconfig/httpd ]; then

    . /etc/sysconfig/httpd

fi

# Start httpd in the C locale by default.

HTTPD_LANG=${HTTPD_LANG-"C"}

# This will prevent initlog from swallowing up a pass-phrase prompt if

# mod_ssl needs a pass-phrase from the user.

INITLOG_ARGS=""

# Set HTTPD=/usr/sbin/httpd.worker in /etc/sysconfig/httpd to use a server

# with the thread-based "worker" MPM; BE WARNED that some modules may not

# work correctly with a thread-based MPM; notably PHP will refuse to start.

# Path to the apachectl script, server binary, and short-form for messages.

apachectl=/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl

httpd=${HTTPD-/usr/local/apache/bin/httpd}

prog=httpd

pidfile=${PIDFILE-/var/run/httpd.pid}

lockfile=${LOCKFILE-/var/lock/subsys/httpd}

RETVAL=0

STOP_TIMEOUT=${STOP_TIMEOUT-10}

# The semantics of these two functions differ from the way apachectl does

# things -- attempting to start while running is a failure, and shutdown

# when not running is also a failure.  So we just do it the way init scripts

# are expected to behave here.

start() {

    echo -n $"Starting $prog: "

    LANG=$HTTPD_LANG daemon --pidfile=${pidfile} $httpd $OPTIONS

    RETVAL=$?

    echo

    [ $RETVAL = 0 ] && touch ${lockfile}

    return $RETVAL

}

# When stopping httpd, a delay (of default 10 second) is required

# before SIGKILLing the httpd parent; this gives enough time for the

# httpd parent to SIGKILL any errant children.

stop() {

    echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "

    killproc -p ${pidfile} -d ${STOP_TIMEOUT} $httpd

    RETVAL=$?

    echo

    [ $RETVAL = 0 ] && rm -f ${lockfile} ${pidfile}

}

reload() {

    echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "

    if ! LANG=$HTTPD_LANG $httpd $OPTIONS -t >&/dev/null; then

        RETVAL=6

        echo $"not reloading due to configuration syntax error"

        failure $"not reloading $httpd due to configuration syntax error"

    else

        # Force LSB behaviour from killproc

        LSB=1 killproc -p ${pidfile} $httpd -HUP

        RETVAL=$?

        if [ $RETVAL -eq 7 ]; then

            failure $"httpd shutdown"

        fi

    fi

    echo

}

# See how we were called.

case "$1" in

    start)

        start

        ;;

    stop)

        stop

        ;;

    status)

        status -p ${pidfile} $httpd

        RETVAL=$?

        ;;

    restart)

        stop

        start

        ;;

    condrestart|try-restart)

        if status -p ${pidfile} $httpd >&/dev/null; then

            stop

            start

        fi

        ;;

    force-reload|reload)

        reload

        ;;

    graceful|help|configtest|fullstatus)

        $apachectl $@

        RETVAL=$?

        ;;

    *)

        echo $"Usage: $prog {start|stop|restart|condrestart|try-restart|force-reload|reload|status|fullstatus|graceful|help|configtest}"

        RETVAL=2

esac

exit $RETVAL

————————————

# chmod +x /etc/init.d/httpd
# chkconfig --add httpd
# chkconfig --level 35 httpd on

4、修改httpd PATH变量
# vim /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/apache/bin
# source /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh

5、安装mysql，这里使用官方的通用二进制包
# tar xf mysql-5.6.21-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local
# cd /usr/local/
# ln -sv mysql-5.6.21-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 mysql

6、创建mysql用户和组
# groupadd -r -g 306 mysql
# useradd -g 306 -r -u 306 mysql

7、初始化mysql
# cd /usr/local/mysql
# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/*
# mkdir -p /data/mysql
# chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql
# chmod -R 750 /data/mysql
# scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/
# chown -R root /usr/local/mysql/*

8、创建mysql服务启动脚本
# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
# chkconfig --add mysqld

9、修改mysql配置，启动mysql
# mv /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf.bak
# cp support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
# vim /etc/my.cnf

# 在[mysqld]段添加以下两行

datadir = /data/mysql

thread_concurrency = 4

[client]

socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
# service mysqld start

10、修改MySQL PATH环境变量
# vim /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin
# source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh

11、输出mysql的man手册至man命令的查找路径
# vim /etc/man.config
MANPATH /usr/local/mysql/man

12、输出mysql的库文件至系统库查找路径
# vim /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf
# /usr/local/mysql/lib
# ldconfig

13、链接mysql的头文件至系统头文件路径/usr/include
# ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/include /usr/include/mysql

14、安装PHP

安装所需依赖包：

    mhash-0.9.9.9-3.el6.x86_64.rpm

    mhash-devel-0.9.9.9-3.el6.x86_64.rpm

    libmcrypt-2.5.8-9.3.x86_64.rpm

    libmcrypt-devel-2.5.8-9.3.x86_64.rpm

# rpm -ivh  mhash-0.9.9.9-3.el6.x86_64.rpm mhash-devel-0.9.9.9-3.el6.x86_64.rpm libmcrypt-2.5.8-9.3.x86_64.rpm libmcrypt-devel-2.5.8-9.3.x86_64.rpm

