分布式文件系统（FastDFS+Tengine+fastdfs-nginx-module）

sadw

FastDFS介绍
FastDFS 服务有三个角色：跟踪服务器（tracker server）、存储服务器（storage server）和客户端（client）
tracker server：跟踪服务器，主要做调度工作，起到均衡的作用；负责管理所有的 storage server和group，每个 storage 在启动后会连接 Tracker，告知自己所属 group 等信息，并保持周期性心跳，Tracker根据 storage 心跳信息，建立 group--->[storage server list]的映射表；tracker 管理的元数据很少，会直接存放在内存；tracker 上的元信息都是由 storage 汇报的信息生成的，本身不需要持久化任何数据，tracker 之间是对等关系，因此扩展 tracker 服务非常容易，直接增加tracker 服务器即可，所有 tracker 都接受 stroage 心跳信息，生成元数据信息来提供读写服务（与其他 Master-Slave 架构的优势是没有单点，tracker 也不会成为瓶颈，最终数据是和一个可用的Storage Server 进行传输的）


storage server：存储服务器，主要提供容量和备份服务；以 group 为单位，每个 group 内可以包含多台 storage server，数据互为备份，存储容量空间以 group 内容量最小的 storage 为准；建议 group 内的 storage server 配置相同；以 group 为单位组织存储能够方便的进行应用隔离、负载均衡和副本数定制；缺点是 group 的容量受单机存储容量的限制， 同时 group 内机器坏掉，数据恢复只能依赖 group 内其他机器重新同步（坏盘替换，重新挂载重启 fdfs_storaged 即可）


多个 group 之间的存储方式有 3 种策略：round robin（轮询）、load  balance（选择最大剩余空间的组上传文件）、specify group（指定 group 上传）


group 中 storage 存储依赖本地文件系统，storage 可配置多个数据存储目录， 磁盘不做 raid，直接分别挂载到多个目录，将这些目录配置为 storage 的数据目录即可


storage 接受写请求时，会根据配置好的规则，选择其中一个存储目录来存储文件；为避免单个目录下的文件过多，storage 第一次启动时，会在每个数据存储目录里创建 2 级子目录，每级 256个，总共 65536 个，新写的文件会以 hash 的方式被路由到其中某个子目录下，然后将文件数据直接作为一个本地文件存储到该目录中

总结：
1.高可靠性：无单点故障
2.高吞吐性：只要 Group 足够多，数据流量是足够分散的

实验环境

IP地址	服务角色	系统环境
10.0.20.51	tracker	CentOS 6.6
10.0.12.143	storage	CentOS 6.6
10.0.12.142	storage	CentOS 6.6

FastDFS基础服务安装
# cd /usr/local/src
# wget https://codeload.github.com/happ ... ommon/tar.gz/V1.0.7 -O libfastcommon-1.0.7.tar.gz
# tar xvzf libfastcommon-1.0.7.tar.gz
# cd libfastcommon-1.0.7
# ./make.sh
# ./make.sh install


# cd /usr/local/src
# wget http://softlayer-sng.dl.sourcefo ... astDFS_v5.05.tar.gz
# tar xvzf FastDFS_v5.05.tar.gz
# cd FastDFS
# ./make.sh
# ./make.sh install


# mkdir -p /data/fastdfs

tracker配置(tracker节点)
# vim /etc/fdfs/tracker.conf

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disabled=false bind_addr= port=22122 connect_timeout=30 network_timeout=60 base_path=/data/fastdfs max_connections=1024 accept_threads=6 work_threads=24 store_lookup=2 store_group=group2 store_server=0 store_path=0 download_server=0 reserved_storage_space = 10% log_level=info run_by_group= run_by_user= allow_hosts=* sync_log_buff_interval = 10 check_active_interval = 120 thread_stack_size = 64KB storage_ip_changed_auto_adjust = true storage_sync_file_max_delay = 86400 storage_sync_file_max_time = 300 use_trunk_file = false slot_min_size = 256 slot_max_size = 16MB trunk_file_size = 64MB trunk_create_file_advance = false trunk_create_file_time_base = 02:00 trunk_create_file_interval = 86400 trunk_create_file_space_threshold = 20G trunk_init_check_occupying = false trunk_init_reload_from_binlog = false trunk_compress_binlog_min_interval = 0 use_storage_id = false storage_ids_filename = storage_ids.conf id_type_in_filename = ip store_slave_file_use_link = false rotate_error_log = true error_log_rotate_time=00:00 rotate_error_log_size = 0 log_file_keep_days = 7 use_connection_pool = false connection_pool_max_idle_time = 3600 http.server_port=8080 http.check_alive_interval=30 http.check_alive_type=tcp http.check_alive_uri=/status.html

# ln -s /usr/bin/fdfs_trackerd /usr/local/bin
# ln -s /usr/bin/stop.sh /usr/local/bin
# ln -s /usr/bin/restart.sh /usr/local/bin
# service fdfs_trackerd start

storage配置（storage节点）
# vim /etc/fdfs/storage.conf

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disabled=false group_name=group1 bind_addr= client_bind=true port=23000 connect_timeout=30 network_timeout=60 heart_beat_interval=30 stat_report_interval=60 base_path=/data/fastdfs max_connections=1024 buff_size = 256KB accept_threads=6 work_threads=24 disk_rw_separated = true disk_reader_threads = 1 disk_writer_threads = 1 sync_wait_msec=50 sync_interval=0 sync_start_time=00:00 sync_end_time=23:59 write_mark_file_freq=500 store_path_count=1 store_path0=/data/fastdfs subdir_count_per_path=256 tracker_server=10.0.20.51:22122 log_level=info run_by_group= run_by_user= allow_hosts=* file_distribute_path_mode=0 file_distribute_rotate_count=100 fsync_after_written_bytes=0 sync_log_buff_interval=10 sync_binlog_buff_interval=10 sync_stat_file_interval=300 thread_stack_size=512KB upload_priority=10 if_alias_prefix= check_file_duplicate=0 file_signature_method=hash key_namespace=FastDFS keep_alive=0 use_access_log = false rotate_access_log = false access_log_rotate_time=00:00 rotate_error_log = false error_log_rotate_time=00:00 rotate_access_log_size = 0 rotate_error_log_size = 0 log_file_keep_days = 7 file_sync_skip_invalid_record=false use_connection_pool = false connection_pool_max_idle_time = 3600 http.domain_name= http.server_port=8086

# ln -s /usr/bin/fdfs_storaged /usr/local/bin
# ln -s /usr/bin/stop.sh /usr/local/bin
# ln -s /usr/bin/restart.sh /usr/local/bin
# service fdfs_storaged start


nginx部署（storage节点）
在storage上安装nginx主要是为了提供http访问服务，同时解决group中store服务器的同步延迟问题。
需要安装的软件包：zlib、pcre、openssl、tengine、fastdfs-nginx-module



# echo "/usr/local/lib" >>  /etc/ld.so.conf
# echo "/usr/local/lib64" >>  /etc/ld.so.conf
# /sbin/ldconfig


# mkdir -p /var/log/nginx
# mkdir -p /var/nginx_temp/{nginx_client,nginx_proxy,nginx_fastcgi}


# ln -s /usr/include/fastdfs/*.h /usr/include
# ln -s /usr/include/fastcommon/*.h /usr/include


# cd /usr/local/src
# wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/ ... 8/zlib-1.2.8.tar.gz
# tar xvzf zlib-1.2.8.tar.gz
# cd zlib-1.2.8
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local
# make && make install


# cd /usr/local/src
# wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/ ... 36/pcre-8.36.tar.gz
# tar xvzf pcre-8.36.tar.gz
# cd pcre-8.36
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local
# make && make install


# cd /usr/local/src
# wget http://www.openssl.org/source/openssl-1.0.1m.tar.gz
# tar xvzf openssl-1.0.1m.tar.gz
# cd openssl-1.0.1m
# ./config shared --prefix=/usr/local
# make && make install