# tar xf php-5.4.34.tar.gz
# cd php-5.4.34
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-openssl --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --enable-mbstring --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --enable-sockets --enable-fpm --with-mcrypt --with-config-file-path=/etc --with-config-file-scan-dir=/etc/php.d --with-bz2
# make
# make test
# make install

注意：
1. 如果使用PHP5.3以上版本，为了链接MySQL数据库，可以指定mysqlnd，这样在本机就不需要先安装MySQL或MySQL开发包了；
2. mysqlnd从php 5.3开始可用，可以在编译时绑定它（而不用和具体的MySQL客户端库绑定形成依赖，例如MySQL为远程服务器），但从PHP 5.4开始它就是默认设置了。
# ./configure --with-mysql=mysqlnd --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd --with-mysqli=mysqlnd

15、创建php配置文件
# cp php.ini-production /etc/php.ini

16、添加服务启动脚本
# cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
# chmod +x /etc/init.d/php-fpm
# chkconfig --add php-fpm

17、配置php-fpm并启动php-fpm
# cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
# vim /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
pm.max_children = 100                            # 最大子进程
pm.start_servers = 5                                    # 初始化启动进程数
pm.min_spare_servers = 5                        # 最小空闲进程
pm.max_spare_servers = 10                        # 最大空闲进程
# service php-fpm start
# netstat -tunlp                                            # 监听9000端口

18、修改httpd支持php，启用httpd相关模块，重启httpd

# vim /etc/httpd/httpd.conf
DirectoryIndex index.php index.html
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps
LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so
LoadModule proxy_fcgi_module modules/mod_proxy_fcgi.so
# httpd -t;service httpd restart

19、httpd虚拟主机配置
# vim /etc/httpd/httpd.conf
#DocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache/htdocs"    ;; 注释此行
Include /etc/httpd/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf
# vim /etc/httpd/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf
————————————
<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerName www.test1.com
    DocumentRoot "/data/www/test1.com"
    ProxyRequests off
    ProxyPassMatch ^/(.*\.php)$ fcgi://127.0.0.1:9000/data/www/test1.com/$1
    <Directory "/data/www/test1.com">
        Options none
        AllowOverride none
        Require all granted
    </Directory>
    ErrorLog "/var/log/httpd/test1-error_log"
    CustomLog "/var/log/httpd/test1-access_log" combined
</VirtualHost>
————————————

# mkdir -p /data/www/test1.com
# mkdir -p /var/log/httpd
# httpd -t;service httpd restart

20、创建测试页面index.html、index.php
# echo "<h1>test1.com</h1>" > /data/www/test1.com/index.html
# echo "

<?php

  $conn=mysql_connect('localhost','','');

  if ($conn)

    echo "Success...";

  else

    echo "Failure...";

phpinfo();

?>" > /data/www/test1.com/index.php

# 浏览器访问：http://www.test1.com、http://www.test1.com/index.html

21、安装php的xcache加速器
# tar xf xcache-3.2.0.tar.gz
# cd xcache-3.2.0
# /usr/local/php/bin/phpize
# ./configure --enable-xcache --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config
# make
# make test
# make install
## /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20100525/ ##

22、整合php和xcache，重启php-fpm
# cp xcache.ini /etc/php.d/
# cp -r htdocs /data/www/test1.com/xcache
# vim /etc/php.d/xcache.ini
extension = xcache.so
xcache.count = 2
xcache.mmap_path = "/tmp/xcache"
xcache.coredump_directory = "/tmp/phpcore/"
## 其它参数按需修改 ##
# vim /etc/php.ini
date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai
# service php-fpm restart

# 浏览器访问：http://www.test1.com    ;;搜索xcache
# 浏览器访问：http://www.test1.com/xcache

23、启用status查看服务器状态

# mod_status模块可以让管理员查看服务器的执行状态，它通过一个HTML页面展示了当前服务器的统计数据，这些数据通常包括但不限于：

1. 处于工作状态的worker进程数

2. 空闲状态的worker进程数

3. 每个worker的状态，包括此worker已经响应的请求数，及由此worker发送的内容的字节数

4. 当前服务器总共发送的字节数

5. 服务器自上次启动或重启以来至当前的时长

6. 平均每秒钟响应的请求数、平均每秒钟发送的字节数、平均每个请求所请求内容的字节数

# 启用状态页面，只需要在主配置文件中添加如下内容即可：

<Location /server-status>

SetHandler server-status

Require all granted

</Location>

# 需要注意的是，这里的状态信息不应该被所有人随意访问，因此，应限制仅允许某些特定地址的客户端查看。比如使用Require ip 192.168.101.0/24来限制仅允许指定网段的主机查看此页面。