# cd /usr/local/src
# wget http://cznic.dl.sourceforge.net/ ... module_v1.16.tar.gz
# tar xvzf fastdfs-nginx-module_v1.16.tar.gz
# cp fastdfs-nginx-module/src/mod_fastdfs.conf /etc/fdfs



# cd /usr/local/src
# wget http://tengine.taobao.org/download/tengine-1.5.2.tar.gz
# tar xvzf tengine-1.5.2.tar.gz
# cd tengine-1.5.2
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
--lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock \
--pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid \
--error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log \
--http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log \
--user=nobody \
--group=nobody \
--with-pcre=../pcre-8.36 \
--with-pcre-opt=-fPIC \
--with-openssl=../openssl-1.0.1m \
--with-openssl-opt=-fPIC \
--with-zlib=../zlib-1.2.8 \
--with-zlib-opt=-fPIC \
--with-backtrace_module \
--with-http_stub_status_module \
--with-http_gzip_static_module \
--with-http_realip_module \
--without-select_module \
--without-poll_module \
--with-http_concat_module=shared \
--with-http_sysguard_module=shared \
--with-http_limit_conn_module=shared \
--with-http_limit_req_module=shared \
--with-http_split_clients_module=shared \
--with-http_footer_filter_module=shared \
--with-http_sub_module=shared \
--with-http_access_module=shared \
--with-http_addition_module=shared \
--with-http_referer_module=shared \
--with-http_rewrite_module=shared \
--with-http_memcached_module=shared \
--without-http_upstream_check_module \
--without-http_upstream_least_conn_module \
--without-http_upstream_keepalive_module \
--without-http_upstream_ip_hash_module \
--without-http_geo_module \
--http-client-body-temp-path=/var/nginx_temp/nginx_client \
--http-proxy-temp-path=/var/nginx_temp/nginx_proxy \
--http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/nginx_temp/nginx_fastcgi \
--add-module=../fastdfs-nginx-module/src
# make && make install



# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

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user nobody nobody; worker_processes auto; worker_cpu_affinity auto; error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log crit; pid /var/run/nginx.pid; worker_rlimit_nofile 65535; dso {     load ngx_http_rewrite_module.so;     load ngx_http_access_module.so;     load ngx_http_concat_module.so;     load ngx_http_limit_conn_module.so;     load ngx_http_limit_req_module.so;     load ngx_http_sysguard_module.so; } events {     use epoll;     worker_connections 10240; } http {     server_tokens off;     server_tag off;     autoindex off;     access_log off;     include mime.types;     default_type application/octet-stream;           server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;     client_header_buffer_size 32k;     large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;     client_max_body_size 30m;     client_body_buffer_size 256k;            sendfile on;     tcp_nopush on;     keepalive_timeout 60;     tcp_nodelay on;     gzip on;     gzip_min_length 1k;     gzip_buffers 4 16k;     gzip_http_version 1.1;     gzip_comp_level 6;     gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml application/javascript text/javascript image/jpeg image/gif image/png;     gzip_vary on;           fastcgi_connect_timeout 120;     fastcgi_read_timeout 120;     fastcgi_send_timeout 120;     fastcgi_buffer_size 1024k;     fastcgi_buffers 32 1024k;     fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 2048k;     fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 2048k;           fastcgi_temp_path /var/nginx_temp/nginx_temp;           log_format access '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request"'                       '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer"'                       '"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';           server {           sysguard on;                      sysguard_load load=24 action=/loadlimit;           sysguard_mem swapratio=24% action=/swaplimit;           sysguard_mem free=100M action=/freelimit;                      location /loadlimit {                return 503;           }                      location /swaplimit {                return 503;           }                      location /freelimit {                return 503;           }     }           server {                  listen 8080;                  server_name 10.0.12.143;                   location / {                root html;                index index.html index.htm;           }                   location ~/group[1-3]/M00 {             root /data/fastdfs/data;             ngx_fastdfs_module;         }     } }

# vim /etc/fdfs/mod_fastdfs.conf

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connect_timeout=2 network_timeout=30 base_path=/data/fastdfs load_fdfs_parameters_from_tracker=true storage_sync_file_max_delay = 86400 use_storage_id = false storage_ids_filename = storage_ids.conftracker_server=10.0.20.51:22122 storage_server_port=23000 group_name=group1 url_have_group_name = true store_path_count=1 store_path0=/data/fastdfs log_level=info log_filename=/var/log/fastdfs/mod_fastdfs.log response_mode=proxy if_alias_prefix= flv_support = true flv_extension = flv #include http.conf http.need_find_content_type=truegroup_count = 3 [group1] group_name=group1 storage_server_port=23000 store_path_count=1 store_path0=/data/fastdfs [group2] group_name=group2 storage_server_port=23000 store_path_count=1 store_path0=/data/fastdfs [group3] group_name=group3 storage_server_port=23000 store_path_count=1 store_path0=/data/fastdfs

注：本次测试只用到了group1


# ln -s /data/fastdfs/data /data/fastdfs/data/M00
# cp /usr/local/src/FastDFS/conf/mime.types /etc/fdfs
# cp /usr/local/src/FastDFS/conf/http.conf /etc/fdfs
# cp /usr/local/src/FastDFS/conf/anti-steal.jpg /etc/fdfs

# mkdir -p /var/log/fastdfs
# chown -R nobody:nobody /var/log/fastdfs

# service nginx start
注：nginx启动脚本见本文附录

nginx部署（tracker节点）
在tracker上安装nginx主要是为了提供http访问的反向代理、负载均衡以及缓存服务。
需要安装的软件包：zlib、pcre、openssl、luajit、geoip、tengine、ngx_cache_purge



# echo "/usr/local/lib" >> /etc/ld.so.conf
# echo "/usr/local/lib64" >> /etc/ld.so.conf
# /sbin/ldconfig

# mkdir -p /var/log/nginx
# mkdir -p /var/nginx_temp/{nginx_client,nginx_proxy,nginx_fastcgi,nginx_temp,nginx_cache}

# yum -y install libxml2 libxml2-devel libxslt libxslt-devel gd gd-devel
# cd /usr/local/src
# wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/ ... 8/zlib-1.2.8.tar.gz
# tar xvzf zlib-1.2.8.tar.gz
# cd zlib-1.2.8
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local
# make && make install

# cd /usr/local/src
# wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/ ... 36/pcre-8.36.tar.gz
# tar xvzf pcre-8.36.tar.gz
# cd pcre-8.36
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local
# make && make install

# cd /usr/local/src
# wget http://www.openssl.org/source/openssl-1.0.1m.tar.gz
# tar xvzf openssl-1.0.1m.tar.gz
# cd openssl-1.0.1m
# ./config shared --prefix=/usr/local
# make && make install

# cd /usr/local/src
# wget http://luajit.org/download/LuaJIT-2.0.4.tar.gz
# tar xvzf LuaJIT-2.0.4.tar.gz
# cd LuaJIT-2.0.4
# make PREFIX=/usr/local
# make install

# cd /usr/local/src
# wget http://pkgs.fedoraproject.org/re ... /GeoIP-1.6.5.tar.gz
# tar xvzf GeoIP-1.6.5.tar.gz
# cd GeoIP-1.6.5
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local
# make && make install

# cd /usr/local/src
# wget http://labs.frickle.com/files/ngx_cache_purge-2.3.tar.gz
# tar xvzf ngx_cache_purge-2.3.tar.gz


# cd /usr/local/src
# wget http://tengine.taobao.org/download/tengine-1.5.2.tar.gz
# tar xvzf tengine-1.5.2.tar.gz
# cd tengine-1.5.2
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
--lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock \
--pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid \
--error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log \
--http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log \
--user=nobody \
--group=nobody \
--with-pcre=../pcre-8.36 \
--with-pcre-opt=-fPIC \
--with-openssl=../openssl-1.0.1m \
--with-openssl-opt=-fPIC \
--with-zlib=../zlib-1.2.8 \
--with-zlib-opt=-fPIC \
--with-backtrace_module \
--with-http_stub_status_module \
--with-http_gzip_static_module \
--with-http_realip_module \
--with-http_concat_module=shared \
--with-http_sysguard_module=shared \
--with-http_limit_conn_module=shared \
--with-http_limit_req_module=shared \
--with-http_split_clients_module=shared \
--with-http_footer_filter_module=shared \
--with-http_geoip_module=shared \
--with-http_sub_module=shared \
--with-http_access_module=shared \
--with-http_upstream_ip_hash_module=shared \
--with-http_upstream_least_conn_module=shared \
--with-http_referer_module=shared \
--with-http_rewrite_module=shared \
--with-http_memcached_module=shared \
--with-http_upstream_session_sticky_module=shared \
--with-http_addition_module=shared \
--with-http_xslt_module=shared \
--with-http_image_filter_module=shared \
--with-http_user_agent_module=shared \
--with-http_empty_gif_module=shared \
--with-http_browser_module=shared \
--with-http_map_module=shared \
--with-http_userid_filter_module=shared \
--with-http_charset_filter_module=shared \
--with-http_trim_filter_module=shared \
--with-http_lua_module=shared \
--without-http_fastcgi_module \
--without-http_uwsgi_module \
--without-http_scgi_module \
--without-select_module \
--without-poll_module \
--add-module=../ngx_cache_purge-2.3 \
--http-client-body-temp-path=/var/nginx_temp/nginx_client \
--http-proxy-temp-path=/var/nginx_temp/nginx_proxy \
--http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/nginx_temp/nginx_fastcgi

# make && make install
# mkdir -p /usr/local/nginx/conf/{conf.d,vhost.d}

# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

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user nobody nobody; worker_processes auto; worker_cpu_affinity auto; error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log crit; pid /var/run/nginx.pid; worker_rlimit_nofile 65535; dso {     load ngx_http_rewrite_module.so;     load ngx_http_access_module.so;     load ngx_http_concat_module.so;     load ngx_http_limit_conn_module.so;     load ngx_http_limit_req_module.so;     load ngx_http_sysguard_module.so;     load ngx_http_upstream_session_sticky_module.so;     load ngx_http_footer_filter_module.so;     load ngx_http_trim_filter_module.so;     load ngx_http_lua_module.so; } events {     use epoll;     worker_connections 10240; } http {     server_tokens off;     server_tag off;     autoindex off;     access_log off;     include mime.types;     default_type application/octet-stream;             server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;     client_header_buffer_size 32k;     large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;     client_max_body_size 30m;     client_body_buffer_size 256k;             sendfile on;     tcp_nopush on;     keepalive_timeout 60;     tcp_nodelay on;             gzip on;     gzip_min_length 1k;     gzip_buffers 4 16k;     gzip_http_version 1.1;     gzip_comp_level 6;     gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml application/javascript text/javascript image/jpeg image/gif image/png;     gzip_vary on;             proxy_connect_timeout 120;     proxy_read_timeout 120;     proxy_send_timeout 120;     proxy_buffer_size 128k;     proxy_buffers 4 128k;     proxy_busy_buffers_size 256k;     proxy_temp_file_write_size 256k;     proxy_headers_hash_max_size 1024;     proxy_headers_hash_bucket_size 128;             proxy_redirect off;     proxy_set_header Host $host;     proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;     proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;             proxy_temp_path /var/nginx_temp/nginx_temp;     proxy_cache_path /var/nginx_temp/nginx_cache levels=1:2 keys_zone=cache_one:2048m inactive=30m max_size=60g;             log_format access '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request"'                         '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer"'                         '"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';             server {           sysguard on;                     sysguard_load load=24 action=/loadlimit;           sysguard_mem swapratio=24% action=/swaplimit;           sysguard_mem free=100M action=/freelimit;                      location /loadlimit {                return 503;           }                      location /swaplimit {                return 503;           }                      location /freelimit {                return 503;           }     }           include conf.d/*.conf;     include vhost.d/*.conf; }

# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/conf.d/fdfs_group1.conf

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upstream fdfs_group1 {     consistent_hash $request_uri;     server 10.0.12.142:8080 id=100 weight=10;     server 10.0.12.143:8080 id=101 weight=10;     session_sticky;     check interval=3000 rise=2 fall=5 timeout=1000 type=tcp; }

# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost.d/fdfs_group1_vh.conf

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server {     listen 8080;     server_name 10.0.20.51;           location /group1/M00 {           proxy_next_upstream http_502 http_504 error timeout invalid_header;           proxy_cache cache_one;           proxy_cache_valid 200 304 1h;           proxy_cache_valid 301 302 30m;           proxy_cache_valid any 1m;           proxy_cache_key $host$uri$is_args$args;           add_header eleme '$upstream_cache_status from $host';           proxy_pass http://fdfs_group1;           expires 1d;     }           location ~ /purge(/.*) {           allow 127.0.0.1;           allow 10.0.0.0/8;           allow 172.0.0.0/8;           deny all;           proxy_cache_purge cache_one $host$1$is_args$args;     }           location ~ health_status {           check_status;           allow 127.0.0.1;           allow 10.0.0.0/8;           allow 172.0.0.0/8;           deny all;     } }

# service nginx start
注：nginx启动脚本见本文附录


基础测试（tracker节点）
# vim /etc/fdfs/client.conf

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connect_timeout=30 network_timeout=60 base_path=/data/fastdfs tracker_server=10.0.20.51:22122 log_level=info use_connection_pool = false connection_pool_max_idle_time = 3600 load_fdfs_parameters_from_tracker=false use_storage_id = false storage_ids_filename = storage_ids.conf http.tracker_server_port=8080

文件上传
# fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

通过浏览器访问，比如：
http://10.0.20.51:8080/group1/M0 ... 4AAAH548RQaY07.conf

文件缓存清除，比如：
http://10.0.20.51:8080/purge/gro ... 4AAAH548RQaY07.conf

文件下载
# fdfs_download_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf group1/M00/00/00/CgAMj1VmJoCAJQ64AAAH548RQaY07.conf

文件属性信息查看
# fdfs_file_info /etc/fdfs/client.conf group1/M00/00/00/CgAMj1VmJoCAJQ64AAAH548RQaY07.conf

文件删除
# fdfs_delete_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf group1/M00/00/00/CgAMj1VmJoCAJQ64AAAH548RQaY07.conf

查看系统状态
# fdfs_monitor /etc/fdfs/client.conf | grep ACTIVE

查看存储节点信息（storage）
# fdfs_monitor /etc/fdfs/storage.conf


附录
nginx启动脚本：
/etc/init.d/nginx

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#!/bin/sh # # nginx - this script start and stop the nginx daemon # # chkconfig: 2345 # description: Startup script for nginx # processname: nginx # config: /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf # pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid # # code by rocketzhang # PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin DAEMON="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx" CNFFILE="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf" PIDFILE="/var/run/nginx.pid" LOCKFILE="/var/lock/nginx.lock" RETVAL=0 set -e [[ -x "$DAEMON" ]] || exit 0 start() {     [[ -x $DAEMON ]] || exit 5     [[ -f $CNFFILE ]] || exit 6             echo -n "Startting Nginx......"     $DAEMON -c $CNFFILE || echo -n "Nginx already running!"     RETVAL=$?     echo     [[ $RETVAL -eq 0 ]] && touch $LOCKFILE } stop() {     echo -n "Stopping Nginx......"           if [[ -n `ps aux | grep nginx | awk '/master/{print $2}'` ]]; then           kill -QUIT `ps aux | grep nginx | awk '/master/{print $2}'`           RETVAL=$?           echo           [[ $RETVAL -eq 0 ]] && rm -f $LOCKFILE $PIDFILE     fi } reload() {       echo -n "Reloading Nginx......"     if [[ -n `ps aux | grep nginx | awk '/master/{print $2}'` ]]; then           kill -HUP `ps aux | grep nginx | awk '/master/{print $2}'`           RETVAL=$?           echo     fi } case "$1" in start)     start     ;; stop)     stop     ;; reload)     reload     ;; restart)     stop     sleep 1     start     ;; *)     echo "Usage: service nginx {start|stop|reload|restart}"     RETVAL=1     ;; esac exit $RETVAL